【目的】目前驱避剂的作用机理研究还不理想,本研究从单个萜类驱避化合物分子与不同种类引诱气味分子同时相互缔合的角度入手,通过理论计算探究该缔合与蚊虫驱避作用的关系,从而为驱避作用机理研究提供新认识。【方法】利用Gaussian Vie...【目的】目前驱避剂的作用机理研究还不理想,本研究从单个萜类驱避化合物分子与不同种类引诱气味分子同时相互缔合的角度入手,通过理论计算探究该缔合与蚊虫驱避作用的关系,从而为驱避作用机理研究提供新认识。【方法】利用Gaussian View4.1和Gaussian03W软件构建和优化萜类驱避化合物单体、单体与引诱物L-乳酸及氨分子同时缔合后三分子缔合体的结构,获得其最低能量结构和缔合能;通过程序Ampac 8.16将前述结构导入到程序Codessa 2.7.10,计算各类结构描述符;再利用Codessa 2.7.10的启发式方法得到一系列缔合体结构描述符与驱避活性之间的定量关系模型,并通过转折点确定、模型验证后确定最佳定量关系计算模型。【结果】三分子缔合的缔合能基本上在20~50 kJ/mol的范围,所得最佳三参数定量计算模型的R2值为0.9098,包含的3个结构描述符分别是三分子缔合体的maximum nucleophilic reactivity index for a C atom,topographic electronic index（all bonds）[Zefirov’s PC]和exchange energy＋e-e repulsion for a H-O bond。【结论】萜类驱避化合物分子可同时与2个不同种类的引诱物分子发生缔合作用,该缔合作用符合氢键的能量基本特征;缔合体的碳原子最大原子核反应指数、所有键的拓扑电子指数、氢氧键电子间交换互斥能对驱避活性影响显著。这些结果初步说明萜类驱避化合物与引诱物三分子缔合作用确实存在,且该缔合作用对驱避活性具有显著影响,这为驱避机理的研究提供了新的理论依据。展开更多
【目的】为了探究驱避机理,此前选择萜类驱避化合物及与DEET（避蚊胺）具有类似结构的酰胺类驱避化合物,开展了驱避化合物与引诱气味组分（L-乳酸、羧酸等）缔合作用对驱避活性影响的研究。为了扩大驱避化合物的类型,本研究选择另外一...【目的】为了探究驱避机理,此前选择萜类驱避化合物及与DEET（避蚊胺）具有类似结构的酰胺类驱避化合物,开展了驱避化合物与引诱气味组分（L-乳酸、羧酸等）缔合作用对驱避活性影响的研究。为了扩大驱避化合物的类型,本研究选择另外一组43个酰胺类驱避化合物,计算了它们与蚊虫引诱物氨之间的双分子缔合作用,以及该缔合作用对驱避活性的影响,从而为驱避机理研究提供帮助。【方法】用Gaussian 03软件优化驱避化合物单体和双分子缔合体的三维结构式;通过Ampac和Codessa软件建立结构与驱避活性之间的定量构效关系模型。【结果】驱避化合物与氨分子的缔合距离、角度和缔合能量分别是2.2-3.0,128-180°和14-25 k J/mol;最佳四参数模型中R2为0.8987,其中2个参数来自驱避化合物单体,分别是（1/6）X GAMMA polarizability（DIP）和ESPminimum net atomic charge for an H atom,另外2个参数来自双分子缔合体,分别是ESP-DPSA-2 difference in CPSAs（PPSA2-PNSA2）[Quantum-Chemical PC]和Minimum valency of a C atom。模型检验中训练集和测试集的相关系数平方的平均值分别为0.9013和0.8666。【结论】驱避化合物与氨分子之间存在弱氢键力缔合作用,驱避化合物分子的极化度及其与氨分子之间的极性相互作用、缔合体中分子间键相互作用及其电荷分布均对驱避活性产生显著影响,说明双分子缔合对驱避活性具有显著影响。模型检验表明最佳四参数模型具有良好的稳定性和预测能力。本研究可为寻找新型蚊虫驱避剂和揭示蚊虫驱避剂的作用机理提供参考。展开更多
[ Objective] To clone the porcine interleukin-18（/L-18） cDNA and explore the immunological effectiveness of porcine IL-18 as an adjuvant of genetic vaccine. [ Method] The spleen lymphccytes were isolated from Henan ...[ Objective] To clone the porcine interleukin-18（/L-18） cDNA and explore the immunological effectiveness of porcine IL-18 as an adjuvant of genetic vaccine. [ Method] The spleen lymphccytes were isolated from Henan three-way cross-breeding pigs. According to the porcine IL-18 gene in GenBank, a pair of specific primers was designed. The full length cDNA of porcine IL-18 was amplified by RT-PCR. Subsequently, porcine IL-18 cDNA was cloned into pGEM-T vector and sequenced and analyzed. [ Result] The porcine IL-18 gene demonstrated an open reading frame of 579 bp encoding an inactive precursor protein with 192 amino acids. The precursor protein had no typical hydrophobic signal peptide and cleaved by interleukin-1 beta （IL-1β） converting enzyme（ICE） in caspase-1 splice site; the porcine mature protein had biological activity： After comparing with other porcine IL-18 genes, the nucleotide sequence homology was over 96% and the deduced amino acid homology was more than 98%. [ Conclusion] A full length procine IL-18 gene was gained. It lays the foundation for porcine IL-18 as an adjuvant of genetic vaccine.展开更多
Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antenn...Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antennae of Helicoverpa armigera. When mixed with sex pheromone (Ph), some volatiles, e.g. phenyl acetaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, methylsalicylate, linalool, benzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexenol, (Z)-3-hexenylacetate, (Z)-6-nonenol, cineole, (E)-2-hexenal, and geraniol elicited stronger responses from male antennae than Ph alone. Wind tunnel bioassay demonstrated that various volatiles could either enhance or inhibit the effect of synthetic sex pheromone. (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol and linalool in combination with Ph could not induce any male to land on source at all, whereas phenyl acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, (Z)-6-nonenol and salicylaldehyde combined with Ph enhanced male response rates by 58.63%, 50.33%, 51.85% and 127.78%, respectively, compared to Ph alone. These results suggested that some volatiles shouldmodify sex pheromone caused behavior and that some of them could possibly be used as a tool for disrupting mating or for enhancing the effect of synthetic sex pheromone in the field.展开更多
文摘【目的】目前驱避剂的作用机理研究还不理想,本研究从单个萜类驱避化合物分子与不同种类引诱气味分子同时相互缔合的角度入手,通过理论计算探究该缔合与蚊虫驱避作用的关系,从而为驱避作用机理研究提供新认识。【方法】利用Gaussian View4.1和Gaussian03W软件构建和优化萜类驱避化合物单体、单体与引诱物L-乳酸及氨分子同时缔合后三分子缔合体的结构,获得其最低能量结构和缔合能;通过程序Ampac 8.16将前述结构导入到程序Codessa 2.7.10,计算各类结构描述符;再利用Codessa 2.7.10的启发式方法得到一系列缔合体结构描述符与驱避活性之间的定量关系模型,并通过转折点确定、模型验证后确定最佳定量关系计算模型。【结果】三分子缔合的缔合能基本上在20~50 kJ/mol的范围,所得最佳三参数定量计算模型的R2值为0.9098,包含的3个结构描述符分别是三分子缔合体的maximum nucleophilic reactivity index for a C atom,topographic electronic index（all bonds）[Zefirov’s PC]和exchange energy＋e-e repulsion for a H-O bond。【结论】萜类驱避化合物分子可同时与2个不同种类的引诱物分子发生缔合作用,该缔合作用符合氢键的能量基本特征;缔合体的碳原子最大原子核反应指数、所有键的拓扑电子指数、氢氧键电子间交换互斥能对驱避活性影响显著。这些结果初步说明萜类驱避化合物与引诱物三分子缔合作用确实存在,且该缔合作用对驱避活性具有显著影响,这为驱避机理的研究提供了新的理论依据。
文摘【目的】为了探究驱避机理,此前选择萜类驱避化合物及与DEET（避蚊胺）具有类似结构的酰胺类驱避化合物,开展了驱避化合物与引诱气味组分（L-乳酸、羧酸等）缔合作用对驱避活性影响的研究。为了扩大驱避化合物的类型,本研究选择另外一组43个酰胺类驱避化合物,计算了它们与蚊虫引诱物氨之间的双分子缔合作用,以及该缔合作用对驱避活性的影响,从而为驱避机理研究提供帮助。【方法】用Gaussian 03软件优化驱避化合物单体和双分子缔合体的三维结构式;通过Ampac和Codessa软件建立结构与驱避活性之间的定量构效关系模型。【结果】驱避化合物与氨分子的缔合距离、角度和缔合能量分别是2.2-3.0,128-180°和14-25 k J/mol;最佳四参数模型中R2为0.8987,其中2个参数来自驱避化合物单体,分别是（1/6）X GAMMA polarizability（DIP）和ESPminimum net atomic charge for an H atom,另外2个参数来自双分子缔合体,分别是ESP-DPSA-2 difference in CPSAs（PPSA2-PNSA2）[Quantum-Chemical PC]和Minimum valency of a C atom。模型检验中训练集和测试集的相关系数平方的平均值分别为0.9013和0.8666。【结论】驱避化合物与氨分子之间存在弱氢键力缔合作用,驱避化合物分子的极化度及其与氨分子之间的极性相互作用、缔合体中分子间键相互作用及其电荷分布均对驱避活性产生显著影响,说明双分子缔合对驱避活性具有显著影响。模型检验表明最佳四参数模型具有良好的稳定性和预测能力。本研究可为寻找新型蚊虫驱避剂和揭示蚊虫驱避剂的作用机理提供参考。
