多因子组合的地质灾害易发性空间精度验证

地质灾害的发生是多种因素相互作用、制约和触发的结果。长期以来,研究人员通过统计历史地质灾害所在区域的地质、地形、水文等环境因素预测未来地质灾害可能发生的位置、时间(或频率),即地质灾害易发性评价。地质灾害易发性评价前提工作是进行影响因子选取,而地质灾害发生的影响因子有数十种,是否叠加因子越多模型评价精度就越高?是否存在“最优因子数量”?这一简单而又关键的问题值得探讨。文章以四川省汶川县为例,选取11种广泛应用于地质灾害易发性评价的影响因子,按照4种排列组合模型,叠加3到11个因子信息量获得对应的地质灾害易发性指数分布图。运用成功率曲线确定线下面积值对各个结果进行预测精度评价。试验结果表明,按照初步设定的4种排列组合模型叠加因子数量到8个时,模型预测精度达到最大值;但在因子叠加过程中发现各个因子对于易发性的控制性与个人经验确定的控制性存在一定差异,按照实际因子控制性从大到小与从小到大排列组合后,叠加多个关键因子后模型预测精度才会达到峰值。研究成果表明,地质灾害易发性评价中叠加的因子数量越多,模型预测精度越高,叠加过程中如未加入关键因子,模型预测精度将不会达到峰值,说明地质灾害易发性评价不存在“最优因子数量”。

刺梨果实不同发育时期转录组分析及RACE法克隆CNR基因

为研究刺梨果实不同发育期的差异表达基因,对不同发育期果实进行转录组测序。结果表明,共组装了98752个单基因,其中有64003个基因可被数据库注释。Ⅰ期vsⅡ期有上调基因1842个,下调基因1159个;Ⅰ期vsⅢ期有上调基因911个,下调基因538个。刺梨果实不同时期的基因表达差异较大,这些基因表达差异为探索刺梨果实发育机制提供参考。CNR基因即细胞数量调控因子,是一个植物的细胞数量负调控因子,可能调控果实发育。本研究利用RACE技术克隆得到一个刺梨CNR基因的cDNA全长序列,并构建真核表达载体,为后续深入研究基因功能提供基础。

Ecological environmental quality evaluation and driving factor analysis of the Lijiang River Basin,based on Google Earth Engine

For regional ecological management,it is important to evaluate the quality of ecosystems and analyze the underlying causes of ecological changes.Using the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform,the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)was calculated for the Lijiang River Basin in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for 1991,2001,2011,and 2021.Spatial autocorrelation analysis was employed to investigate spatiotemporal variations in the ecological environmental quality of the Lijiang River Basin.Furthermore,geographic detectors were used to quantitatively analyze influencing factors and their interaction effects on ecological environmental quality.The results verified that:1)From 1991 to 2021,the ecological environmental quality of the Lijiang River Basin demonstrated significant improvement.The area with good and excellent ecological environmental quality in proportion increased by 19.69%(3406.57 km^(2)),while the area with fair and poor ecological environmental quality in proportion decreased by 10.76%(1860.36 km^(2)).2)Spatially,the ecological environmental quality of the Lijiang River Basin exhibited a pattern of low quality in the central region and high quality in the periphery.Specifically,poor ecological environmental quality characterized the Guilin urban area,Pingle County,and Lingchuan County.3)From 1991 to 2021,a significant positive spatial correlation was observed in ecological environmental quality of the Lijiang River Basin.Areas with high-high agglomeration were predominantly forests and grasslands,indicating good ecological environmental quality,whereas areas with low-low agglomeration were dominated by cultivated land and construction land,indicating poor ecological environmental quality.4)Annual average precipitation and temperature exerted the most significant influence on the ecological environmental quality of the basin,and their interactions with other factors had the great influence.This study aimed to enhance understanding of the evolution of the ecological environment in the Lijiang River Basin of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and provide scientific guidance for decision-making and management related to ecology in the region.

