Anal fistula surgery is a commonly performed procedure.The diverse anatomy of anal fistulae and their proximity to anal sphincters make accurate preoperative diagnosis essential to avoid recurrence and fecal incontine...Anal fistula surgery is a commonly performed procedure.The diverse anatomy of anal fistulae and their proximity to anal sphincters make accurate preoperative diagnosis essential to avoid recurrence and fecal incontinence.Despite the fact that proper preoperative diagnosis can be reached in the majority of patients by simple clinical examination,endoanal ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging,on many occasions,unexpected findings can be encountered during surgery that can make the operation difficult and correct decision-making crucial.In this article we discuss the difficulties and unexpected findings that can be encountered during anal fistula surgery and how to overcome them.展开更多
根据采集的民用航空发动机热端组件系统检修信息和专家对系统退化状态的判别,在系统状态退化过程为离散半马尔可夫链过程的假设前提下,分别建立了基于专家估计数据、基于检查数据以及基于融合数据的各宏观退化状态驻留时间估计模型,并...根据采集的民用航空发动机热端组件系统检修信息和专家对系统退化状态的判别,在系统状态退化过程为离散半马尔可夫链过程的假设前提下,分别建立了基于专家估计数据、基于检查数据以及基于融合数据的各宏观退化状态驻留时间估计模型,并应用最大似然函数法和MCMC(Markov chain Monte Carlo)法对模型参数进行估计,得到基于不同数据源的各宏观退化状态下驻留时间估计值和状态转移系数,并以一定使用周期内的检修费用最优为目标建立状态转移概率模型,仿真得到3个典型宏观退化状态下的最优检查间隔分别为1750、350、70循环。该仿真结果与目前的民航运行生产工程实际情况非常接近,可以为民航运输企业的检修决策提供客户化的决策支持并提高经济效益。展开更多
文摘Anal fistula surgery is a commonly performed procedure.The diverse anatomy of anal fistulae and their proximity to anal sphincters make accurate preoperative diagnosis essential to avoid recurrence and fecal incontinence.Despite the fact that proper preoperative diagnosis can be reached in the majority of patients by simple clinical examination,endoanal ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging,on many occasions,unexpected findings can be encountered during surgery that can make the operation difficult and correct decision-making crucial.In this article we discuss the difficulties and unexpected findings that can be encountered during anal fistula surgery and how to overcome them.
文摘根据采集的民用航空发动机热端组件系统检修信息和专家对系统退化状态的判别,在系统状态退化过程为离散半马尔可夫链过程的假设前提下,分别建立了基于专家估计数据、基于检查数据以及基于融合数据的各宏观退化状态驻留时间估计模型,并应用最大似然函数法和MCMC(Markov chain Monte Carlo)法对模型参数进行估计,得到基于不同数据源的各宏观退化状态下驻留时间估计值和状态转移系数,并以一定使用周期内的检修费用最优为目标建立状态转移概率模型,仿真得到3个典型宏观退化状态下的最优检查间隔分别为1750、350、70循环。该仿真结果与目前的民航运行生产工程实际情况非常接近,可以为民航运输企业的检修决策提供客户化的决策支持并提高经济效益。