高强TA18钛管微观织构对拉伸力学性能与弯曲成形性能影响研究

目的揭示高强钛管微观织构强度与宏观各向异性指标CSR值的定量关系,阐明微观织构对钛管拉伸力学性能与弯曲成形性能的影响,为高强钛管冷轧微观织构及性能精确调控奠定重要基础。方法选取不同轧制工艺条件下获得的高强钛管进行单向拉伸测试及EBSD表征,分析微观织构对管材拉伸力学性能的影响;选取具有典型微观织构分布状态和CSR值的高强钛管进行数控绕弯试验及成形质量测试。结果单向拉伸力学性能测试结果表明,当CSR值为0.65~2.43时,随着CSR值的增大,颈缩阶段管材的应变与整体伸长率不断增大;数控绕弯试验结果表明,当高强钛管CSR值从1.27提高到1.48时,其断裂前最大弯曲角度从20°提高到110°,当CSR值增大到1.71时,可以成功实现120°的弯曲,并且随着CSR值进一步增大到2.14,弯管件的截面畸变率和壁厚减薄率不断减小。结论建立了可以准确描述宏观CSR与微观织构强度指标之间定量关系的双曲函数表达式,高强钛管径向织构强度的增强会提升高强钛管变形过程中抗壁厚减薄的能力,并有利于管材弯曲成形质量的提升。

引线框架铜合金材料弯曲成形性能数值分析

结合有限元法分析了三种不同的高性能引线框架铜合金材料(Cu-Fe-P、Cu-Ni-Si、Cu-Cr-Sn-Zn)的弯曲成形过程,找出相应材料的最小弯曲半径值,比较它们的弯曲成形性能的优劣。结果表明,Cu-0.38Cr-0.17Sn-0.16Zn框架材料的弯曲成形性能最好,Cu-0.1Fe-0.03P次之,Cu-3.2Ni-0.75Si最差。

Ni/Co质量比对Cu-Ni-Co-Si合金组织和性能的影响

采用SEM、XRD和力学性能等测试手段研究了Ni/Co质量比对Cu-Ni-Co-Si合金组织和性能的影响,尤其是通过研究织构对Ni/Co质量比与弯曲成形性能的关系进行了分析。结果表明:较小的Ni/Co质量比能够促进合金发生回复和再结晶转变,并且可以细化铸态和峰时效态合金的晶粒。在RD方向上,Ni/Co质量比为1时合金再结晶织构的取向密度最小,主要含有R{124}〈211〉和Copper{112}〈111〉织构。在TD方向上,Ni/Co质量比为1.5时合金再结晶织构的取向密度最小,主要含有Copper{112}〈111〉、S{123}〈634〉和R{124}〈211〉织构。此外,Ni/Co质量比为1时合金具有最高的硬度、电导率和伸长率以及相对高的强度。通过理论计算发现,Ni/Co质量比为1时合金在RD方向上最容易发生塑性变形。弯折试验结果表明,Ni/Co质量比为1时合金具有最好的纵向(GW)弯曲成形性能,最小弯曲比为2.1,试验结果与计算结果一致。

Forming limit of textured AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet at different temperatures

Repeated unidirectional bending （RUB） was carried out to improve the texture of commercial AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets. All specimens were prepared in the rolling direction. The forming limit diagrams （FLDs） of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet were determined experimentally by conducting stretch-forming tests at room temperature, 100, 200 and 300 ℃ Compared with the as-received sheet, the lowest limited strain of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet with tilted texture in the FLD increased by 79% at room temperature and 104% at 100 ℃. The texture also affected the extension of the forming limit curves （FLC） in the FLD. However, the FLCs of two kinds of sheets almost overlapped at temperature above 200 ℃. It can be concluded that the reduction of （0002） texture intensity is effective to the improvement of formability not only at room temperature but also at low-and-medium temperature. The effect of texture on FLDs becomes weak with increasing temperature.

Influence of microstructure and texture on formability of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets

The effect of the repeated unidirectional bending （RUB） process and annealing on the formability of magnesium alloy sheets was investigated. The RUB process and annealing treatments produce two effects on microstructure： grain coarsening and weakening of the texture. The sheet that underwent RUB and was annealed at 300 ℃exhibits the best formability owing to the reduction of the （0002） basal texture intensity, which results in low yield strength, large fracture elongation, small Lankford value （r-value） and large strain hardening exponent （n-value）. Compared with the as-received sheet, the coarse-grain sheet produced by RUB and annealing at 400 ℃ exhibits lower tensile properties but higher formability. The phenomenon is because the deformation twin enhanced by grain coarsening can accommodate the strain of thickness.

Microstructure and formability evolutions of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets undergoing continuous bending process

Continuous bending (CB) process along rolling direction was performed to improve the formability of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets. The microstructure and texture evolutions were characterized by optical microscopy (OM) and electronic backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results reveal that the basal texture intensity of continuously bent and annealed (CBA) sample is drastically weakened. A large number of twins are induced on the concave surface by the 1st pass bending and the density of twins obviously declines during the 2nd pass bending owing to the occurrence of detwinning. Due to the asymmetric tension?compression strain states between the outer and inner regions during V-bending, twinning and detwinning are generated alternatively during the CB process. The Erichsen value is 5.2 mm which increases by 41% compared with that of as-received sample. This obvious improvement of formability can be attributed to the weakened basal texture, which leads to a smaller plastic strain ratio (r-value)together with a larger strain-hardening exponent (n-value).

Principle and theoretical analysis of continuous roll forming for three-dimensional surface parts

Continuous roll forming(CRF) is a novel forming process for three-dimensional surface parts,in which a pair of bendable forming rolls is used as sheet metal forming tool.By controlling the gap between the upper and lower forming rolls,sheet metal is non-uniformly extended in the longitudinal direction while it is bent in the transverse direction during the rolling process.As a result,longitudinal bending is gained and a doubly curved surface is formed.With the rotations of the forming rolls,the sheet metal is deformed consecutively,and a three-dimensional surface part is shaped continuously.In this paper,the mechanism of the three-dimensional surface formation in CRF is set forth.Through theoretical analysis of the CRF process,the governing equations for the bending deformation in rolling process are presented.Based on the simplification on the deformation and material model,the formulation to calculate the longitudinal bending deformation is derived,and the methods to design the compression ratio and the roll gap are given,the effects of compression ratio of rolling and the width of blank sheet on the longitudinal bending curvature are analyzed.The forming experiments on typical surface parts and measured results show that forming results with good precision can be obtained by CRF process.