TanDEM-X极化干涉SAR森林冠层高度反演

森林树高是反映森林蓄积量、生物量、碳储量和立地质量的关键指标。极化干涉SAR技术是森林树高估测的有效手段之一,但数据获取及数据质量一直是极化干涉SAR树高反演研究的主要制约因素。以云南省勐腊县为实验区,基于德国DLR提供的双站模式Tan DEM-X Co SSC全极化干涉数据,采用三阶段算法、以及两种结合极化干涉优化的相位差分-相干幅度法反演了实验区的森林冠层高度。结果表明:三阶段算法的反演结果数值相对合理,与二类调查数据的空间分布格局相似;相位差分-相干幅度法的反演结果在林区出现部分负值,而在非林区却反演出冠层高度、且呈现条纹状,反演结果与二类调查数据的空间分布差异较大、相关性低。因此,三阶段算法结合双站模式的Tan DEM-X全极化干涉数据,能够在实际树高估测反演中发挥作用,为辅助森林资源调查工作提供了新手段。

极化干涉SAR森林冠层高反演的地形坡度改正

极化干涉SAR森林冠层高反演是当前SAR领域研究的热点。经典的森林冠层高反演算法主要基于随机地表二层相干散射模型(Random Volume over Ground,RVo G),该模型在山区受到植被层下地表的地形坡度影响,反演精度存在较大误差。为了提高森林冠层高反演精度,采用地形坡度改正的S-RVo G(Sloped Random Volume over Ground)模型,结合三阶段算法,应用德国宇航局DLR提供的星载Tan DEM-X全极化干涉数据反演森林冠层高,并对结果进行验证。结果表明:坡度级为II、III级,RVo G模型反演效果接近于S-RVo G模型;坡度级为IV级,RVo G模型与二调平均树高的相关关系明显下降,加权相对误差和RMSE增大;S-RVo G模型与二调平均树高保持显著相关关系,反演误差同比小于RVo G模型。因此,S-RVo G模型一定程度上改正了地形坡度造成的误差,提高了森林冠层高反演精度,在坡度大的地区精度提升程度更为明显。

Forest canopy height mapping over China using GLAS and MODIS data

The Geoscience Laser Altimeter System(GLAS)accurately detects the vertical structural information of a target within its laser spot and is a promising system for the inversion of structural features and other biophysical parameters of forest ecosystems.Since the GLAS footprints are discontinuously distributed with a relativity low density,continuous vegetation height distributions cannot be mapped with a high accuracy using GLAS data alone.The MODIS BRDF product provides more forest structural information than other optical remote sensing data.This study aimed to map forest canopy heights over China from the GLAS and MODIS BRDF data.Firstly,the waveform characteristic parameters were extracted from the GLAS data by the method of wavelet analysis,and the terrain index was calculated using the ASTER GDEM data.Secondly,the model reducing the topographic influence was constructed from the waveform characteristic parameters and terrain index.Thirdly,the final canopy height estimation model was constructed from the neural network combining the canopy height estimated with the GLAS point and the MODIS BRDF data,and applied to get the continuous canopy height map over China.Finally,the map was validated by the measured data and the airborne Li DAR data,and the validation results indicated that forest canopy heights can be estimated with high accuracy from combined GLAS and MODIS data.