基金Supported by Project of Basic and Frontier Technology Research in Henan Province(072300430060 )Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(072102130023)~~
文摘[ Objective] To clone the porcine interleukin-18（/L-18） cDNA and explore the immunological effectiveness of porcine IL-18 as an adjuvant of genetic vaccine. [ Method] The spleen lymphccytes were isolated from Henan three-way cross-breeding pigs. According to the porcine IL-18 gene in GenBank, a pair of specific primers was designed. The full length cDNA of porcine IL-18 was amplified by RT-PCR. Subsequently, porcine IL-18 cDNA was cloned into pGEM-T vector and sequenced and analyzed. [ Result] The porcine IL-18 gene demonstrated an open reading frame of 579 bp encoding an inactive precursor protein with 192 amino acids. The precursor protein had no typical hydrophobic signal peptide and cleaved by interleukin-1 beta （IL-1β） converting enzyme（ICE） in caspase-1 splice site; the porcine mature protein had biological activity： After comparing with other porcine IL-18 genes, the nucleotide sequence homology was over 96% and the deduced amino acid homology was more than 98%. [ Conclusion] A full length procine IL-18 gene was gained. It lays the foundation for porcine IL-18 as an adjuvant of genetic vaccine.
文摘Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antennae of Helicoverpa armigera. When mixed with sex pheromone (Ph), some volatiles, e.g. phenyl acetaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, methylsalicylate, linalool, benzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexenol, (Z)-3-hexenylacetate, (Z)-6-nonenol, cineole, (E)-2-hexenal, and geraniol elicited stronger responses from male antennae than Ph alone. Wind tunnel bioassay demonstrated that various volatiles could either enhance or inhibit the effect of synthetic sex pheromone. (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol and linalool in combination with Ph could not induce any male to land on source at all, whereas phenyl acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, (Z)-6-nonenol and salicylaldehyde combined with Ph enhanced male response rates by 58.63%, 50.33%, 51.85% and 127.78%, respectively, compared to Ph alone. These results suggested that some volatiles shouldmodify sex pheromone caused behavior and that some of them could possibly be used as a tool for disrupting mating or for enhancing the effect of synthetic sex pheromone in the field.
