《智品》其书及作者研究

樊玉衝,号棠轩,著有《智品》一书,其主要流传版本为万历四十二年于斯行刻本,共十部十三卷。《智品》在晚明崇智思潮中诞生,希图以历史上行之有效的智慧策略挽救社会颓势,具有强烈的经世致用性,为紧随其后的智书编撰提供借鉴。不仅如此,《智品》还在一定程度上拓宽了晚明小品文的题材范围。

An Introduction to Intelligent Sensory Evaluation

Sensory evaluation is the evaluation of signals that a buman receives via its sensory organs. Nowadays sensory evaluation is widely used in quality inspection and quality control of products. and many other fields. Actually sensory evaluation always give. uncertain and inprecise results, therefore it derivates many problems. we reviews in detail these problem and give some cumputing methods to resolve them.

Shape memory behavior of SMPU knitted fabric

A preliminary investigation of shape memory (SM) effects of SMPU (shape memory polyurethane) knitting fabric is presented in this paper. Three SMPU knitted fabrics series with different content of SMPU fibers: 100% SMPU, 50% SMPU and 50% cotton, 16% SMPU and 84% cotton are designed and manufactured in our lab. Their shape memory behaviors at different temperatures are characterized in terms of bagging. Our experimental results showed that shape memory effect can be improved with increasing content of SMPU fibers. A comparison between Lycra and SMPU knitted fabrics was also made to validate the shape memory effects of SMPU knitted fabrics.

The Role of Computational Intelligence in Sensory Evaluation

Sensory evaluation is the evaluation of signals that a human receives via its senses of sight, smell, taste, touch and hearing. In today’s industrial companies, sensory evaluation is widely used in quality inspection of products, in marketing study and in many other fields such as risk evaluation, investment evaluation and safety evaluation. In practice, setting up a suitable mathematical formulation, an efficient working procedure and a pertinent computing method for sensory evaluation is quite difficult because of uncertainty and imprecision in sensory panels and their results involving linguistic expressions, non normalized data, data reliability, etc. At the present a prime problem of the practitioner is not the lack of useful methods but the lack of transparency in this area. In this tutorial lecture, we briefly describe some of the technology in the computational intelligence (CI) areas that has been developed for application to sensory evaluation and related fields. Moreover, we will illustrate the role of CI in sensory evaluation related applications from some recent publications.

Monitoring Biosignals with Low Cost Wearable Sensors

With the increase of aging population, we have been witnessing a decline in the quality of life influenced by numerous social, cultural and economic factors. Several studies have addressed these facts and some emerging technologies are capable of monitoring and anticipating these problems. With the advance in the development of smart textiles, it＇s possible to use these technologies in the acquisition of biosignals, which allows obtaining a better comfort regarding the use of smart clothes over traditional Ag/AgCI electrodes. In this way, it is possible to monitor for longer periods reducing the discomfort to the user. This paper reports the development of a low cost sensor with the capability of monitoring the electrical activity of the heart, measuring the heart rate and body temperature and is applied in the scenario： health ＆ wellbeing, targeting the continuous measurement of vital signs.

Introduction, Collection and Characterization of Lotus spp. Germplasm in Chile

The information related with results of a project on germplasm characterization of three Lotus species, important as forage plants, curried out in five environments of the central-southern zone of Chile, was reviewed. An evaluation was made of 12 L. corniculatus cultivars introduced from different parts of the world, as well as germplasm naturalized in Chile, being 11 accessions of L. tenuis and 21 accessions ofL. uliginosus collected from 33°S to 38°S and 38°S to 45°S, respectively. Phenological, morphological, and agronomical characters were evaluated. Nitrogen fixation in field conditions and concentrations of condensed tannins in herbage were also included. It is concluded that there are cultivars of high value in L. corniculatus introduced germplasm which can be recommended for different environments of the central zone of Chile, as well as for local species breeding programmes. Information obtained from L. tenuis and L. uliginosus accessions shows genetic variability within both species. L. tenuis germplasm is adapted to clay, medium-textured, or sandy soils with water restrictions and phosphorous deficiency. Therefore, characterized accessions could be used to breed cultivars for low input production systems in constrained environments. L. uliginosus accessions include genotypes collected in sites with acid soils and variable tannin content in plant tissues that may be promissory genetic materials for breeding programmes with the objective of producing cultivars for animal production systems for the wet and acid soils in the southern zone of the country.

