低应变速率对Q235和20MnSi钢强度的影响

研究了应变速率对煤巷锚杆用Q2 35钢、热轧和淬火高温回火 2 0MnSi钢力学性能的影响。发现与常规拉力试验相比 (应变速率为 2 5× (10 -4 ～ 10 -3 )s-1) ,当应变速率为 4 6× 10 -6s-1时 ,Q2 35钢屈服强度降低 14%～ 18% ,热轧和淬火高温回火的2 0MnSi钢屈服强度分别降低 4%和 1%。分析了应变速率对钢强度的影响。研究结果对于在岩石蠕变条件下工作的煤巷锚杆的设计。

高碳硅锰TRIP钢低应变速率下的拉伸性能

研究了 0 .6 3C 1 .75Si 1 .6 8MnTRIP钢室温低应变速率下的拉伸性能 .试验用钢的等温淬火为 :90 0℃加热 ,保温 2 0min ,34 0℃等温 2h.当应变速率由 4 .6× 1 0 -3 s-1降至 4 .6× 1 0 -6s-1时 ,高碳硅锰TRIP钢的延伸率由 1 4 %～ 1 5 %提高到 2 2 %左右 ;屈服强度由 1 0 1 5MPa提高到 1 1 98MPa;极限强度由 1 4 4 8MPa提高到 1 5 4 6MPa;拉伸试样中残留奥氏体量减少 .表明该钢在低应变速率下应变诱导相变、相变诱发塑性能够充分进行 .因此 。

煤巷锚杆用钢在低应变速率下的力学性能

研究了低应变速率对煤巷锚杆用Q2 35钢、热轧和淬火回火 2 0MnSi钢力学性能的影响。与常规拉力试验相比 (应变速率为 2 .5× 10 -4～ 2 .5× 10 -3 s-1) ,当应变速率为 4 .6× 10 -6s-1时 ,Q2 35钢屈服强度降低 14 % ;热轧和淬火高温回火的 2 0MnSi钢屈服强度分别降低 4 %和 1%。分析了低应变速率对钢强度的影响。研究结果对于在岩石蠕变条件下工作的煤巷锚杆的设计。

用低应变速率方法测定919铝合金的应力腐蚀敏感性

用低应变速率方法测定了３种热处理状态的９１９铝合金的应力腐蚀敏感性，结果表明，３种状态合金的应力腐蚀敏感性顺序与在恒载荷试验中获得的结果具有很好的相关性。因而，低应变速率方法适用于９１９及其同类合金的应力腐蚀性能研究。

用低应变速率方法测定921钢的应力腐蚀性能

用低应变速率方法测定了９２１钢的应力腐蚀性能，试验结果表明：在自然腐蚀电位下，９２１钢没有应力腐蚀倾向；当施加的阴极保护电位偏离正常值，如负于－０．９００伏时，会出现应力腐蚀性能的下降。

含钪超高强铝合金在应变速率10^(-3)s^(-1)下的热流变及动态再结晶行为

采用等温热压缩实验和电子背散射衍射分析技术,研究了Al-11.1Zn-2.3Mg-2.0Cu-0.05Sc合金在应变速率10^(-3)s^(-1),变形温度653~733 K条件下的热流变及动态再结晶行为,建立动态再结晶临界应力、临界应变、相对含量、晶粒平均尺寸的拟合方程。结果表明:相关特征参数的拟合方程可以较好地描述含钪铝合金在实验条件范围内的动态再结晶行为。变形温度的升高会增加晶粒内部的取向差,减弱晶粒沿法向的择优取向,有助于动态再结晶的发生。动态回复是含钪铝合金的主要软化机制。随着温度的变化,铝合金微观组织存在不连续动态、连续动态及几何动态三种再结晶机制。

TC6钛合金高温低应变速率变形行为研究

通过Thermecmastor-Z100kN热模拟试验机对TC6钛合金在变形温度为900~945℃、应变速率为0.000 1~0.1 s^(-1)、变形量为70%条件下的高温变形行为进行研究。结果表明,变形温度越高,合金中初生α相向β相转变的越充分,而应变速率对初生α相的含量影响不大;应变速率为0.000 1 s^(-1)、不同变形温度条件下,由于变形时间过长,材料充分发生动态再结晶,致使晶粒不断长大粗化;TC6钛合金在应变速率为0.000 1~0.01 s^(-1)发生连续动态再结晶,而当应变速率为0.1 s^(-1)时则发生不连续动态再结晶。因此,适合TC6钛合金的热变形工艺参数范围:变形温度为915~945℃,应变速率为0.001~0.1 s^(-1)。

高强度锚杆用钢低速拉伸性能

煤炭开发深度的增加对巷道支护锚杆的强度提出了更高要求.作者研究了可用作煤巷高强度锚杆的热轧和调质20MnSi钢及0.63C 1.75Si 1.68Mn奥氏体 贝氏体双相钢室温下的低速拉伸性能.当应变速率由4.6×10-4s-1降至4.6×10-6s-1时,热轧和调质20MnSi钢的σ0.2分别降低约3.8%和1%,σb分别降低约3.3%和1%.当应变速率由4.6×10-3s-1降至4.6×10-6s-1时,奥 贝钢的δ5由14%～15%提高到22%左右;σ0.2由1015MPa提高到1198MPa;σb由1448MPa提高到1546MPa;拉伸后残留奥氏体量减少.研究结果对于在岩石蠕变条件下工作的煤巷锚杆的设计和使用以及开发超高强度锚杆具有参考价值.

