基于小波变形分析模型

讨论了小波及其特性， 针对目前变形分析模型不足， 建立了基于小波分析的变形分析实用模型， 该模型对变形进行滤波， 从而可揭示变形规律； 提出了基于小波局部特征分析模型， 通过取不同参数， 该模型既适用于分析变形过程整体特征， 还适用于分析动态变形， 而且对多种不同周期变形可进行有效分离。

预制拼装钢管混凝土自复位桥墩变形分析模型及验证

为进一步推广可恢复功能的预制装配式桥梁结构体系在中、高烈度区的应用,提出了一种内置耗能钢筋的预制拼装钢管混凝土(Concrete-Filled Steel Tube,CFST)自复位桥墩。首先阐述其基本力学特性,并基于桥墩的变形行为(弯曲变形、剪切变形、刚体转动)和非线性变形特征(消压极限状态、等效屈服极限状态、可恢复设计极限状态),考虑底部耗能钢筋和混凝土变形不协调引起的应变渗透效应,利用“图乘法”和“修正的等效悬臂梁理论”,提出了一种不需要迭代的变形分析模型,并与循环往复加载试验、已有变形分型模型和OpenSees开发的纤维模型进行了对比。结果表明,该文提出的变形分析模型与拟静力试验得到的消压承载力、等效屈服承载力和可恢复设计极限承载力分别相差7.02%、6.38%和11.06%,可以略保守地准确预测预制拼装CFST自复位桥墩的各阶段载荷-变形关系曲线,为新型结构设计提供参考。

大型储油罐上水试验变形分析模型建立

结合盘锦港 2 #罐区新建中的四个 30 0 0方贮油罐在上水试验中的实际观测成果进行分析和比较 ,建立大罐上水沉降模型拟合及对预测结果进行检验 ,从而归纳出变形的一般表达公式并指导同类工程的施工、检测。

出砂井射孔套管变形分析及射孔参数优化

针对出砂井因上覆地层沉降与射孔段地层空洞而导致的射孔套管变形问题,采用有限元分析软件,建立考虑上覆地层位移与出砂空洞的射孔套管变形分析模型,采用经典Lame公式验证模型的正确性,分析射孔孔眼密度、孔径和射孔相位角对射孔套管变形的影响。结果表明:出砂井射孔套管在轴向载荷作用下的变形不同于在径向挤压作用下的变形,微小的上覆地层位移就能导致射孔套管发生大变形;当射孔孔眼密度为25~30 m^(-1),孔径为13~15 mm,相位角为45°、60°或90°时,能够有效减小上覆地层位移造成的射孔套管变形。

裂隙岩体非饱和水力应力耦合的不连续介质模型研究

目前对于裂隙岩体饱和水力应力耦合的研究取得了一些进展,但在很多工程领域不能简单地采用饱和渗流分析,而是要考虑岩体饱和–非饱和渗流、应力耦合作用对工程岩体的强度和稳定性的重要影响。因此在总结众多学者对裂隙岩体水力耦合研究成果的基础上,根据DDA力学计算和非饱和渗流计算原理,提出了基于非连续介质方法的——DDA方法的非饱和水力应力耦合模型;并给出了降雨入渗工况下的边坡水力耦合算例。计算结果表明,边坡稳定性随着降雨入渗时间的增加而减小,降雨强度越大,边坡稳定系数的降幅越大;考虑水力耦合时的边坡稳定性要小于不考虑水力耦合时的边坡稳定性,且在同一时刻,若降雨强度越大,考虑水力耦合与不考虑水力耦合的稳定系数差值越大。仿真试验和工程应用表明其计算成果是符合实践规律的,由此说明了所提出的水力耦合模型能正确反映裂隙岩体的水力学特性,验证了该模型是可行有效的,可付诸于实践。

Application of neural network merging model in dam deformation analysis

In order to improve the prediction accuracy and test the generalization ability of the dam deformation analysis model, the back-propagation（BP） neural network model for dam deformation analysis is studied, and the merging model is built based on the neural network BP algorithm and the traditional statistical model. The three models mentioned above are calculated and analyzed according to the long-term deformation observation data in Chencun Dam. The analytical results show that the average prediction accuracies of the statistical model and the BP neural network model are ~ 0.477 and ＋- 0.390 mm, respectively, while the prediction accuracy of the merging model is ~0. 318 mm, which is improved by 33% and 18% compared to the other two models, respectively. And the merging model has a better generalization ability and broad applicability.