Multi-agent Systems and Cloud Computing for Controlling and Managing Chemical and Food Processes

Cloud computing can offer a very powerful, reliable, predictable and scalable computing infrastructure for the execution of MAS （multi-agent systems） implementing complex agent-based applications such when modelling, simulation and real-time running of complex systems must be provided. Multi-agent systems appears as an adequate approach to current challenges in many areas. Between important qualities of MAS also belongs to, that they are open, interoperable, and heterogenous systems. The agent is active, a program entity, has its own ideas how to perform the tasks of the own agenda. Agents： perceive, behave ＂reasonably＂, act in the environment, communicate with other agents. Cloud infrastructures can offer an ideal platform where run MAS systems simulations, applications and real-time running because of its large amount of processing and memory resources that can be dynamically configured for executing large agent-based software at unprecedented scale. Cloud computing can help chemical and food companies drive operational excellence; meet growing and changing customer demands; accelerate new product innovation and ramp-to-volume manufacturing in key markets; reduce IT spending; manage and mitigate supply chain risks; and enable faster and more flexible delivery of new IT system. Production type of SOC （service-oriented computing） can be inspired by a ＂Cloud＂, for the production of ＂Cloud＂ offers an attractive and natural solutions in several computing trends such as delivery system over the Internet, use of utilities, flexibility, virtualization, a ＂grid＂ distributed computing, outsourcing, Web 2.0, etc.. Production of the ＂Cloud＂ is also considered as a new multidisciplinary field that includes ＂network＂ production, virtual manufacturing, agile manufacturing, and of course cloud computing. Examples of cloud computing and MAS applications in food and chemistry development and industry, proposition of using multi-agent systems in the control of batch processes, modified ACO （ant colony optimization） approach for the diversified service allocation and scheduling mechanism in cloud paradigma, examples of applications in a business area were studied in the paper.

Use of Renewable Energy Sources in Saudi Arabia through Smart Grid

Even though Saudi Arabia is the world＇s largest producer and exporter of petroleum and petroleum based products, it is also blessed with high potential of renewable energy sources like solar and wind. Untapped wind and solar energy sources, which are abundant throughout the kingdom, can be connected and optimally integrated into the grid through the use of smart grid technologies and the expansion of transmission facilities. Smart grid is an auto-balancing, self-monitoring power grid that accepts power from any source of fuel like oil, sun or wind and delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers. It helps to control the use of appliances in order to save energy, reduces cost and increase reliability. This paper describes the attributes of a smart grid and how these act as driving force to modernize the electrical power grid. The necessity of conservation of oil in Saudi Arabia is argued. Moreover, the vast availability of renewable energy sources like solar and wind in Saudi Arabia and advantages in utilizing these sources through smart grid technologies are advocated in this paper.

The Effect of Calcium Chloride on the Microbiological Characteristics of Fermented Chile Pepper （Capsicum annuum cv. Mesilla Cayenne） Mash

Fermented chile pepper mash （Capsicum annuum cv. Mesilla Cayenne） is a major industrial food product in New Mexico. The fermentation of chile pepper mash depends on temperature, acidity, salt concentration, dissolved air, available carbohydrates and enzymes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of calcium chloride （CaCI2） on the microbial characteristics of the pepper mash fermentation. Nine five gallon buckets were prepared with pepper that had been washed and ground by the manufacturer, each with 15% sodium chloride added. The buckets were allotted randomly to 1 of 3 treatments. The treatments included no CaCl2, 0.2% CaCl2 and 0.4% CaCl2 added to the pepper mash. Samples were stored at room temperature and sampled over a 3 months period to examine changes in the microflora. Chile mash samples were serially diluted in butterfield＇s phosphate buffer for microbial enumeration. Aerobic plate counts were conducted by pour plating with an overlay. Petrifilms were used for E. coil/coliform counts and Enterobacteriaceae. Yeasts and molds were surface plated on Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol agar while streptococci and lactobacilli were plated onto M17 and acidified MRS respectively. Aerobic plate counts, coliforms, E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, yeast, mold, lactobacilli, and streptococci were not affected by CaCl2 level. The addition of 0.4% CaCl2 was found to have no effect on the chile pepper mash fermentation.

Zhijiang’s Harmonious Urban-Rural Development Project

ANFUSI Town in Yichang City,northwest of Zhijiang City,is a national demonstration town of urbanization and rural development in Hubei and site of a large industrial park.The reporter went there to see the work in progress on building a 4,000-square-meter smart greenhouse with a bucolic landscape and an aquatic product factory equipped to produce surimi.In 2000,there were just a few small local businesses in Anfusi.