In pursuit of low-cost direct formic acid fuel cells,tungsten carbide(WC)supported Pd catalyst is considered as an ideal candidate for efficient decomposition of formic acid due to low Pd utilization and excellent per...In pursuit of low-cost direct formic acid fuel cells,tungsten carbide(WC)supported Pd catalyst is considered as an ideal candidate for efficient decomposition of formic acid due to low Pd utilization and excellent performance.Herein,different adsorption configurations and active sites of the intermediates,involved in the HCOOH decomposition,on WC(0001)-supported Pd monolayer(Pd/WC(0001))surface investigated by using density functional theory.The results reveal that trans-HCOOH,HCOO,cis-COOH,trans-COOH,HCO,CO,H2 O,OH and H exhibit chemisorption on Pd/WC(0001)surface,whereas cis-HCOOH and CO2 exhibit weak interactions with Pd/WC(0001)surface.In addition,the minimum energy pathways of HCOOH decomposition are analyzed to generate CO and CO2 due to the fracture of C–H,H–O and C–O bonds.The adsorbed HCOOH,HCOO,mH COO,cis-COOH and trans-COOH configurations exhibit dissociation rather than desorption.CO formation occurs through the decomposition of cis-COOH,trans-COOH and HCO,whereas the CO2 formation happens due to the decomposition of HCOO.It is found that the most favorable pathway for HCOOH decomposition on Pd/WC(0001)surface is HCOOH→HCOO→CO2,where the formation of CO2 from HCOO dehydrogenation determines the reaction rate.Overall,CO2 is the most dominant product of HCOOH decomposition on Pd/WC(0001)surface.The presence of WC,as monolayer Pd carrier,does not alter the catalytic behavior of Pd and significantly reduces the Pd utilization.展开更多
The hardness of tensor decomposition problem has many achievements, but limited applications in cryptography, and the tensor decomposition problem has been considered to have the potential to resist quantum computing....The hardness of tensor decomposition problem has many achievements, but limited applications in cryptography, and the tensor decomposition problem has been considered to have the potential to resist quantum computing. In this paper, we firstly proposed a new variant of tensor decomposition problem, then two one-way functions are proposed based on the hard problem. Secondly we propose a key exchange protocol based on the one-way functions, then the security analysis, efficiency, recommended parameters and etc. are also given. The analyses show that our scheme has the following characteristics: easy to implement in software and hardware, security can be reduced to hard problems, and it has the potential to resist quantum computing.Besides the new key exchange can be as an alternative comparing with other classical key protocols.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776259)Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Powder and Advanced Energy Materials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes,Chizhou University~~
文摘In pursuit of low-cost direct formic acid fuel cells,tungsten carbide(WC)supported Pd catalyst is considered as an ideal candidate for efficient decomposition of formic acid due to low Pd utilization and excellent performance.Herein,different adsorption configurations and active sites of the intermediates,involved in the HCOOH decomposition,on WC(0001)-supported Pd monolayer(Pd/WC(0001))surface investigated by using density functional theory.The results reveal that trans-HCOOH,HCOO,cis-COOH,trans-COOH,HCO,CO,H2 O,OH and H exhibit chemisorption on Pd/WC(0001)surface,whereas cis-HCOOH and CO2 exhibit weak interactions with Pd/WC(0001)surface.In addition,the minimum energy pathways of HCOOH decomposition are analyzed to generate CO and CO2 due to the fracture of C–H,H–O and C–O bonds.The adsorbed HCOOH,HCOO,mH COO,cis-COOH and trans-COOH configurations exhibit dissociation rather than desorption.CO formation occurs through the decomposition of cis-COOH,trans-COOH and HCO,whereas the CO2 formation happens due to the decomposition of HCOO.It is found that the most favorable pathway for HCOOH decomposition on Pd/WC(0001)surface is HCOOH→HCOO→CO2,where the formation of CO2 from HCOO dehydrogenation determines the reaction rate.Overall,CO2 is the most dominant product of HCOOH decomposition on Pd/WC(0001)surface.The presence of WC,as monolayer Pd carrier,does not alter the catalytic behavior of Pd and significantly reduces the Pd utilization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61303212,61170080,61202386)the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(Grant Nos.61332019,U1135004)+2 种基金the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91018008)Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program)(No.2014CB340600)the Hubei Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2011CDB453,2014CFB440)
文摘The hardness of tensor decomposition problem has many achievements, but limited applications in cryptography, and the tensor decomposition problem has been considered to have the potential to resist quantum computing. In this paper, we firstly proposed a new variant of tensor decomposition problem, then two one-way functions are proposed based on the hard problem. Secondly we propose a key exchange protocol based on the one-way functions, then the security analysis, efficiency, recommended parameters and etc. are also given. The analyses show that our scheme has the following characteristics: easy to implement in software and hardware, security can be reduced to hard problems, and it has the potential to resist quantum computing.Besides the new key exchange can be as an alternative comparing with other classical key protocols.