汶川MS8.0大震前后鲜水河断裂带滑动及其西部地壳形变的动态变化

基于鲜水河断裂带及邻近区域GPS资料,以发生汶川MS8.0大震的2008年为时间节点,利用视错动变形系统分析模型研究了鲜水河断裂带及邻区不同时段的滑动与区域形变活动特征,结果表明:汶川大震前后鲜水河断裂带构造活动的动态变化是显著的,其西部地区地壳形变的动态变化也较清晰,这些不仅说明了汶川大震的孕育在较大的空间范围存在不同特征的形变与构造活动,同时其西部地区也存在着疑似断裂带形变中心的地壳动态变化,这可能与特定的构造和动力环境密切相关,为我们识别大震前兆提供了更多的可能。

Frictional contact algorithm study on the numerical simulation of large deformations in deep soft rock tunnels

There exist three types of nonlinear problems in large deformation processes of deep softrock engineering, i.e., nonlin- earity caused by material, geometrical and contact boundary. In this paper, the numerical method to tackle the nonlinear eontact and large deformation problem in A Software on Large Deformation Analysis for Soft Rock Engineering at Great Depth was presented. In the software, based on Lagrange multiplier method and Coulomb friction law, kinematic constraints on contact boundaries were introduced in functional function, and the finite element equations was established for two incremental large deformation analyses models, polar decomposition model and additive decomposition model. For every incremental loading step, by searching for the contact points in the potential contact interfaces （the excavation boundaries）, the Lagrange multipliers, i.e., contact forces are cal- culated iteratively by Gauss-Seidel method, and justified through satisfy the inequalities of static constraint on contact boundaries. With the software, large deformation and frictional contact of a transport roadway were analyzed numerically by the two models. The numerical examples demonstrated the efficiency of the method used in the software.

Development of analysis model for geometric error in turning processes

A finite element model was established for analyzing the geometric errors in turning operations and a two-step analyzing process was proposed. In the first analyzing step, the cutting force and the cutting heat for the cutting conditions were obtained using the AdvantEdge. Also, the deformation of a workpiece was estimated in the second step using the ANSYS. The deformation was analyzed for a 150 mm-long workpiece at three different measuring points, such as 10, 70 and 130 mm from a reference point, and the amounts of the deformation were compared through experiments. /n the results of the comparison and analysis, the values obtained from these comparison and analysis represent similar tendencies. Also, it is verified that their geometric errors increase with the increase in temperature. In addition, regarding the factors that affect the deformation of a workpiecc, it can be seen that the geometric error in the lathe is about 15%, the error caused by the cutting force is about 10%, and the deformation caused by the heat is about 75%.

Prediction on hot deformation behavior of spray-formed 7055 aluminum alloy via phenomenological models

Hot compression tests in the temperature range of 340-450 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.001-1 s^-1 of spray-formed 7055 aluminum alloy were carried out to study its hot deformation behavior. Three phenomenological models including Johnson-Cook, modified Fields-Backofen and Arrhenius-type were introduced to predict the flow stresses during the compression process. And then, a comparative predictability of the phenomenological models was estimated in terms of the relative errors, correlation coefficient（R）, and average absolute relative error（AARE）. The results indicate that Johnson-Cook model and modified Fields-Backofen model cannot well predict the hot deformation behavior due to the large deviation in the process of line regression fitting. Arrhenius-type model obtains the best fit through combining the effect of strain rate and temperature.

Parameter Variations of Identified Model for Static Deformation Analysis of Arch Dam

The structural health monitoring of a dam is important for maintaining the safe operation and longevity of the dam system. The structural health of a large dam can be monitored from the measured static deformation. This paper presents an investigation of the parameter variations of the identified model of the measured long-term static deformation for the structural health monitoring of Fui-Tsui Dam, which is located in a very active seismic zone of Taiwan. The measured static deformation is characterized as a function of the measured physical parameters, including the effects of hydrostatic pressure and temperature variation. The identified parameters, associated with the effects of hydrostatic pressure and temperature variation, change with environmental factors, such as flooding, earthquake and foundation change.

Analytical solution for stress and deformation of the mining floor based on integral transform

Following exploitation of a coal seam, the final stress field is the sum of in situ stress field and an excavation stress field. Based on this feature, we firstly established a mechanics analytical model of the mining floor strata. Then the study applied Fourier integral transform to solve a biharmonic equation,obtaining the analytical solution of the stress and displacement of the mining floor. Additionally, this investigation used the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion to determine the plastic failure depth of the floor strata. The calculation process showed that the plastic failure depth of the floor and floor heave are related to the mining width, burial depth and physical–mechanical properties. The results from an example show that the curve of the plastic failure depth of the mining floor is characterized by a funnel shape and the maximum failure depth generates in the middle of mining floor; and that the maximum and minimum principal stresses change distinctly in the shallow layer and tend to a fixed value with an increase in depth. Based on the displacement results, the maximum floor heave appears in the middle of the stope and its value is 0.107 m. This will provide a basis for floor control. Lastly, we have verified the analytical results using FLAC3 Dto simulate floor excavation and find that there is some deviation between the two results, but their overall tendency is consistent which illustrates that the analysis method can well solve the stress and displacement of the floor.

