文章基于1992~2022年万山国家站及万山区各乡镇(街道)的冻雨日数与气象要素指标,分析冻雨的时空特征。结果表明:1992~2022年万山站冻雨日数呈显著的减少趋势,以2012年冻雨日数最多,为62 d,2017年与2021年冻雨日数最少,均为9 d。冻雨日...文章基于1992~2022年万山国家站及万山区各乡镇(街道)的冻雨日数与气象要素指标,分析冻雨的时空特征。结果表明:1992~2022年万山站冻雨日数呈显著的减少趋势,以2012年冻雨日数最多,为62 d,2017年与2021年冻雨日数最少,均为9 d。冻雨日数集中分布在每年的1月、2月与12月份,以1月份最多。万山区各年冬季冻雨强度存在较大差异,万山区冬季冻雨空间分布特征和时间演变规律主要受海拔高度、相对高度、迎风坡和背风坡、静止锋区、冷空气厚度和不同高度冷空气活动等因素的影响。Based on the freezing rain days and meteorological indicators of Wanshan National Station and towns (streets) in Wanshan district from 1992 to 2022, this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics of freezing rain. The results show that the number of freezing rain days at Wanshan Station showed a significant decrease from 1992 to 2022, with the highest number of freezing rain days in 2012, which was 62 days, and the lowest number of freezing rain days in 2017 and 2021, both of which were 9 days. The number of freezing rain days is concentrated in January, February, and December each year, with January being the most frequent. There are significant differences in the intensity of winter freezing rain in Wanshan District over different years. The spatial distribution characteristics and temporal evolution of winter freezing rain in Wanshan District are mainly influenced by factors such as altitude, relative height, windward and leeward slopes, stationary front zone, cold air thickness, and cold air activity at different heights.展开更多
本文通过耦合AFWA(Air Force Weather Agency)冻雨参数化方案的WRF模式,对2020年冬季因暖锋引发的中国北方严重冻雨灾害个例进行了模拟,结果显示模式能够很好地模拟此次冻雨过程中降水相态的空间分布。通过分析暖锋的演变、水成物云微...本文通过耦合AFWA(Air Force Weather Agency)冻雨参数化方案的WRF模式,对2020年冬季因暖锋引发的中国北方严重冻雨灾害个例进行了模拟,结果显示模式能够很好地模拟此次冻雨过程中降水相态的空间分布。通过分析暖锋的演变、水成物云微物理特征以及降水相态的变化,得到:在辽宁中北部—吉林中东部地区,暖锋导致中低空形成“冷—暖—冷”的温度层结,该区冻雨形成机制以“冰相机制”为主,即高空的雪花落入大于0℃暖层内融化、再降落到次冻结层后形成冻雨。同时,发现存在高空无固态水成物、逆温层内暖雨下落到次冻结层在地面形成冻雨的现象,这种新机制被定义为“暖雨机制”,更多水成物垂直剖面与同期地面观测降水相态的比对,验证了新机制的存在,并解释了该机制形成的可能原因。为更深入理解冻雨形成机理以及北方冻雨的预报、预警提供科学支撑。展开更多
文摘文章基于1992~2022年万山国家站及万山区各乡镇(街道)的冻雨日数与气象要素指标,分析冻雨的时空特征。结果表明:1992~2022年万山站冻雨日数呈显著的减少趋势,以2012年冻雨日数最多,为62 d,2017年与2021年冻雨日数最少,均为9 d。冻雨日数集中分布在每年的1月、2月与12月份,以1月份最多。万山区各年冬季冻雨强度存在较大差异,万山区冬季冻雨空间分布特征和时间演变规律主要受海拔高度、相对高度、迎风坡和背风坡、静止锋区、冷空气厚度和不同高度冷空气活动等因素的影响。Based on the freezing rain days and meteorological indicators of Wanshan National Station and towns (streets) in Wanshan district from 1992 to 2022, this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics of freezing rain. The results show that the number of freezing rain days at Wanshan Station showed a significant decrease from 1992 to 2022, with the highest number of freezing rain days in 2012, which was 62 days, and the lowest number of freezing rain days in 2017 and 2021, both of which were 9 days. The number of freezing rain days is concentrated in January, February, and December each year, with January being the most frequent. There are significant differences in the intensity of winter freezing rain in Wanshan District over different years. The spatial distribution characteristics and temporal evolution of winter freezing rain in Wanshan District are mainly influenced by factors such as altitude, relative height, windward and leeward slopes, stationary front zone, cold air thickness, and cold air activity at different heights.
文摘本文通过耦合AFWA(Air Force Weather Agency)冻雨参数化方案的WRF模式,对2020年冬季因暖锋引发的中国北方严重冻雨灾害个例进行了模拟,结果显示模式能够很好地模拟此次冻雨过程中降水相态的空间分布。通过分析暖锋的演变、水成物云微物理特征以及降水相态的变化,得到:在辽宁中北部—吉林中东部地区,暖锋导致中低空形成“冷—暖—冷”的温度层结,该区冻雨形成机制以“冰相机制”为主,即高空的雪花落入大于0℃暖层内融化、再降落到次冻结层后形成冻雨。同时,发现存在高空无固态水成物、逆温层内暖雨下落到次冻结层在地面形成冻雨的现象,这种新机制被定义为“暖雨机制”,更多水成物垂直剖面与同期地面观测降水相态的比对,验证了新机制的存在,并解释了该机制形成的可能原因。为更深入理解冻雨形成机理以及北方冻雨的预报、预警提供科学支撑。
