本文从“笑话”的词义演变过程推导出“笑话”在特定语境中具有的隐性否定义是由“笑”的义项“讥笑、嘲笑”传达的。“笑话”具有语用标记语功能,是表示对对方言域或行域的否定,语义否定和语用否定共同促成了“笑话”对对方言语行为的...本文从“笑话”的词义演变过程推导出“笑话”在特定语境中具有的隐性否定义是由“笑”的义项“讥笑、嘲笑”传达的。“笑话”具有语用标记语功能,是表示对对方言域或行域的否定,语义否定和语用否定共同促成了“笑话”对对方言语行为的强语力否定,其显现出的负面语义层次构建了一个相对完整的连续统:不理解 This article deduces that the implicit negative meaning of “joke” in specific contexts is conveyed by the sense of “laughter” as “ridicule” or “mockery” through the evolution of the meaning of the word “joke”. “Joke” has the function of semantic marker, which is to express the negation of the dialectal domain or behavioral domain. Semantic negation and pragmatic negation together contribute to the strong linguistic negation of the other party’s verbal behavior, and the negative semantic hierarchy it reveals builds up a relatively complete continuum: incomprehension < disapproval < opposition < rebuke. The stance marker “joke” mainly plays the functions of interpersonal interaction and stance expression in the discourse. When the negative force level of “joke” is lower and closer to the left side of the continuum, it embodies a stronger function of interpersonal interaction, and is more used to enhance interpersonal relations and social interaction;the closer to the right side of the continuum, the stronger the stance-expression function it embodies, and the more it is used to express one’s personal stance and opinions. The negative stance marker “joke” expresses a negative stance, and the strength of its negative meaning varies depending on the subjective point of view of the speaker. In addition, this paper argues that the strong negative semantics of “X words”, which are similar to “jokes”, cannot be separated from the cognitive metaphor and pragmatic reasoning, and that stance markers that express pragmatic negativity are biased towards respondents in the turn of the discourse, and must have a negating subject and a negating object exist.展开更多
文摘本文从“笑话”的词义演变过程推导出“笑话”在特定语境中具有的隐性否定义是由“笑”的义项“讥笑、嘲笑”传达的。“笑话”具有语用标记语功能,是表示对对方言域或行域的否定,语义否定和语用否定共同促成了“笑话”对对方言语行为的强语力否定,其显现出的负面语义层次构建了一个相对完整的连续统:不理解 This article deduces that the implicit negative meaning of “joke” in specific contexts is conveyed by the sense of “laughter” as “ridicule” or “mockery” through the evolution of the meaning of the word “joke”. “Joke” has the function of semantic marker, which is to express the negation of the dialectal domain or behavioral domain. Semantic negation and pragmatic negation together contribute to the strong linguistic negation of the other party’s verbal behavior, and the negative semantic hierarchy it reveals builds up a relatively complete continuum: incomprehension < disapproval < opposition < rebuke. The stance marker “joke” mainly plays the functions of interpersonal interaction and stance expression in the discourse. When the negative force level of “joke” is lower and closer to the left side of the continuum, it embodies a stronger function of interpersonal interaction, and is more used to enhance interpersonal relations and social interaction;the closer to the right side of the continuum, the stronger the stance-expression function it embodies, and the more it is used to express one’s personal stance and opinions. The negative stance marker “joke” expresses a negative stance, and the strength of its negative meaning varies depending on the subjective point of view of the speaker. In addition, this paper argues that the strong negative semantics of “X words”, which are similar to “jokes”, cannot be separated from the cognitive metaphor and pragmatic reasoning, and that stance markers that express pragmatic negativity are biased towards respondents in the turn of the discourse, and must have a negating subject and a negating object exist.
