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一种传递流量量值的等精度传递系统 被引量:2
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作者 梁国伟 李文军 周宁宁 《宇航计测技术》 CSCD 2003年第2期41-46,共6页
提出了用同等级的流量仪表作为流量传递标准检定其它流量计的流量量值等精度传递系统 ,分析了等精度传递系统中影响传递准确度的各种因素。并用实验研究的方式对等精度传递系统的综合性能进行评价 ,试验表明 :只要流量仪表具有足够好的... 提出了用同等级的流量仪表作为流量传递标准检定其它流量计的流量量值等精度传递系统 ,分析了等精度传递系统中影响传递准确度的各种因素。并用实验研究的方式对等精度传递系统的综合性能进行评价 ,试验表明 :只要流量仪表具有足够好的重复性 。 展开更多
关键词 流量传递标准 流量仪表 等精度传递系统 检定 流量量值 准确度
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关于完善我国天然气流量量值溯源体系的探讨与建议 被引量:4
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作者 黄飞 《中国计量》 2005年第5期21-23,共3页
关键词 溯源体系 天然气流量 天然气工业 贸易计 流量量值 技术 健康发展
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天然气流量量值传递的统一性探讨 被引量:2
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作者 段继芹 陈荟宇 +1 位作者 袁平凡 郭绪明 《现代测量与实验室管理》 2003年第6期25-26,共2页
本文通过在不同流量量值传递系统上对用于天然气流量计量的流量计进行检定,分析目前天然气流量量值传递存在的问题,提出确保天然气流量量值传递统一的建议。
关键词 天然气 流量 流量量值传递系统 准确度
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流量量值的一致与传递
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作者 孙淮清 《石油化工自动化》 CAS 1998年第3期2-5,共4页
流量量值的一致与传递是流量测量的基础,其重要性是不言而喻的。我国流量量值的一致与传递仍处于不理想的状况,亟待改进与提高。对流量量值的一致与传递的基本原理,它的主要工作———原始标准的建立和传递标准的选用作了简要分析,... 流量量值的一致与传递是流量测量的基础,其重要性是不言而喻的。我国流量量值的一致与传递仍处于不理想的状况,亟待改进与提高。对流量量值的一致与传递的基本原理,它的主要工作———原始标准的建立和传递标准的选用作了简要分析,介绍了一种先进的量值传递方式———计量保证方案。它是测量过程的质量保证方案,值得在高准确度的量值传递及测量中大力推广采用。 展开更多
关键词 流量量值 传递标准 流量 保证方案 流量
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《钟罩式气体流量标准装置》计量检定规程有关内容说明 被引量:2
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作者 徐英华 杨有涛 《中国计量》 2005年第11期21-22,共2页
关键词 钟罩式气体流量标准装置 检定规程 科学技术水平 气体流量 流量量值 修订 国内
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“流量测量方法和仪表选用”讲座——第24讲 流量仪表的校验(二)
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作者 孙淮清 《自动化仪表》 CAS 北大核心 1999年第2期43-45,共3页
4 流量量值的统一与传递4.1 流量量值传递的方法流量量值的实物标准是一座流量标准装置,亦称原始标准,它把基本量(长度、质量、时间、温度)在装置上综合为导出量——流量,把量值传递给一台或一组标准流量计,亦称传递标准,用它来统一与... 4 流量量值的统一与传递4.1 流量量值传递的方法流量量值的实物标准是一座流量标准装置,亦称原始标准,它把基本量(长度、质量、时间、温度)在装置上综合为导出量——流量,把量值传递给一台或一组标准流量计,亦称传递标准,用它来统一与传递全国的量值,全国必须建立一定组织形式的量值传递系统,亦称计量检定系统,把最高基准(原始标准)的量值传递到工作流量计.4.2 原始标准的建立4.2.1 流量量值的特点①流量为自然界不存在实物标准的导出量,需在特定条件下由基本量(长度、质量、时间、温度)合成;②流量为动态量,只有被测对象发生运动才表现出来的物理量,所以它不仅是基本量的静态组合.由于其动态性质,流量量值受诸多因素的影响,如流体内微观分子之间的相互作用,宏观的湍流,旋涡运动的影响,在试验管道内受管道边界条件的制约.因此流量的实物标准的精确度由二部分状况决定,流量标准(基本量标准的组合)和参比工作条件(由环境、动力源和流动条件组成); 展开更多
关键词 流量 流量仪表 校验 流量量值
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基于HPPP法的高压大流量天然气计量检定站系统工艺 被引量:12
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作者 徐明 闫文灿 陆玉城 《油气储运》 CAS 北大核心 2018年第7期810-815,共6页
在中国已建成的高压天然气检定站中,原级标准装置所采用的方法仅有质量时间法(mt)。国家石油天然气大流量计量站武汉分站通过研究工艺流程、标准装置的组成与技术指标、天然气流量量值传递与溯源方法,建立了以高压活塞体积管法(High Pre... 在中国已建成的高压天然气检定站中,原级标准装置所采用的方法仅有质量时间法(mt)。国家石油天然气大流量计量站武汉分站通过研究工艺流程、标准装置的组成与技术指标、天然气流量量值传递与溯源方法,建立了以高压活塞体积管法(High Pressure Piston Prover,HPPP)为原级标准装置的高压天然气计量检定站,形成了完整的系统配套技术,完善了天然气流量量值溯源和传递体系,促进了中国天然气计量水平的进步。通过与国际上现有高压天然气原级标准技术指标的对比,给出了原级标准装置的测试数据和评价结果,标志着国家石油天然气大流量计量站武汉分站的原级标准达到了国际先进水平。 展开更多
关键词 高压天然气 标准装置 流量量值 检定
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高准确度钟罩的研究 被引量:1
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作者 李旭 王池 崔骊水 《中国计量》 2008年第1期64-66,共3页
钟罩式气体流量基准装置(以下简称“钟罩”)是原级装置,在气体流量量值的传递系统和气体流量计检测中起着关键性的作用,我国计量系统大量使用钟罩作为气体流量的标准装置,但由于受国内生产工艺水平的制约,其技术指标一直没有提高,且... 钟罩式气体流量基准装置(以下简称“钟罩”)是原级装置,在气体流量量值的传递系统和气体流量计检测中起着关键性的作用,我国计量系统大量使用钟罩作为气体流量的标准装置,但由于受国内生产工艺水平的制约,其技术指标一直没有提高,且生产和使用仍停留在20世纪70年代的水平,与国际先进水平有着较大的差距。以2000L钟罩为例,装置的准确度为0.2%~0.5%,工作压力为4500Pa,装置的压力波动为20Pa。而国外最好的钟罩装置的准确度已经达到0.06%、压力波动10Pa。 展开更多
关键词 高准确度 钟罩式 气体流量 标准装置 工艺水平 压力波动 传递系统 流量量值
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DN15~300水流量标准装置的研究
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《中国科技成果》 2016年第15期F0003-F0003,共1页