改进DWA算法的移动机器人避障研究

针对传统动态窗口法(DWA)在稠密障碍物区域存在最优路径难以选取及生成路径不平滑等问题,提出了一种改进的DWA移动机器人避障算法。基于微分流形切向量选取与障碍物不相交的机器人预轨迹,引入障碍物数量因子与方向角变化因子来改进评价函数,提高机器人在障碍物密集区域运行的安全性,使用改进后的评价函数对选取的轨迹进行评价,进而确定最优轨迹对应的速度。通过多组仿真实验对比表明:改进的DWA算法在障碍物密集区域能规划出更合理、平滑的运行路径,在保证了机器人安全性的同时还具有更好的避障效果。

基于改进TOPSIS决策方法的铁路线路方案优选研究

依托西宁至青海湖至茶卡铁路的西宁西至湟源段线路布线方案比选实例,以改进TOPSIS决策方法为理论支撑,选取线路长度、桥梁总长、隧道总长、平面交点数、拆迁面积、投资总额共6个主要工程数量因子作为评价指标,利用熵权法计算评价因子的权重,引入向量夹角余弦概念,得到各方案至正、负理想解的距离,并计算相应的贴进度,进而将铁路选线方案排序择优,实现对铁路线路方案科学合理的比选。结果表明:在铁路项目的前期研究阶段,采用主要工程数量因子作为评价指标可避免数据难以获取、数据复杂等弊端;改进的TOPSIS决策方法具有逻辑严谨、形象直观等特点,可得出适用于铁路线路方案比选的理论方法。

自然物种多样性的定量及在环境评价中的意义

无人为干扰的原生生态区域中的物种多样性为自然物种多样性.以"自然生态→无人为干扰→自然物种多样性→生态因子→决定因素→数量因子→数量关系→物种多样性模型"为推理线索,对己有资料进行"数学"归纳和建模意义上的筛选,综合出一个定量特定地理、气候区域及地理位置上的自然物种多样性公式;以"自然物种多样性→存在人为干扰→生态失衡→实有物种多样性"为推理线索,得出生态失衡公式.自然物种多样性公式用于定量特定区域中的物种多样性特征及梯度分布,生态失衡公式用于定量生态失衡程度及人为干扰大小.

STUDY ON THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING RATIONAL CUBIC CURVES AND CURVED SURFACE INCLUDING CONTROLLING PARAMETERS

By adopting the method of controlling parameters this paper describes the construction of various kinds of cubic curve segment and curved surface fragment with rational and non rational parameters, and discusses the relationship between controlling parameters, weighted factors and types, kinds and characteristics of curve segments and curved surface fragments. A mathematical method is provided for CAGD with abundant connotations, broad covering region, convenience, flexibility and direct simplicity.

ΔLuxS的表型分析及其在GBS毒力调控机制研究中的应用

目的采用LuxS缺失突变株模型对B型链球菌中数量感应相关分子LuxS的功能及与其相关的自诱导因子-2 数量感应通路进行研究,以探索其毒力调控机制。方法采用RT-PCR法、菌落印迹分析、生长曲线测定、cAMP因子测定等方法对该缺失突变菌株的表型特性进行了研究。最后应用哈氏弧菌作为报告菌株,通过生物发光测定法分析了突变株对B型链球菌诱导报告菌株中的生物发光活性的影响。结果发现此缺失突变可导致B型链球菌中scpB基因表达的上调;与野生株相比,突变株的生物发光诱导活性比野生株降低了大约两倍。结论本研究结果证实了LuxS在 GBS中AI-2数量感应通路中的重要性,并为GBS中毒力调控机制的进一步研究提供了新的线索。

基于优化蚁群算法的机器人路径规划

路径规划是移动机器人设计中的关键环节,蚁群算法能高效解决路径规划问题,但它也存在一些弊端,如收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部最优解等.针对这些问题,本研究提出一种改进蚁群算法,在传统蚁群算法的基础上,改进状态转移规则,增加周围障碍物数量影响因子,令蚂蚁尽量避开障碍物;增加角度影响因子,使得蚂蚁行走的路径更加平滑;同时运用精英蚁群策略,来改进蚁群算法易陷入局部最优解的问题.仿真实验结果表明,该算法在多种环境下,都能找到最优路径,且有较快的收敛速度,本研究提出的优化蚁群算法具有一定的可靠性和高效性.

Prime Factorization in the Duality Computer

We give algorithms to factorize large integers in the duality computer. We provide three duality algorithms for factorization based on a naive factorization method, the Shor algorithm in quantum computing, and the Fermat＇s method in classical computing. All these algorithms may be polynomial in the input size.

