发酵糠醛渣中生化腐植酸的提取工艺

[目的]考察发酵糠醛渣中生化腐植酸的最佳工艺条件。[方法]以发酵糠醛渣为原料,采用碱提酸析法提取生化腐植酸(BHA)。通过4因素4水平正交试验,考察固液比(发酵糠醛渣与水的质量比)、碱液浓度、提取温度、提取时间对生化腐植酸提取率的影响,再利用盐酸调节提取液的p H,使生化腐植酸沉淀析出,固液分离烘干后得到成品生化腐植酸。[结果]最佳的腐植酸提取工艺条件为碱提步骤固液比1∶8,碱液浓度8%,提取时间为2.5 h,提取温度为70℃,酸析步骤p H为2.5。得到腐植酸含量为76%的固体生化腐植酸成品,其提取率为49%。[结论]该研究可为糠醛渣废弃物的开发提供科学依据。

发酵糠醛渣中生化腐植酸的提取与表征

[目的]为了解决腐植酸的水溶性问题以及钠离子连续、长期在土壤中的累积对土壤环境带来的不利影响。[方法]以发酵糠醛渣为原料,采用碱溶酸析法提取生化腐植酸(BHA),考察固液比(糠醛渣与水的质量比)、碱液浓度、提取温度、提取时间对生化腐植酸含量的影响,并且通过红外光谱对其结构进行了表征。[结果]最佳的提取工艺条件为:固液比1∶7、碱液浓度6%KOH、提取时间1 h、提取温度70℃,此时生化腐植酸含量为8.5%。红外光谱分析表明,提取得到的生化腐植酸和商品腐植酸结构相似,但BHA官能团种类较多,分子量较小。[结论]该工艺生产操作简单,稳定可行,可用于提取生化腐植酸。利用BHA开发制备腐植酸类新型肥料有很好的发展前景。

利用糠醛渣制备含腐植酸螯合态水溶肥料的技术

利用微生物发酵技术,使糠醛渣中的纤维素等大分子有机物质降解为更有利于被植物吸收小分子有机物质如腐植酸。利用碱提酸析的原理,从糠醛渣中提取腐植酸,制成腐植酸钾过饱和溶液,进行浓缩后加入大量、中量、微量元素化合物和螯合剂,再通过蒸发浓缩结晶成螯合态含腐植酸水溶肥料。该技术利用糠醛行业的废渣废水和化工材料制备水溶肥,变废为宝,资源综合利用,使得糠醛行业做到零污染零排放,为糠醛企业的发展指明方向。

Extraction and Characterization of Biological Humic Acids from Fermented Furfural Residue

Objective] This study aimed to eliminate the negative effects brought about by continuous, long-term accumulation of sodium ions in soil on soil environ-ment. [Method] Biological humic acids （BHAs） were extracted from fermented furfural residue via alkali-dissolution and acidification. The effects of solid-liquid ratio （mass ratio of fermented furfural residue to water）, alkali concentration, extraction tempera-ture and extraction time on the content of BHA were investigated. Also its structure was characterized by FTIR. [Result] The optimal extraction conditions were as fol-lows： solid-liquid ratio of 1：7, KOH concentration of 6%, extraction temperature of 70℃ and extraction time of 1 h. Under the optimal conditions, the content of BHAs extracted was up to 8.5%. The infrared spectrum analysis indicated that BHA had more types of functional groups and lower molecular weight than commercial humic acid although they had similar structures. [Conclusion] The technique has the ad-vantages of simple operation and good stability, and is suitable for extracting BHAs. BHAs have a good prospect in developing new types of humic acid fertilizers.

Study on Extraction of Biological Humic Acids from Fermented Furfural Residue

[Objective] This study was conducted to obtain the optimal process for the preparation of biological humic acids （BHAs） from fermented furfural residue by al- kali-dissolution and acidification. [Method] BHAs were extracted from fermented furfural residue by the alkali-dissolution and acidification method, to investigate the effects of solid-liquid ratio （mass ratio of fermented furfural residue to water）, alkali concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time on the extraction rate of BHAs by an orthogonal experiment, and then a solid BHA product was obtained by acidification of its extract followed by solid-liquid separation and oven-drying. [Result] The results showed that the optimal extracting conditions were as follows： solid-liquid ratio of 1：8, alkali concentration of 8% KOH, with extracting temperature at 70℃ and extracting time of 2.5 h in the alkali-dissolution step, and in the acidification step, the pH of the BHA mixture was 2.5. Under the optimal conditions, the content of solid BHAs was 76%, and the extraction rate of BHAs was 49%. [Conclusion] This study provides a theoretical basis for the separation and purification of BHAs from fermented furfural residue by the alkali dissolution and acidification method.