改进水吸附法用于C-S-H凝胶的半定量分析

在Olson水吸附法的基础上,针对其存在的问题,提出了改进水吸附法,然后用改进水吸附法对水泥中的C-S-H凝胶进行了半定量分析.

Ca(OH)_2解耦法用于C-S-H凝胶半定量分析的研究

本文分析了掺合料反应程度与Ca(OH)2消耗量之间的关系,提出新的C-S-H凝胶半定量分析方法Ca(OH)2解耦法,该方法计算出的水化产物中C-S-H凝胶数量与理论值较为相近,纯水泥C-S-H凝胶半定量分析的误差约为6%,而掺入掺合料后水泥浆体中水化早期、中期、后期水化产物中C-S-H凝胶半定量分析的误差分别约为:6%、5%、2%。

铅锌冶炼企业含砷废水处理技术的研究进展

文章针对铅锌冶炼企业含砷废水复杂,处理成本高且难以达标排放等问题,综合论述了各种含砷废水处理技术,通过论述及思考,并结合企业的实际生产情况,提出合理建议。

Synthesis of platy potassium magnesium titanate and its application in removal of copper ions from aqueous solution

Platy potassium magnesium titanate (K0.8Mg0.4Ti1.6O4, KMTO) was synthesized by a flux method. The potential application of KMTO in removing copper ions from water pollutants was investigated. The crystal phases of specimens were identified by XRD. The morphology and structural information were characterized by SEM and TEM. The adsorption behavior under different conditions was investigated, including different pH values and different initial copper ion concentrations. The results show that the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu(II) ions is 290.697 mg/g, and almost 99.9% of Cu(II) ions can be removed, which is much higher than that of other sorbents reported. The kinetics of KMTO for the adsorption of Cu(II)ions was studied and the best fit can be obtained by the pseudo-second-order model. Adsorption isothermal data can be well interpreted by the Freundlich equation (R2=0.991). In conclusion, this study highlights that KMTO is a potential material for the efficient removal of heavy metal ions in polluted water. It also opens up a new opportunity for the applications of platy KMTO.

pH Stability of Defibrase_ in Aqueous Solution Determined by En-zyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Stability of Defibrase in various pH buffer solutions was investigated. Enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) and coagulating time method were used to assess antigenic stability and coagulating stability, respectively. The change of antigenic activities and coagulating activities of Defibrase in the same buffer solutions (pH 6, 7 and 8, with the exception of pH 3.6) showed similar tendency to decline with the time. Concentrated Defi-brase was relatively stable at neutral pH 6~7, more than 95% of its initial activities (100BUmL-1) was kept after a 10-day storage at 40 oC, whereas in pH 3.6 and pH 9 buffer solutions, diluted Defibrase was very labile. Addition of Triton X-100 or bovine serum albumin could effectively prevent loss of Defibrase by minimizing adsorption of De-fibrase to plastic surface (P<0.005). Concentration of Defibrase could also affect its stability in aqueous solutions.

Measurement and engineering application of adsorbed water content in fine-grained soils

In this paper,the content and density of adsorbed water in fine-grained soil are determined.According to the test results,the calculation method of compaction degree of the solid-phase and void ration of soil is improved.Four kinds of fine-grained soils from different regions in China were selected,and the adsorbed water content and density of four kinds of fine-grained soils were determined by thermogravimetry and volumetric flask method.Furthermore,SEM and XRD experiments were used to analyze the differences in the ability of each soil sample to absorb water.In order to study the compression characteristics of adsorbed water,four saturated soil samples were tested by consolidation method.The results show that the desorption temperature range of the adsorbed water and its density were equal to 100−115℃and 1.30 g/cm^(3),respectively.Adsorbed water plays a positive role in keeping the compressibility of fine-grained soil at a low rate when it has high water content.Besides,adsorbed water can be a stable parameter and is difficult to discharge during the operation period of subgrade.The settlement of fine-grained soil embankment is predicted by engineering example,and compared with the result of conventional calculation method.The results show that it is more close to the field monitoring results by using the improved void ratio of soil as the parameter.

Synthesis and adsorption property of zeolite FAU/LTA from lithium slag with utilization of mother liquid

