为研究生物有机肥对烟草青枯病的防控效果及对烟株根际土壤微生物区系的影响,采用拮抗菌复配菌剂添加至有机肥制成生物有机肥,施于烟田,分别在烟株不同生长时期采集根际土壤进行可培养微生物测定及16 S/18 S rDNA基因测序,探究烟株根际...为研究生物有机肥对烟草青枯病的防控效果及对烟株根际土壤微生物区系的影响,采用拮抗菌复配菌剂添加至有机肥制成生物有机肥,施于烟田,分别在烟株不同生长时期采集根际土壤进行可培养微生物测定及16 S/18 S rDNA基因测序,探究烟株根际土壤微生物区系的变化及其对青枯病发病率、烟叶产量与品质的影响。结果表明,施加生物有机肥的处理组对烟草青枯病的防控率达到了38.2%,烟叶产量提高8.6%。基因测序结果显示,旺长期根际土壤中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)在处理组中的丰度与对照组相比分别降低了32.1%,48.7%,绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)分别增加了55.3%,54.6%,各物种多样性指数均为处理组显著高于对照组。在大田中施用生物有机肥能明显改善烟株根际土壤的微生物区系结构,提高生物多样性、增加群落丰富度,对青枯病具有较好的防控效果。旺长期为烟株根际微生物区系变化的关键时期,该时期处理组与对照组之间在群落结构及有益菌上的显著差异可能会影响青枯病的发生。展开更多
对菌株Lh-1进行鉴定,并对其防治西瓜枯萎病的效果进行评价。通过形态观察、生理生化检测和16S r RNA基因同源性分析鉴定菌株Lh-1,测定其抑菌谱。设计盆栽试验来评价施用有机肥加Lh-1菌液(T2),施用有机肥(T1)和化肥(CK)3种处理的防治效...对菌株Lh-1进行鉴定,并对其防治西瓜枯萎病的效果进行评价。通过形态观察、生理生化检测和16S r RNA基因同源性分析鉴定菌株Lh-1,测定其抑菌谱。设计盆栽试验来评价施用有机肥加Lh-1菌液(T2),施用有机肥(T1)和化肥(CK)3种处理的防治效果。结果显示,将Lh-1鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌。该菌对多种植物病原菌都有抑制作用具有广谱抗菌活性,尤其对西瓜枯萎病有良好的防治效果。盆栽试验表明添加Lh-1后发病率仅为17.2%,与对照相比防治效果达到78.5%,植株高度、鲜重和干重指标均为最高;瓜苗中的SOD、POD和CAT活性显著提高而MDA含量明显下降;瓜苗根际的微生物区系中细菌与放线菌含量上升,真菌特别是尖孢镰刀菌的数量下降,瓜苗根际微生物区系结构得到明显改善。解淀粉芽胞杆菌Lh-1能够防治西瓜枯萎病。展开更多
The vegetation and soil are mutual environmental factors, soil characteristics, such as chemical properties and microorganism that affect the vegetation occurrence, development and succession speed. In this study, we ...The vegetation and soil are mutual environmental factors, soil characteristics, such as chemical properties and microorganism that affect the vegetation occurrence, development and succession speed. In this study, we evaluated the structure of microbial communities of rhizosphere of Cowskin Azalea(Rhododendron aureum Georgi) populations and compared with non-rhizosphere soils at four sample sites of the Changbai Mountains, China, and analyzed the correlation between chemical properties of soil and microbial communities. The results showed that microbial structure and soil chemical properties are significant superior to non-rhizosphere at all four sample sites. The rhizosphere microorganisms are mainly composed of bacteria, actinomycetes, followed by fungi least. The principal component analysis(PCA) biplot displayed that there are differences between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils for microflora; Through correlation analysis, we found that the bacteria is clearly influenced by p H on the Changbai Mountains, besides p H, other soil features such as NO3–-N. These data highlight that R. aureum as the dominant vegetation living in the alpine tundra is a key factor in the formation of soil microorganism and improving soil fertility, and is of great significance for the maintenance of alpine tundra ecosystem.展开更多
文摘为研究生物有机肥对烟草青枯病的防控效果及对烟株根际土壤微生物区系的影响,采用拮抗菌复配菌剂添加至有机肥制成生物有机肥,施于烟田,分别在烟株不同生长时期采集根际土壤进行可培养微生物测定及16 S/18 S rDNA基因测序,探究烟株根际土壤微生物区系的变化及其对青枯病发病率、烟叶产量与品质的影响。结果表明,施加生物有机肥的处理组对烟草青枯病的防控率达到了38.2%,烟叶产量提高8.6%。基因测序结果显示,旺长期根际土壤中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)在处理组中的丰度与对照组相比分别降低了32.1%,48.7%,绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)分别增加了55.3%,54.6%,各物种多样性指数均为处理组显著高于对照组。在大田中施用生物有机肥能明显改善烟株根际土壤的微生物区系结构,提高生物多样性、增加群落丰富度,对青枯病具有较好的防控效果。旺长期为烟株根际微生物区系变化的关键时期,该时期处理组与对照组之间在群落结构及有益菌上的显著差异可能会影响青枯病的发生。
文摘对菌株Lh-1进行鉴定,并对其防治西瓜枯萎病的效果进行评价。通过形态观察、生理生化检测和16S r RNA基因同源性分析鉴定菌株Lh-1,测定其抑菌谱。设计盆栽试验来评价施用有机肥加Lh-1菌液(T2),施用有机肥(T1)和化肥(CK)3种处理的防治效果。结果显示,将Lh-1鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌。该菌对多种植物病原菌都有抑制作用具有广谱抗菌活性,尤其对西瓜枯萎病有良好的防治效果。盆栽试验表明添加Lh-1后发病率仅为17.2%,与对照相比防治效果达到78.5%,植株高度、鲜重和干重指标均为最高;瓜苗中的SOD、POD和CAT活性显著提高而MDA含量明显下降;瓜苗根际的微生物区系中细菌与放线菌含量上升,真菌特别是尖孢镰刀菌的数量下降,瓜苗根际微生物区系结构得到明显改善。解淀粉芽胞杆菌Lh-1能够防治西瓜枯萎病。
基金Wildlife Conservation and Management of National Forestry Bureau of China
文摘The vegetation and soil are mutual environmental factors, soil characteristics, such as chemical properties and microorganism that affect the vegetation occurrence, development and succession speed. In this study, we evaluated the structure of microbial communities of rhizosphere of Cowskin Azalea(Rhododendron aureum Georgi) populations and compared with non-rhizosphere soils at four sample sites of the Changbai Mountains, China, and analyzed the correlation between chemical properties of soil and microbial communities. The results showed that microbial structure and soil chemical properties are significant superior to non-rhizosphere at all four sample sites. The rhizosphere microorganisms are mainly composed of bacteria, actinomycetes, followed by fungi least. The principal component analysis(PCA) biplot displayed that there are differences between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils for microflora; Through correlation analysis, we found that the bacteria is clearly influenced by p H on the Changbai Mountains, besides p H, other soil features such as NO3–-N. These data highlight that R. aureum as the dominant vegetation living in the alpine tundra is a key factor in the formation of soil microorganism and improving soil fertility, and is of great significance for the maintenance of alpine tundra ecosystem.