Nb-V微合金钢凝固过程的热塑性

通过理论计算和热模拟试验对Nb-V微合金钢的热塑性进行了研究,并考察了微观偏析和析出物粒子对热塑性的影响。结果表明,S、P和O元素偏析主要发生在糊状区（固液两相区）,同时树枝晶间Fe（S,O）和（Fe,Mn,Si,Al）（S,O）类夹杂物的形成导致了热塑性恶化。在1000～975℃区间,Nb N粒子直径由20 nm减小到10 nm,粒子数量由23个/μm2上升到45个/μm2,断面收缩率迅速由82.36%下降到69.61%;在900～850℃区间,断面收缩率缓慢下降并伴随有铁素体膜逐渐变厚。温度小于975℃、高临界应力下容易发生晶间断裂,从而产生裂纹源。

热压缩Ti-4.5Al-3Mo-1V合金的流变应力行为

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机对Ti-4.5Al-3Mo-1V合金在α+β相区进行了等温热压缩实验,根据摩擦修正后的流变应力曲线,研究了此合金在α+β相区恒温压缩时的动态软化规律,分析了热变形参数对该合金流变应力的影响,并采用BP人工神经网络的方法建立了该合金高温变形抗力与应变、应变速率和温度对应关系的预测模型。结果表明:合金的流变应力曲线在低应变速率下达到极值后逐渐软化,在高应变速率下,出现极值后连续振动,然后再逐渐软化的现象;软化的主要机制为动态再结晶;流变应力随温度的升高和应变速率的减小而急剧降低;神经网络方法能够较精确地预测材料的流变应力。

Hot deformation behavior at low-rate strain of 316LN stainless steel

The study on hot deformation behavior of 316LN stainless steel at low-rate strain is very seldom at present. By sam-pling from industrial 316LN stainless steel and carrying out a compression heat deformation test by means of a Gleeble-3800 thermal simulation testing machine at a strain rate of 3×10^-3s^-1 and a deformation temperature of 600 - 1 100℃, true stress- strain curves are obtained. By analyzing the true stress-strain curves and microscopic structure of the samples, it can be conclu-ded that 1 000℃ and slightly higher temperature are suitable for low-rate strain processing of 316LN stainless steel.

“Abnormal transient creep” in fine-grained Al-5356 alloy observed at low strain rates by high-resolution strain measurement

Transient creep at very low strain rates （less than 10-10 s-1） is still unclear. The traditional uniaxial creep testing is less useful due to unsatisfied resolution strain （~10-6）. To study transient creep behavior at such low strain rates, a high-resolution strain measurement using the helicoid spring specimen technique was employed in a fine-grained Al-5356 alloy at temperatures ranging from 0.47Tm to 0.74Tm （Tm： melting point）. To clarify transient creep mechanism at such low strain rates, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） was used in microstructure observation of crept specimens. The abnormal transient creep, high temperature strengthening at T〉Tp （Tp： the phase transformation temperature, 0.58Tm） or intermediate temperature softening at 0.4Tm〈T￡Tp and double-normal type （creep curves including double work-hardening stages） at T=Tp, were firstly observed. The substructure observation in a crept specimen at T=0.58Tm and e=1×10-4 shows pile-up dislocations including many small jogs with equal interval, and dislocations emitted from grain boundaries. The b-Al3Mg2 phase dissolves under the condition of testing temperatures higher than 523 K, which causes solid-solution quantity of Mg atoms to increase. Therefore, the “abnormal transient creep” may be related to the difference of solid solution strengthening caused by phase change during the creep tests.

Dynamic modeling of twin roll casting AZ41 magnesium alloy during hot compression processing

A dynamic material model of Mg-4.51Al-1.19Zn-0.5Mn-0.5Ca(AZ41,mass fraction,%)magnesium alloy was put forward.The results show that the dynamic material model can characterize the deformation behavior and microstructure evolution and describe the relations among flow stress,strain,strain rates and deformation temperatures.Statistical analysis shows the validity of the proposed model.The model predicts that lower deformation temperature and higher strain rate cause the sharp strain hardening. Meanwhile,the flow stress curve turns into a steady state at high temperature and lower strain rate.The moderate temperature of 350 ℃and strain rate of 0.01 s-1 are appropriate to this alloy.

Subtransus deformation mechanisms of TC11 titanium alloy with lamellar structure

Isothermal compression tests are applied to study the deformation mechanisms of TCll titanium alloy with lamellar structure under the deformation temperature range of 890-995 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.01-10 s^-1. According to the flow stress data obtained by compression tests, the deformation activations are calculated based on kinetics analysis of high temperature deformation, which are then used for deformation mechanism analysis combined with microstructure investigation. The results show that deformation mechanisms vary with deformation conditions： at low strain rate range, the deformation mechanism is mainly dislocation slip; at low temperature and high strain rate range, twinning is the main mechanism; at high temperature and high strain rate range, the deformation is mainly controlled by diffusion offl phase.

