有色金属固态回收技术的研究进展

有色金属固态回收避免了重熔,且回收率高、成本低及回收件力学性能优良,具有诱人的应用前景。介绍了有色金属固态回收技术的原理、特点,重点结合铝合金、镁合金的固态回收研究现状,详细介绍了常规挤压、轧制、循环塑性加工等固态回收技术的研究进展。最后对有色金属固态回收技术的研究和发展提出了一些建议。

球磨对固态再生AZ31组织性能的影响

将AZ31镁屑料作为原材料,经过球磨,以25:1挤压比,370℃下热挤压制备出了氧化镁弥散强化的镁合金材料。与传统的直接热挤压相比,球磨显著细化了镁屑料;在热挤压后,消除了直接热挤压材料中存在的氧化镁团聚现象,氧化镁颗粒均匀分布在基体中,提高了材料抗拉性能。

Mg-Gd-Y-Zr高强耐热镁合金的研究进展

Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金由于具有优异的室温、高温力学性能及抗蠕变性能而成为镁合金研究的热点。本文作者总结国内外Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金的研究进展,分析熔体纯净化技术开发现状、热变形行为、强化机制以及断裂机制,讨论Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金蠕变机理、腐蚀机理及表面处理技术的研究情况,并对Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金固态回收技术进行介绍,最后,对该合金未来的发展方向进行展望。

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy prepared by solid state recycling

Machined chips of Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy were consolidated by cold pressing and then hot extrusion under various processing temperatures and extrusion ratios. The results show that the microstructure of the chip-extruded alloy is marked by a large number of recrystallized grains and some unrecrystallized grains, which results in high strength but low ductility at temperatures below 320 ℃. With increasing processing temperature up to 360 ℃, entirely recrystallized and equiaxed grains are obtained. Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy with low strength but high ductility is obtained compared with the alloy processed at low temperature. At 420℃, coarse and equiaxed grains are formed, which results in the drastic decrease of mechanical properties. With increasing extrusion ratio from 8 to 16, the grain refinement is more obvious and the mechanical properties at room temperature are improved effectively. However, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength are improved a little with further increasing extrusion ratio.

Recycling of minute metal scraps by semisolid processing:Manufacturing of design materials

As a new attempt to recycle minute metal scraps, the possibility of manufacturing design materials by semisolid extrusion processing was shown.A design material with an intended shape, such as a character or petal shape, was manufactured using minute metal scraps.Similarly, a design material with an intended color pattern for each metal, such as red copper in a white aluminum matrix, resembling grainlike wood, was manufactured by mixing two or more types of minute metal scrap.In addition, secondary design materials, which have engraved patterns on the surface of the target metal made by an electric discharge machine using the above primary design material as an electrode, were manufactured.

废铝屑回收利用技术进展

综述了废铝屑回收利用的技术进展。简要介绍了废铝屑的重熔精炼工艺,重点介绍了废铝屑的热挤压再生技术,探讨了热挤压复合材料的制备工艺及性能。

热轧工艺对不锈钢包覆铁屑复合板性能的影响

为了研究不锈钢与铁屑的复合性能,采用热轧方式,利用金属固态回收理念制备不锈钢包覆铁屑复合板。通过金相显微镜对不锈钢与铁屑的接触界面进行分析,采用剪切试验及拉伸试验对复合板进行性能测试,研究了热轧工艺条件对不锈钢和铁屑复合性能的影响。研究结果显示,较大单道次压下量仍未使两金属复合的原因是大压下量并不能使铁屑间孔洞完全消失,铁屑在宽展方向仍有流动空间。但当单道次压下量较小而累积压下量达到17 mm时,试件剪切强度为225 MPa,已达到国家规定。因此,一定的累积压下量是影响不锈钢与铁屑复合的关键因素之一。在铁屑中添加石墨粉可以改善材料的力学性能,提高轧后试件的抗拉强度和剪切强度,但会降低其伸长率。