基于服务多样性视角的在线医疗社区患者选择决策行为

随着服务创新和服务多样性的丰富,在线医疗服务的焦点已从早期的服务采纳向服务管理过渡。基于信号理论探索在线医疗服务情境下的医生服务多样性、服务质量信号对患者选择决策的影响。采集好大夫在线平台中的二手数据,利用倾向评分匹配(PSM)方法和OLS回归等方法,研究不同情境下的服务多样性对患者决策的影响。结果显示:在低价格组,服务多样性对患者选择没有显著影响;与中等价格组相比,高价格组的服务多样性对患者决策的影响更大。与中、低热度的医生组相比,高热度组医生的服务多样性对患者决策的影响程度更大;与其他职称组相比,副主任医师的服务多样性对患者决策的影响大于其他组。服务种类数目会显著正向影响患者决策,同时,医生热度、服务价格起到有效的正向调节作用。研究结论为医生和在线医疗平台提供了重要的实践价值。

城市服务多样性与劳动力流动——基于“美团网”大数据和流动人口微观调查的分析

新时代背景下人们对美好生活的追求倾向愈加凸显,城市服务的多样性福利将成为吸引劳动力和优化人才结构的重要支撑。本文利用“美团网”生活服务分类和2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查(CMDS)数据,研究城市服务多样性对劳动力流动的影响。结果显示,城市服务多样性会显著降低流动人口的迁出意愿,服务品类多样性每增加1%,劳动力迁出的概率平均约降低3.23%;城市服务多样性的影响具有群体差异性,年轻化、高技能群体的敏感度更高,边际效应可达4.62%和4.03%。考虑调节效应和地区异质性的扩展分析进一步发现,城市信息化、市场化水平对服务品类多样性吸引留住人才具有正向放大作用,尤其是在东部地区和500万人口以上大城市中表现尤为突出。本研究为城市人才吸引和劳动力竞争提供了政策启示。

糖尿病合并冠心病患者多样性护理服务的开展与效果观察

目的了解糖尿病合并冠心病患者多样性护理服务的开展与效果。方法采集2015年2月~2018年6月收治的60例糖尿病合并冠心病患者随机数字表分组。常规护理干预组进行常规护理方法护理,多样性护理服务组进行多样性护理服务。分析比较两组血糖控制至目标范围的时间、改善心功能程度达到两级的时间;手术前后患者左心射血分数和生活质量评分。结果手术后多样性护理服务组左心射血分数和生活质量评分优于常规护理干预组,P<0.05。多样性护理服务组血糖控制至目标范围的时间、改善心功能程度达到两级的时间优于常规护理干预组,P<0.05。结论糖尿病合并冠心病患者行多样性护理服务效果确切。

基于动态服务缓存辅助的任务卸载方法

针对服务缓存和任务卸载联合优化中,由于缺乏对用户服务请求多样性和动态性的综合考虑而导致的用户体验质量降低问题,提出一种基于动态服务缓存辅助的任务卸载方法。首先,针对边缘服务器执行缓存服务动作空间较大的问题,重新定义了动作,并筛选出最优的动作集合以提高算法训练的效率;其次,设计一种改进的多智能体Q-Learning算法学习最优的服务缓存策略;再次,将任务卸载问题转换为凸优化问题,利用凸优化工具获得最优解;最后,利用拉格朗日对偶法求得最优的计算资源分配策略。为了验证所提方法的有效性,基于真实数据集进行了充分的实验。实验结果表明,对比Q-Learning、双层深度Q网络(D2QN)以及多智能体深度确定性策略梯度(MADDPG)方法,所提方法的响应时间分别降低了8.5%、11.8%和12.6%,平均体验质量分别提高了1.5%、2.7%和4.3%。

