语言转用之残余形式的活标本——北京市密云县檀营满族语言调查复议

语言转用是语言接触中的一个重要环节,或称为语言影响的极端或终极形式,也是语言关系研究中的一个重要内容。北京市密云县檀营满族蒙古族乡系北京地区少数民族典型世居社区之一,该乡的满族虽然从总体上已转用汉语,并已基本完成语言转用的全过程,但从调查数据和相关材料来看,檀营满族的口语和命名中仍局部保留了一些满语形式,某些群体主观上追逐和传承满族传统文化的心态,为我们提供了一个具有普遍意义的语言转用模式和活的研究标本,其独特的多学科研究价值不言而喻。本文力图在语言转用问题的认识上有所归纳和总结,并就目前国内外方兴未艾的濒危语言研究提出自己的某些看法和见解。

论民族地区社区治理中的公民参与——以北京市密云县檀营满族蒙古族乡为例

民族地区的社区治理是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要内容,也是构建社会主义和谐民族关系的主要方面,还是民族地区长治久安与跨越式发展的前提条件。而公民参与又是社区治理的核心所在,对民族地区基层民主建设以及和谐发展发挥着决定性的作用。可是由于民族地区社会发展程度较低、经济基础较薄弱等各方面的原因制约,社区各民族公民参与社区治理还处于起步阶段,所以本文以北京市密云县檀营满族蒙古族乡为例,对民族地区社区治理中公民参与的现状进行分析,并探讨进一步提升社区公民参与的广度和效度的途径。

让每个学生都精彩——北京市密云区檀营满族蒙古族乡中心小学 举行民族体育全员运动会

2018年5月25日,在北京市＂一校一品＂体育教学改革项目组的指导下,北京市密云区檀营满族蒙古族乡中心小学召开了＂让每个学生都精彩＂檀营满族蒙古族乡中心小学第一届民族体育全员运动会。一首由马头琴演奏的《草原上升起不落的太阳》将大会拉开了帷幕。运动会结合本校民族特点,开设了推铁环、旱地龙舟、跳竹竿接力、双飞舞、赛威呼等民族传统体育项目。

密云·檀营 民族团结进步创建风采

北京市密云区檀营满族蒙古族乡(檀营地区),总面积2.87平方公里,有汉、满、蒙古、回等各民族常住人口3.1万人。近年来,檀营地区聚焦铸牢中华民族共同体意识主线,建成密云民族文化园、党建公园、文化广场、健身园等一批休闲文化场地,为各族群众提供往来互动和文化交流的平台,着力构筑中华民族共有精神家园;开展铸牢中华民族共同体意识宣传教育进校园系列活动,引导各族青少年自觉维护民族团结,不断增强对中华文化的认同;举办形式多样的社区邻里节等活动,促进各族居民广泛交往交流交融,营造共居共学、共建共享、共事共乐的良好社会氛围,为密云区创建全国民族团结进步示范区奠定坚实基础。

檀营历史回顾

有清一代，满、蒙八旗驻防营遍及全国，密云旗营就是其中的一处。 密云地处京畿、紫塞间之要冲，东瞰沧海，西枕居庸，南当怀（柔）顺（义），北倚长城。清朝定鼎燕京，首重畿左防务。

Effects of Ca2+concentrations on accumulations of mineral elements in the components of Pteroceltis tatarinowii

The bark of Pteroceltis tatarinowii is a raw material for manufacturing Xuan Paper. The effects of Ca2+ concentrations on the accumulation of mineral elements in the bark, leaf and root of Pteroceltis tatarinowii were studied under controlled condi-tions. The types of Hoagland nutrient solution with three Ca2+ concentrations levels (200, 400 and 600 靏g-1) and a control (without Ca2+) were designed to culture Pteroceltis tatarinowii. After 6 months, contents of seven mineral elements including Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu and Na in the root, leaf and bark were analyzed. The results indicated that Ca accumulations content in the root, leaf and bark had positively relation with Ca2+ concentrations (200, 400, 600 靏g-1), and the order of the Ca content in the three components was root】leaf】bark. Ca content in the root treated with 600 靏g-1 Ca2+ concentrations was 5.5 times as high as that of the control, and about 1.4 times as high as that of the root treated in 200 and 400 靏/g Ca2+ concentrations respectively. On the contrary, K and Mg contents in the root, leaf and bark were negatively related to Ca2+ concentrations, especially in the bark, and their accumulation trend followed the order of leaf】root】bark. K content in the bark treated with 600 靏g-1 Ca2+ con-centrations was 39.3% of that of the control, and was 79.0% and 91.8% of that of the bark treated with 200 靏g-1 and 400靏g-1 Ca2+ concentrations respectively; Mg content in the bark treated with 600 靏g-1 Ca2+ concentrations was 23.4% of that of the control, and was 27.1% and 35.4% of that of the bark treated with 200 and 400 靏g-1 Ca2+ concentrations respectively. Com-pared with the control, the general tendency of Mn, Zn and Cu content decreased with increasing of Ca2+ concentrations and their contents were in the order: root】leaf】bark. Based on the results of this study, the experiment has been useful for providing academic bases in improving the bark quality of Pteroceltis tatarinowii on non-limestone soil.

对密云县食品厂实行亦工亦农劳动制度的調查

北京市郊密云水庫东南的檀营,有一个名叫密云县供銷合作社食品厂的工厂。这个工厂自去年大量加工果脯以来,使用了很多季节性临时工。这些季节性临时工,多数来自工厂附近的农村。他們农閑做工,农忙务农,厂里有活就干,无活就散。据有关部門介紹,实行这种亦工亦农劳动制度,有很多好处。为了具体地了解这个厂的做法,我們于八月中旬到厂里作了粗浅的調查。果脯是北京的著名特产之一,分青梅脯、杏脯、桃脯、枣脯、梨脯、紅果脯、京糕条等多种。野生或培植的桃、杏、梨、枣、紅果等,經过浸、煮、烤等加工过程后。