Flow behavior and fracture of Al−Mg−Si alloy at cryogenic temperatures

The tensile and fracture behaviors of AA6061 alloy were investigated in order to provide quantitative data about this alloy at cryogenic temperatures.Specimens of AA6061 alloy were solution heat treated before tensile tests at 298,173 and 77 K and tested at strain rates in the range from 0.1 to 0.0001 s^(−1).The results indicate the suppression of the Portevin−Le Chatelier(PLC)effect and dynamic strain aging(DSA)at 77 K.In contrast,at 298 K,a remarkable serrated flow,characteristic of the PLC effect,is observed.Furthermore,the tensile behavior at 77 K,compared with that observed at 173 and 298 K,shows a simultaneous increase in strength,uniform elongation,modulus of toughness,strain-hardening exponent and strain rate sensitivity,which is related to a decrease in the dynamic recovery rate at low temperature.These responses are reflected on the fracture morphology,since the dimple size decreases at 77 K,while the area covered by dimples increases.Comparisons of the Johnson−Cook model show that a good agreement can be obtained for tests at 173 and 77 K,in which DSA is suppressed.

Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V合金塑性流动失稳预测

对Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V合金进行等温恒应变速率压缩试验,利用压缩试验数据对比Prasad失稳准则和唯象型失稳准则,发现2种准则均预测出合金在应变速率为0.32～10s-1范围内的塑性流动失稳现象,该失稳区随变形温度的降低具有逐渐向低应变速率范围扩展的趋势。经微观组织观察发现,Prasad准则不能预测到合金在750～800℃,0.001～0.0032s-1范围发生的局部流动和弯折失稳,而唯象型准则对合金在770～870℃、0.01～0.32s-1和900～950℃、0.32～3.16s-1区域出现的晶界裂纹、孔洞以及局部流动不能进行准确预测。结合2种准则的优缺点,提出预测合金塑性流动失稳的新方法。

铝合金等温精密锻造技术

等温精密锻造技术 等温精密锻造技术是在等温模锻基础上发展起来的一种先进的模锻工艺。其实质是将加热到锻造温度的毛坯置入加热到相同温度并保持不变的组合式精密锻模中，施加适当压力，保压一定时间．使毛坯以低应变速率完成锻造过程，从而得到符合各项技术要求的精密锻件。

氢分压对高压H2／Ar混合气氛中304型不锈钢的氢脆敏感性的影响

对304型不锈钢在室温混合气体中进行了低应变速率试验（SSRTs），混合气压力可以控制在最高为75MPa的不同等级，并测试了在不同的氢分压下试验钢材脆裂敏感性的差异。

Low strain rate compressive behavior of high porosity closed-cell aluminum foams

The impact of a rigid body(protected structure) together with cushion material(cellular metal foam) on hard ground from a fixed height was investigated.An analytical one-degree-of-freedom colliding model(ODF-CM) was established to analyze the protection ability and energy absorption by the foam under low velocity impact conditions.For validation,drop hammer experiments were carried out for high porosity closed-cell aluminum foam specimens subjected to low velocity impact loading.The dynamic deformation behavior of the specimen was observed and the velocity attenuation of the drop hammer was measured.The results demonstrated that the aluminum foam had excellent energy absorption capabilities,with its dynamic compressive behavior similar to that obtained under quasi-static loading conditions.Finite element method(FEM) was subsequently employed to obtain stress distributions in the foam specimen.As the propagating period of stress in the specimen was far less than the duration of attenuation,the evolution of the stress was similar to that under quasi-static loading conditions and no obvious stress wave effect was observed,which agreed with the experimental observation.Finally,the predicted velocity attenuation by the ODF-CM was compared with both the experimental measurements and FEM simulation,and good agreements were achieved when the stress distribution was considered to be uniform and the "quasi-static" compressive properties are employed.

Rate-dependent constitutive model of poly(ethylene terephthalate) for dynamic analysis

Uniaxial tensile testing at strain rates ranging from 10-3 to 10-1 s-1 was carried out to study the rate-dependent me-chanical behavior for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) used in the packaging industry. The experimental results show that a rate-dependent plastic behavior exists for PET material. The value of the yield strength was found to increase with the increasing strain rate. A new constitutive model based on the improved Cowper-Symonds rate-dependent constitutive model is proposed to describe the mechanical behavior of PET material in the strain rate ranging from 10-3 to 10-1 s-1, providing more accurate material data for the subsequent simulation analysis of drop test and dynamic buckling. The predictions obtained using the proposed model are compared with experimental results of the improved Cowper-Symonds model. The simulating results of the proposed model agree well with the experimental data. For a low strain rate, the predictions of this model are more precise than those obtained using the improved Cowper-Symonds model. This confirms that the new constitutive model is suitable for describing the me-chanical behavior of PET material at a low strain rate and modeling impact problem.