基于条件价值法评估罗源湾海洋生物多样性维持服务价值

海洋生物多样性维持服务指海洋中不仅生活着丰富的生物种群,还为其提供了重要的产卵场、越冬场、索饵场、避难所、栖息地等场所。基于条件价值法,于2009年8月对福建罗源湾周边城镇居民进行问卷调查,掌握当地居民对保护罗源湾生物多样性的支付意愿,进而评估罗源湾生物多样性维持服务价值。结果显示,2009年罗源湾4种珍稀生物的支付意愿为618.8元/户。2004—2008年罗源湾生物多样性维持服务价值分别为747.17万元、1912.52万元、2565.08万元、3821.92万元、5272.00万元。分析表明:家庭年收入、对保护生物的了解程度和环保意识是影响生物多样性维持服务价值的主要因素。对于保护海洋生物多样性来说,经济发展政策和环保政策都是必要的,如何做好这2个政策的平衡是政府应该关注的。

数字化资源优化图书馆服务

在数字化时代,数字化资源建设在图书馆服务优化方面扮演着至关重要的角色。数字化资源的推广不仅改变了信息的获取和分享方式,还为图书馆提供了更多满足用户需求的机会。然而,数字化资源建设也伴随着一系列的挑战和机遇,特别是在数字化资源管理、技术基础设施建设、版权法规和服务多样性等方面。现探讨数字化资源建设与图书馆服务之间的关系,分析以数字化资源建设为特色的图书馆服务存在的问题,并提出一些优化策略,以期为图书馆的数字化服务提供有益的参考。

针对成教实际 提供特色服务

分析了成人高教的特点，提出了针对这些特点，提供相应的服务是高校图书馆义不容辞的责任。

图书馆服务向社区延伸初探

社区是今后社会发展的一个趋势 ,图书馆要在社区建设中更有作为 ,必须转变观念 ,通过多种途径向社区延伸 ,充分做好读者调查工作 ,提供多样性服务 ,创建社区图书馆 (室 )的特色服务 ,动员社区力量参与社区图书馆 (室 )管理 ,促使社区图书馆 (室 )

马斯洛需求层次理论视域下大学生社团志愿服务模式研究--以山东省某高校C社团为例

高校作为学生进入社会的中转站,需要履行为学生提供初步接触社会的机会,因此,大学生社团志愿服务开展应运而生。但是目前我国大学生社团开展志愿服务普遍存在志愿服务针对性弱、可持续不强以及形式单一等问题,本文将结合山东省某高校C社团实际经验,在马斯洛需求层次理论视域下,建立多样性服务链接平台等方面探索大学生社团的可持续发展的新模式。

文化馆免费开放项目服务模式拓展探析——五地“现代民间绘画巡回展”活动的启示

在推进文化馆免费开放服务以来，由于文化馆的服务具有需求的差异性、内容的多样性、形式的多重性等特点，为适应、满足广大群众的多种需求，文化馆的免费开放服务项目应立体化、多样性，因而免费开放服务的形式（模式）就需要不断完善、创新、发展。对于如何更好地开展立体化、多样性的创新服务，各地各级文化馆都在进行各种探索。由贵州省文化馆、天津市群众艺术馆、内蒙古自治区群众艺术馆、新疆维吾尔自治区文化馆、四川省文化馆联合主办的“现代民间绘画巡回展”作了些有益探索，也给予我们一些启示。为此，笔者以五地“现代民间绘画巡回展”为例，对文化馆免费开放项目的多样性服务发展（拓展）模式及启示进行一些探析。

图书馆少儿志愿者服务新模式

阐述了图书馆少儿志愿者转变过去单调的志愿者工作模式,改进方法,调整制度,进行多样化模式调整,激发孩子们进行志愿者服务的热情。

商业保险在新型农村合作医疗保险中的应用研究——以安徽省宁国市为例

分析了安徽省宁国市新农村合作医疗保险的现状,探讨了商业保险在宁国市新型农村合作医疗保险中的参与价值与可行性途径。分析认为,当地新农村合作医疗保险制度自实施以来不断完善,农村人口参合率在99%以上,新农村合作医疗制度投资逐年增加,2013年已达1 325.58万元,其农民受益程度达到85%。同时,当地政府坚持探索提高新农村合作医疗保险保障效果的途径,但由于当地农村地区经济发展速度的差异,已出现了医疗保险需求的多样性。为此,分析了商业保险参与新农村合作医疗保险在政策等层面的可行性,以及保险公司参与新农村合作医疗保险的经济和社会效益。最后提出了若干建议。