水流量标准装置开展流量计量与测试、流量量值的量值传递以及流量计量的研究的重要测量系统装置。本装置是依据国际标准以及我国新技术规范设计和建设的。该系统装置由循环水池、水泵组、稳压容器、过滤消气器、试验管路、标准器、换向... 水流量标准装置开展流量计量与测试、流量量值的量值传递以及流量计量的研究的重要测量系统装置。本装置是依据国际标准以及我国新技术规范设计和建设的。该系统装置由循环水池、水泵组、稳压容器、过滤消气器、试验管路、标准器、换向器、回水明渠以及数据采集系统等部分组成。 展开更多
关键词 流量标准装置 数据采集系统 流量 系统 传递 流量量值 国际标准 循环水池
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Nitric Oxide Emission Following Wetting of Dry Soils in Subtropical Humid Forests 被引量:2
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作者 LI De-Jun and WANG Xin-Ming 2 State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640 (China) 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第6期692-699,共8页
Information about soil nitric oxide (NO) emissions from subtropical forests is quite limited, and even less is known about the pulse emission of NO when wetting soils after a long period of dryness. In this study, w... Information about soil nitric oxide (NO) emissions from subtropical forests is quite limited, and even less is known about the pulse emission of NO when wetting soils after a long period of dryness. In this study, we measured NO fluxes following wetting of dry soft in a broadleaf forest and a pine forest in subtropical China. Large pulses of NO fluxes were observed after soil wetting in both forests. NO fluxes increased significantly within 0.5 h following wetting in both forests and reached peak 1 and 4 h after soil wetting in the pine forest and the broadleaf forest, respectively. In the broadleaf forest, averaged peak flux of NO pulses was 157 ng N m^-2 s^-1, which was 8 times the flux value before wetting, and in the pine forest, the averaged peak flux was 135 ng N m-2 s 1, which was 15.5 times the flux value before wetting. The total pulses-induced NO emissions during the dry season were roughly estimated to be 29.4 mg N m^-2 in the broadleaf forest and 22.2 mg N m^-2 in the pine forest or made up a proportion of 4.6% of the annual NO emission in the broadleaf forest and 5.3% in the pine forest. 展开更多
关键词 dry season flux. NO. pulse subtropical China
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The Impact of Carbon Emissions on Asset Values and Operating Cash Flows: Evidence From Australian Listed Companies
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作者 Li Yongqing Ian Eddie Liu Jinghui 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2013年第1期94-111,共18页
In November 2011, the Australian government approved the legislation (Clean Energy Act 2011) to introduce a reduction plan of carbon emissions in Australia. This plan will be implemented from July 2012. This is one ... In November 2011, the Australian government approved the legislation (Clean Energy Act 2011) to introduce a reduction plan of carbon emissions in Australia. This plan will be implemented from July 2012. This is one of the first accounting studies to investigate the potential impacts of this plan on long-lived asset values and operating cash flows for Australian listed companies. A sample of Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) 200 indexed companies from 2'006 to 2010 is used. Hypotheses are tested based on Heckman's (1979) two-stage approach. Three regression models are developed to examine the association between carbon emissions and asset values/operating cash flows. This study finds that asset values and operating cash flows will be adversely affected, if the reduction plan is implemented. Specifically, this study finds that the book value of long-lived assets will decrease, if listed companies are considered to be emissions-liable. The book value of long-lived assets is further found to be negatively associated with listed companies' carbon emission levels. This study also demonstrates that operating cash flows of emissions-liable companies will be adversely affected. However, this study does not find a relationship between operating cash flows and companies' emission levels. The empirical findings from Australian listed companies provide the evidence that the reduction plan of carbon emissions will adversely affect corporate entities' asset values and operating cash flows. The results further indicate that the magnitude of the impact will be proportional to the companies' emission levels. The implications of these empirical findings for listed companies, for the accounting profession, and for carbon emission regulators are also discussed. 展开更多