Q estimation based on logarithmic spectral areas with different high and low frequencies

When a seismic wave propagates through subsurface viscoelastic media,the formation absorbs the high-frequency energy of the seismic wave more strongly than the low-frequency energy.As the depth and the off set increase,the diff erence between the logarithmic spectral areas with high and low frequencies gradually increases.Based on this seismic wave characteristic,we have developed a novel Q-estimation method based on logarithmic spectral area diff erence of high and low frequencies(referred to as the LSAD_LH method).In this paper,we derive the theoretical relationship between the Q value and difference of logarithmic spectral areas with high and low frequencies and prove the applicability of the LSAD_LH method using a single-layer medium numerical model.To verify the sensitivity of the LSAD_LH method to bandwidth selection and noise,we compare the LSAD_LH method with two credible methods—the logarithmic spectral ratio(LSR)and logarithmic spectral area diff erence(LSAD)methods using a synthetic model containing the random noise.The results demonstrate that the LSAD_LH method is not highly dependent on bandwidth,and in terms of noise immunity,it is signifi cantly better than the LSR method and has the same advantages as the LSAD method.To further highlight the advantages of the LSAD_LH method,we apply the LSAD_LH and LSAD methods to the vertical seismic profi ling(VSP)numerical simulation of the multilayer media and the fi eld zero-off set VSP data.The application of the two cases proves the applicability of the LSAD_LH method and the accuracy of the high Q-value estimation relative to the LSAD method.Moreover,via the transmission coeffi cient,the LSAD_LH method overcomes the weakness of the LSAD method.

Numerical Derivation of Strain Rate Effects on Material Properties of Masonry with Solid Clay Bricks

In this paper, numerical method is used als. A typical unit of masonry is selected to serve merical model of RVE is established with detailed to study the strain rate effect on masonry materias a representative volume element （RVE）. Nudistinctive modeling of brick and mortar with their respective dynamic material properties obtained from laboratory tests. The behavior of brick and mortar are characterized by a dynamic damage model that accounts for rate-sensitive and pressuredependent properties of masonry materials. Dynamic loads of different loading rates are applied to RVE. The equivalent homogenized uniaxial compressive strength, threshold strain and elastic modulus in three directions of the masonry are derived from the simulated responses of the RVE. The strain rate effect on the masonry material with clay brick and mortar, such as the dynamic increase factor （DIF） of the ultimate strength and elastic modulus as a function of strain rate are derived from the numerical results.

Some Theorems About Unitons of Harmonic Maps into U(N)

By using the simplified method of factorization given by Valli, and the correspondence between the harmonic map φ∶S 2→U(N) and U(N) uniton bundle ν(φ) with energy corresponding to the bundles’ second Chern class, which is established by Anand, the energy in a case φ∶S 2→U(N) is investigated in order to estimate the energy of a uniton using the uniton number. It is proved that Uhlenbeck’s factorization is energy decreasing. And a method of estimating the energy of a uniton by the uniton number is given.

QIM digital watermarkingbased on LDPC code and messagepassingunder scalingattacks

Watermarking system based on quantization index modulation （QIM） is increasingly popular in high payload applications,but it is inherently fragile against amplitude scaling attacks.In order to resist desynchronization attacks of QIM digital watermarking,a low density parity check （LDPC） code-aided QIM watermarking algorithm is proposed,and the performance of QIM watermarking system can be improved by incorporating LDPC code with message passing estimation/detection framework.Using the theory of iterative estimation and decoding,the watermark signal is decoded by the proposed algorithm through iterative estimation of amplitude scaling parameters and decoding of watermark.The performance of the proposed algorithm is closer to the dirty paper Shannon limit than that of repetition code aided algorithm when the algorithm is attacked by the additive white Gaussian noise.For constant amplitude scaling attacks,the proposed algorithm can obtain the accurate estimation of amplitude scaling parameters.The simulation result shows that the algorithm can obtain similar performance compared to the algorithm without desynchronization.

Influence of Soft Filler on Stress Concentration Factor of Elliptic Holes in a Rectangular Plate

Finite element models were established to analyze the influence of soft filler on stress concentration for a rectangular plate with an elliptic hole in the center. The influence was quantified by means of stress concentration factor (SCF). Seven shape factors of the elliptic hole and three levels of elasticity modulus of the soft filler were considered. The reduction coefficient and sensitivity index of SCF are the two indicators in evaluating the influence of soft filler. It was found that the reduction coefficient of SCF increases significantly as the shape factor and the elasticity modulus of the filler increase, indicating that soft filler can reduce the concentrated stress effectively, especially when the shape factor is great. Analysis for the sensitivity index of SCF indicates that SCF is more sensitive to materials with small elasticity modulus than to materials with large one.