基于InVEST-Biodiversity模型的闽江流域生境质量变化评价

基于InVEST模型的Biodiversity模块,测定闽江流域的生物多样性生态服务功能,运用模型结果中的生境质量指数和生境稀缺度指数评估闽江流域生态环境质量,对区域生态环境保护具有参考价值。经模型运算得到:2000年、2005年、2010年闽江流域生境质量指数得分分别为27.90、27.82、27.79,10年间下降了0.39%,2005—2010年期间较2000—2005年期间下降速率降低了62.50%;台江、鼓楼、仓山、长乐地区是生境质量较低的地域,其生境质量指数得分10年间均值为0.15、0.23、0.33、0.53;道路、居住地、工业用地、采矿场4种地类对闽江流域生态环境的干扰是生境质量变化的主要驱动因素;森林地类生境稀缺度指数下降了89.80%,生境质量指数10年间均值为0.99,占地面积增加了0.09%。研究表明,10年间闽江流域整体生境质量处于良好水平,且保持稳定。

增强半潜类型船潜浮作业能力的浮力舱技术方案

为了进一步挖掘半潜船型的潜力,增强其对重大件的适应性以及服务的多样性,提出了与半潜船型相配套的新型设备——多功能浮力舱。主要介绍了该多功能浮力舱的技术方案、使用方法与工作机理、有益效果等内容,并以半潜船为例,论证了配置多功能浮力舱对提高半潜船服务的多样性,增强对大型海洋工程装备等重大件进行潜浮装卸作业的适应性与安全性所发挥的有益效果。该配套新型装备可为半潜类型船服务与作业提供一种新方案,为我国海上支持保障体系建设发挥积极作用。

Valuation of Lake and Marsh Wetlands Ecosystem Services in China

Wetlands are highly productive natural ecosystems, providing valuable goods and services. There is growing interest in transferring ecosystem service value from the existing wetlands studied to other wetlands ecosystems at a large geographic scale. The benefit transfer method uses the known values from wetlands to predict the value of other wetland sites. This methodology requires only limited time and resources. The present study calculated the value of the ecological services provided by lake and marsh wetlands in China in terms of biodiversity indices, water quality indices and economic indices. Basic data on wetlands were obtained through remote sensing images. The results show that: 1) The total ecosystem service value of the lake and marsh wetlands in 2008 was calculated to be 8.1841 × 1010 United States Dollars(USD), with the marsh and lake wetlands contributing 5.6329 × 1010 and 2.5512 × 1010 USD, respectively. Values of marsh ecosystem service were concentrated in Heilongjiang Province(2.5516 × 1010 USD), Qinghai Province(1.2014 × 1010 USD), and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(1.1884 × 1010 USD). The value of the lakes were concentrated in Tibet Autonomous Region(6.223 × 109 USD), Heilongjiang(5.810 × 109 USD), and Qinghai(5.500 × 109 USD). 2) Waste treatment and climate regulation services contributed to 26.29% and 24.74% respectively, of the total ecosystem service value of the marsh wetlands. Hydrological regulation and waste treatment contributed to 41.39% and 32.75%, respectively, of the total ecosystem service value of the lake wetlands. 3) The total ecological service value of the lake and marsh wetlands was 54.64% of the total service value of natural grassland ecosystems and 30.34% of the total service value of forests ecosystems in China.

基于GIS的采煤塌陷区生态恢复优先级评价——以安徽省淮南市区为例

选取煤矿型城市淮南市区为研究区域,以2017年12月淮南市Landsat-TM影像、淮南市采煤塌陷地分布矢量图和全国第二次土地调查的土地利用数据为数据源,在GIS技术支撑下,从生态敏感性和生物多样性服务价值两个方面评价采煤塌陷区的生态恢复优先级,利用GIS中的自然断点法将生态恢复优先级分为非常低、低、中等、较高和高5个级别。结果表明:淮南市区生态恢复优先级高和较高的塌陷区面积所占比例为27.34%,主要分布于潘集区采煤塌陷区的中南部、八公山区采煤塌陷区的大部分区域、谢家集区采煤塌陷区的西北部以及大通区采煤塌陷区的大部分区域,建议将这些区域予以优先恢复。