关键词 carbon emissions reduction asset values operating cash flows AUSTRALIA
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Measurement and Numerical Simulation of a Small Centrifugal Compressor Characteristics at Small or Negative Flow Rate 被引量:3
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作者 Kaname Tsukamoto Mizuki Okada +2 位作者 Yuzo Inokuchi Nobuhiko Yamasaki Akihiro Yamagata 《Journal of Thermal Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第2期107-112,共6页
For centrifugal compressors used in automotive turbochargers, the extension of the surge margin is demanded because of lower engine speed. In order to estimate the surge line exactly, it is required to acquire the com... For centrifugal compressors used in automotive turbochargers, the extension of the surge margin is demanded because of lower engine speed. In order to estimate the surge line exactly, it is required to acquire the compressor characteristics at small or negative flow rate. In this paper, measurement and numerical simulation of the characteristics at small or negative flow rate are carried out. In the measurement, an experimental facility with a valve immediately downstream of the compressor is used to suppress the surge. In the numerical work, a new boundary condition that specifies mass flow rate at the outlet boundary is used to simulate the characteristics around the zero flow rate region. Furthermore, flow field analyses at small or negative flow rate are performed with the numerical results. The separated and re-circulated flow fields are investigated by visualization to identify the origin of losses. 展开更多
关键词 centrifugal compressor TURBOCHARGER MEASUREMENT CFD RANS SURGE small flow negative flow
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Numerical studies of the effects of phase transitions on Venusian mantle convection 被引量:2
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作者 YANG An WENG HuiHui HUANG JinShui 《Science China Earth Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第10期1883-1894,共12页
This paper presents a study on the effects of phase transitions on the mantle convection of Venus in a three-dimensional (3D) spherical shell domain. Our model includes strong depth- and temperature-dependent viscos... This paper presents a study on the effects of phase transitions on the mantle convection of Venus in a three-dimensional (3D) spherical shell domain. Our model includes strong depth- and temperature-dependent viscosity and exothermic phase change from olivine to spinel as well as endothermic phase change from spinel to perovskite. From extensive numerical simulations of the effects of Rayleigh number (Ra), and the Clapeyron slopes and depths of phase changes, we found the following: (1) The endothermic phase change prevents mass flow through the interface. Increasing the absolute value of the Clapeyron slopes decreases radial mass flux and normalized radial mass flux at the endotbermic phase boundary, and decreases the number of mantle plumes. In other words, mass flow through the phase boundary decreases. The inhibition influence of phase changes increases, as do convective wavelengths. (2) Increasing Ra also increases the convective wavelength and decreases the number of mantle plumes, but it has less influence on the mass exchange. As Ra increases, the convective vigor increases along with