Full-Scale Measurement and Numerical Analysis of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Water Heaters with Ventilation Factors in Balcony

This study carried out full-scale gas water heater combustion experiments and adopted FDS （fire dynamics simulator） to simulate three scenarios--different balcony environments when using water heater, such as airtight balcony, indoor door with openings and force ventilation to compare with full-scale combustion experiments. According to FDS simulation results, 02, CO and CO2 simulation concentration value correspond with full-scale experimental results. When the indoor O2 concentration was lower than 15%, which causes incomplete combustion, the CO concentration would rise rapidly and even reached above 1,500 ppm, causing death in short time. In addition, when the force ventilation model supplied the water heater with enough air to bum, the indoor CO concentration will keep low and harmless to humans. The study also adopted diverse variables, such as the opening area of window, outdoor wind speed and water heater types, to analyze deeply user＇s safety regarding gas water heater. In a result, while balcony area is larger than 14 mE, the volume of water heater is below 16 L （33.1 kW）, and the indoor window, connecting balcony with room, is closed, if the opening on the outdoor window of the balcony is larger than 0.2 mE, this can ensure the personal security of the indoor space.

Design and Test of Motor Double Fed Speed Regulating System for Conveyer Belt

This paper introduces the design of doubly fed system for conveyor belt motor, the system adopts stator flux orientation vector control technology and AC-AC inverter motor speed and power factor control, and carried on the test in transmission field. This paper introduces in detail the structure and characteristic of DSP system, and gives a design scheme of Doubly Fed Speed Control System of motor based on this chip.

Understanding human diseases with high-throughput quantitative measurement and analysis of molecular signatures

Microarray and deep sequencing technologies have provided unprecedented opportunities for mapping genome mutations,RNA transcripts,transcription factor binding,and histone modifications at high resolution at the genome-wide level.This has revolutionized the way in which transcriptomes,regulatory networks and epigenetic regulations have been studied and large amounts of heterogeneous data have been generated.Although efforts are being made to integrate these datasets unbiasedly and efficiently,how best to do this still remains a challenge.Here we review major impacts of high-throughput genome-wide data generation,their relevance to human diseases,and various bioinformatics approaches for data integration.Finally,we provide a case study on inflammatory diseases.

Effect of acupuncture on serum PYY and nesfatin-1 in obese patients with insulin resistance

Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture on serum peptide YY(PYY)and nesfatin-1 in obese patients with insulin resistance.Methods Ninety-eight obese patients with insulin resistance were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method,with 49 cases in each group.The control group received exercise and dietary interventions,and the observation group received additional acupuncture treatment to the exercise and dietary interventions.The body mass index(BMI),body fat percentage,fasting insulin(FINS),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and serum PYY and nesfatin-1 levels were compared before and after treatment.The efficacy was evaluated after treatment.Results The total effective rate was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the BMI,body fat percentage,and serum TG and TC levels decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.05),and were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).The FINS,FPG,HOMA-IR,and serum PYY and nesfatin-1 levels of the control group were not significantly changed after treatment(P>0.05).The FINS,FPG and HOMA-IR of the observation group decreased significantly after treatment(P<0.05),and were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The serum PYY and nesfatin-1 levels of the observation group increased significantly after treatment(P<0.05),and were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Based on exercise and dietary interventions,acupuncture is effective for obese patients with insulin resistance.It can reduce the BMI,body fat percentage,blood lipids,blood glucose,and serum insulin levels and improve insulin resistance.The action may be associated with the up-regulation of serum PYY and nesfatin-1.

Absence of murine CFAP61 causes male infertility due to multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella

Impaired flagellar development and impaired motility of sperm is a cause of infertility in males. Several genes, including those of the AKAP, CCDC, CFAP, and DNAH families, among others, are involved in the‘‘multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella"(MMAF) phenotype;these are the most common causes of male infertility. The Cilia-and flagella-associated protein(CFAP) family includes six members reported to cause MMAF phenotypes: CFAP43, CFAP44, CFAP69, CFAP65, CFAP70, and CFAP251. Here, we found that cilia-and flagella-associated protein 61(Cfap61) is highly expressed specifically in murine testes and show that the Cfap61-knockout male mice demonstrate MMAF phenotype, including sperm with short, coiled, and irregular flagella. Deletion of Cfap61 resulted in severe morphological and behavior abnormalities in sperm, reduced total sperm counts, impaired sperm motility, and led to male infertility.Notably, absence of Cfap61 impaired sperm flagella ultrastructural abnormalities on account of numerous distortions in multiple flagellum components. Immunostaining experiments in wild-type mice and healthy adult humans indicated that Cfap61 is initially localized at the neck of sperm, where it potentially functions in flagellum formation, and is later localized to the midpiece of the sperm. Thus, our study provides compelling evidence that dysregulation of Cfap61 affects sperm flagellum development and induces male infertility in mice. Further investigations of the CFAP61 gene in humans alongside clinical evidence showing MMAF phenotype in humans should contribute to our understanding of developmental processes underlying sperm flagellum formation and the pathogenic mechanisms that cause male infertility.