Effective grouting area of jointed slope and stress deformation responses by numerical analysis with FLAC^(3D)

To study the grouting reinforcement mechanism in jointed rock slope, first, the theoretical deduction was done to calculate the critical length of slipping if the slope angle is larger than that of joint inclination; Second, the numerical calculation model was founded by FLAG^3D, so as to find the stress and deformation responses of rock mass in the state before and after grouting, the analysis results show that the range between the boundary of critical slipping block and the joint plane that passes the slope toe is the effective grouting area （EGA）. After excavation, large deformation occurs along the joint plane. After grouting, the displacements of rock particles become uniform and continuous, and large deformations along the joint plane are controlled; the dynamic displacement can re- flect the deformation response of slope during excavation in the state before and after grouting, as well as the shear location of potential slip plane. After grouting, the dynamic displacement of each monitoring point reaches the peak value with very few time steps, which indicate that the parameters of the joint plane, such as strength and stiffness, are improved; the stress field becomes uniform. Tensile area reduces gradually; whole stability of the slope and its ability to resist tensile and shear stress are improved greatly.

Numerical analysis of methane migration from floor strata to a longwall face

A two-dimensional numerical mine strata in the vicinity of seam 349 in model of a large （1 000 m× 200 m） section of Iongwall panel 802 in part B of the Murcki Colliery in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland, was built using the Universal Distinct Element Code UDEC. Longwall extraction of seam 349 with roof caving was simulated in the model over a length of 450 m. Mining-induced changes in displacements, strains and stresses in the mine strata were investigated. Under the assumptions that （1） methane-bearing strata occur 15.6 m beneath seam 349 and include seam 350 and the strata lying beneath, and （2） the methane reservoir pressure is equal to 2 MPa, a fully coupled mechanical hydraulic analysis was performed in which joint conductivity was dependent on the mechanical deformation and, conversely, the mechanical behavior of rock masses was affected by joint fluid pressure. It was shown that migration of methane from coal seams lying beneath the mined seam is possible under conditions where the floor strata deform to a great extent, undergo separation, fracture and break into blocks.

Deformation Analysis of LRC Underground Gas Storage

The risk during construction and in the operation of the underground gas storage （UGS） was analyzed. One of most important risk which should be prevented is large deformation or destruction of the steel lining. The specific deformation of the steel lining needs to be inside the acceptable value. This paper presents lined rock cavern （LRC） concept and specific deformations, which can occur under operation of underground gas storage. Analysis is performed with different （3D model and axis symmetrical） FEM models and analytical model. We made a comparison between analytical calculation and FEM calculation. Concrete wall is mechanically not regarded as reinforced concrete structure which means that concrete will crack. Finally, we determined the minimum value of Young＇s modulus, which satisfies the condition of maximum deformation of steel lining.

An improved three-dimensional spherical DDA model for simulating rock failure

In this paper, a discontinuous numerical model, namely SDDARF3D(three-dimensional spherical discontinuous deformation analysis for rock failure), is proposed for simulating the whole process of rock failure. Firstly, within the framework of the classical discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA) method, the formulation of three-dimensional spherical DDA(3D SDDA) is deduced; secondly, a bonding and cracking algorithm is constructed and the SDDARF3 D model is proposed; thirdly, corresponding VC++ calculation code is developed and some verification examples are calculated. The simulated results can intuitively reproduce the failure phenomena of rock mass, indicating that the proposed SDDARF3 D numerical model is correct and effective.

Spatial and temporal variability of sea ice deformation rates in the Arctic Ocean observed by RADARSAT-1

Sea ice deformation parameters are important for elucidation of the properties and characteristics of ice-ocean models.Observations of sea ice motion over 11.5 year period(November 1996–April 2008) are used to calculate ice motion divergence and shear rates, and thus, to construct total deformation rate(TDR) estimates with respect to spatial and temporal variability in the Arctic Ocean. Strong sea ice deformation signal(SDS) rates are identified when TDR>0.01 day^(-1), and very strong SDS events,when TDR>0.05 day^(-1). These calculations are based on measurements made by the RADARSAT-1 Geophysical Processer System(RGPS). Statistical analysis of the SDS data suggest the following features:(1) Mean SDS and the SDS probability distributions are larger in "low latitudes" of the Arctic Ocean(less than 80°N) than in "high latitudes"(above 80°N), in both summer and winter;(2) very high SDS probabilities distributions and mean SDS values occur in coastal areas, e.g. the East Siberian Sea, Chukchi Sea and Beaufort Sea;(3) areas with relatively low TDR values, in the range from 0.01 day^(-1) to 0.05 day^(-1), cover much of the Arctic Ocean, in summer and winter;(4) of the entire TDR dataset, 45.89% belong to SDS, with summer the SDS percentage, 59.06%,and the winter SDS percentage, 40.50%. Statistically, the summer mean SDS, SDS percentage and very strong SDS are larger than corresponding values in the winter for each year, and show slight increasing tendencies during the years from 1997 to 2007.These results suggest important constraints for accurate simulations of very strong SDS in ice-ocean models.