A theoretical model for assessing the sustainability of ecosystem services

The Value of the World＇s Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital by Costanza in 1997 is generally regarded as a monumem for the research of valuing ecosystem services. However, the classification of ecosystem services, the method of various services summation and the purpose for static global value had be confronted by many criticisms. Based on the summary of these criticisms, suggestions, related function assessment and further study direction, the sustainability of ecosystem Services is presented. The two basic indicators in ecology, productivity and biodiversity, respectively charactering the ability of producing and self-organizing, not only represent the internal function of ecosystem, but also are proportioned to its external function of supporting and providing for human life. On presenting the general.form of ecosystem services assessment, this paper improves the mathematical formula by giving a function adjusting coefficient composea of productivity and biodiversity. Theoretically, the integration of the two indicators reflects the changes of ecosystem services at spatial and temporal scales, can physically assess the sustainability of ecosystem services, and build a firm scientific fundament of value assessment for ecosystem services. Objectively, its application should be strictly tested in next step.

From Conservation to Sustainable Development-A Case Study of Angkor World Heritage Site, Cambodia

The World Heritage Committee of UNESCO has called for a strategic commitment from its States Parties to strengthen links between heritage conservation and sustainable development. Fulfilment of this commitment will require integration of the conservation of sites with the sustainable use and management of natural resources in a larger area beyond the boundaries of sites. Identification and demarcation of areas for conserving World Heritage sites and sustainable development of broader regions must derive from an in-depth knowledge of people-environment relationships. The management of Angkor-an iconic World Heritage site -has been primarily focused on conservation and restoration of monuments within the boundaries of the site. However, that focus is now shifting towards addressing environmental, social and economic challenges for sustainable development of the broader landscape described in this paper as the Angkor ecosystem. Angkor has the potential to demonstrate the application of an ecosystem approach to sustainable development--advocated under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. The site could be a laboratory for new research on cultural ecosystem services as a tool for bridging site conservation to the sustainable development of the Siem Reap province where the site is located.

Economic Value Evaluation of Wetland Service in Yeyahu Wetland Nature Reserve,Beijing

Based on multi-source data,this paper evaluated the economic value of ecological services in the Yeyahu Wetland Nature Reserve,Beijing,China.The ecological services of wetland included gas regulation,water quality im-provement,biodiversity maintenance,erosion control,water supply,recreational opportunity,raw material supply and existence value.Multiple conventional evaluation methods were used to calculate the value of eight wetland services.The results showed that significant values came from biodiversity maintenance and recreational opportunity.The main reasons were as follows.Firstly,Yeyahu Wetland Nature Reserve was the habitat for migrant birds,and government had payed more efforts to protect precious birds.Secondly,the population is large in Beijing.People enjoyed going outside and enjoyed the natural and artificial wetland scenes.At the same time,most people were prepared to pay for wetland conservation.The decline of vegetation cover made the economic value of erosion control the lowest.While the shrink of water resource and the deteriorative water quality caused the economic value of water supply lower.The evaluation results could help decision-makers understand the present status of the Yeyahu Wetland Nature Reserve and provide a scientific basis for strategic decision.

Financial Value of Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean in Africa： Increasing Benefits for Smallholder Farmers

The knowledge that soil microorganisms form an important component of below ground biodiversity, providing ecosystem services, is often not incorporated in formulation of policies to conserve and manage these microorganisms. Using the method of cost replacement or cost savings in terms of mineral nitrogen fertilizer that would have been required to attain the same level of nitrogen fixed biologically, this study contributes to awareness on the importance of these microorganisms. Applying the knowledge gained from several on-station and on-farm trials in Africa, complemented with assumptions on FAO-sourced data from 19 African countries, this study estimated the financial value of nitrogen fixation of legume nodulating bacteria （LNB） associated with promiscuous soybean varieties. Results show that the financial value of the nitrogen-fixing attribute of soybean in Africa, especially the promiscuous varieties, annually amounts to about $ 200 million US dollars across the 19 countries. With the fertilizer price of -$ 795 tl （June 2008）, this would amount to $ 375 million. The study recommends various ways of increasing the chances of smallholder farmers benefiting from the nitrogen-fixing attribute of LNB, especially since many cannot afford adequate quantities of inorganic fertilizers for increased crop productivity.