Co-crystalline zeolite FAU/LTA-0 was synthesized by hydrothermal method from lithium slag. To make the most of excess silicon and alkali sources in mother liquid derived from FAU/LTA-0, zeolite FAU/LTA-I b was synthesized in the same method with the use of mother liquid by adding a certain amount of aluminum source. Influences of different adding ways of aluminum source and recycling dosages of mother liquid on synthesis of zeolites FALl/ LTA with mother liquid were investigated. The phase, microstructure and thermostability of FAU/LTA-0 and FAU/LTA-lb were characterized by XRD, SEM and TG-DTA. The calcium and magnesium cation exchange capacities （CECs） of the zeolites were determined. The results have shown that co-crystalline zeolite can be synthesized with the use of mother liquid by adding aluminum source after 2 h of reaction. Compared with FAU/LTA-0, the crystal twinning structure of FAU/LTA-lb became weaker, the grain size was smaller, and the thermostability was better. With a lower dosage of mother liquid, the content of P-type impurity in product decreased significantly, and the content of LTA phase increased. The reuse rate of mother liquid can reach 48%. The CECs of FAU/LTA-I b-150 can reach 343 mg CaCO3. g-1 and 180 mg MgC03. g-1, showing more excellent adsorption capacities than FAU/LTA-0 and commercial zeolite 4A. The full recycling use of mother liquid to synthesize zeolite FAU/LTA which can be applied for detergent not only improves resource utilization but also reduces oroduction cost.

Arsenic Removal from Pinctada martensii Enzymatic Hydrolysate by Using Zr(Ⅳ)-Loaded Chelating Resin

The present study investigated the removal of inorganic arsenic from Pinctada martensii enzymatic hydrolysate through unmodified resin （D296） and Zr（IV）-loaded chelating resin （Zr-D401）. By loading Zr to macroporous chelating resin D401, the as exchange adsorption active sites are generated. This transforms D401 from a material that does not have the arsenic adsorption capacity into a material that has excellent arsenic exchange adsorption capacity. The static adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the optimal removal condition for D296 and Zr-D401. The experimental results show that： the optimum condition for D296 is that T= 25℃, pH= 5, resin additive amount= 1 g （50 mL）-1, and contact time = 10 h, the corresponding arsenic removal rate being 65.7%, and protein loss being 2.33%; the optimum condition for Zr-D401 is that T=25 ℃, pH = 8, resin additive amount= 1 g （50 mL）-1, and contact time=10 h, the corresponding arsenic removal rate being 70.3%, and protein loss being 4.65%. These results show that both of the two resins are effective in arsenic removal for preserving useful substance. Our research provides scientific evidence and advances in the processing technology for heavy metal removal in shellfish.

Adsorption Refrigeration Performance of Shaped MIL-101-Water Working Pair

A new metal-organic framework of MIL-101 was synthesized by hydrothermal method and the powder prepared was pressed into a desired shape. The effects of molding on specific surface area and pore structure were investigated using a nitrogen adsorption method. The water adsorption isotherms were obtained by high vacuum gravimetric method, the desorption temperature of water on shaped MIL-101 was measured by thermo gravimetric analyzer, and the adsorption refrigeration performance of shaped MIL-101-water working pair was studied on the simulation device of adsorption refrigeration cycle system. The results indicate that an apparent hysteresis loop ap-pears in the nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms when the forming pressure is 10 MPa. The equilibrium ad-sorption capacity of water is up to 0.95 kg·kg^-1 at the forming pressure of 3 MPa （MIL-101-3）. The desorption peak temperature of water on MIL-101-3 is 82℃, which is 7 ℃ lower than that of silica gel, and the desorption temperature is no more than 100 ℃. At the evaporation temperature of 10 ℃, the refrigeration capacity of MIL-101-3-water is 1059 kJ·kg^-1, which is 2.24 times higher than that of silica gel-water working pair. Thus MIL-101-water working pair presents an excellent adsorption refrigeration performance.

Regulatory effects of stage-treatment with established Chinese herbal formulas on inflammatory mediators in pediatric asthma

OBJECTIVE： To explore the regulatory effects of es- tablished Chinese herbal formulas on inflammatory mediators released during asthma attacks, and to elucidate the molecular mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the treatment of asthma. METHODS： Seventy-five asthmatic children were randomly divided into a Chinese medication group （45 cases） and a Western medication control group （30 cases）. Patients in the Chinese medication group were treated with a series of established Chi- nese herbal formulas, whereas the Western medica- tion control group received a leukotriene receptor antagonist and a bronchial relaxant. Real-time PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of interleukin （IL）-4, cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 （CysLTR1）, and interferon （IFN）-γ in peripheralblood mononuclear cells before and after treat- ment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the peripheral blood levels of IL-4, leukotriene （LTE）-4, and INF-γ before and after treat- ment. RESULTS： After treatment, the mRNA expression levels of 11-4 and CysLTR1 were down-regulated （P〈 0.01） and the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ were up-regulated （P〈0.05） in the Chinese medication and Western medication groups; no significant dif- ference was found between the two groups. In the Chinese medication group, IL-4 blood level was de- creased and it was significantly different from that in the Western medication group （P〈0.05）; there was also a significant increase in IFN-γ blood levels after treatment with Chinese medica- tion （P〈0.05）. There were no significant differenc- es in LTE-4 blood levels between the two groups before and after treatment （P〉0.05）. CONCLUSION： Chinese medication has a regulato- ry effect on leukotriene receptor gene expression and the imbalance of Th1/Th2 immune cells dur- ing asthma attacks in pediatric patients.