the radial mass flux and the mass flow through the phase boundary; however, the normalized mass flux through the phase boundary varies little with Ra, which is different from the conclusion that increasing Ra will greatly increase the inhibition of mass flow through the phase boundary based on two-dimensional (2D) modeling. (3) Increasing the depth of endothermic phase change will slightly decrease the number of mantle plumes, but has little effect on the mass flow through the phase boundary. Consistent with previous studies, our results show that the phase change from spinel to perovskite could inhibit the mass flow through the phase boundary, but they also show that the buildup of hot materials under the endothermic phase boundary in the 3D model could not be so large as to cause strong episodic overturns of mantle materials, which is quite different from previous 2D studies. Our results suggest that it is difficult for phase changes to cause significant magmatism on Venus; in other words, phase changes may not be the primary cause of catastrophic resurfacing on Venus. 展开更多
关键词 VENUS catastrophic resurfacing mantle convection phase changes
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Mott insulator-superfluid phase transition in a detuned multi-connected Jaynes-Cummings lattice
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作者 SEO Kangjun TIAN Lin 《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第7期17-22,共6页
The connectivity and tunability of superconducting quantum devices provide a rich platform to build quantum simulators and study novel many-body physics. Here we study quantum phase transition in a detuned multi-conne... The connectivity and tunability of superconducting quantum devices provide a rich platform to build quantum simulators and study novel many-body physics. Here we study quantum phase transition in a detuned multi-connected Jaynes-Cummings lattice, which can be constructed with superconducting circuits. This model is composed of alternatively connected qubits and cavity modes.Using a numerical method, we show that by varying the detuning between the qubits and the cavities, a phase transition from the superfluid phase to the Mott insulator phase occurs at commensurate fillings in a one-dimensional array. We study the phase transition in lattices with symmetric and asymmetric couplings, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 superconducting quantum devices quantum simulation Jaynes-Cummings lattice phase transition
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A parameter-free upwind scheme for all speeds' simulations 被引量:1
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作者 QU Feng YAN Chao +1 位作者 SUN Di YUAN Wu 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第3期434-442,共9页
With the rapid development of the computational fluid dynamics(CFD),a parameter-free upwind scheme capable of simulating all speeds accurately and efficiently is in high demand.To achieve this goal,we present a new up... With the rapid development of the computational fluid dynamics(CFD),a parameter-free upwind scheme capable of simulating all speeds accurately and efficiently is in high demand.To achieve this goal,we present a new upwind scheme called AUSMPWM in this paper.This scheme computes the numerical mass flux as the AUSMPW+and computes the interfacial sound speed in a different way.Also,it computes the pressure flux by limiting the dissipation if the Mach number is less than 1.Series of numerical experiments show that AUSMPWM can satisfy the following attractive properties independent of any tuning coefficient:(1)Robustness against the shock anomaly and high discontinuity’s resolution;(2)high accuracy on hypersonic heating prediction and capability to give smooth reproductions of heating profiles;(3)low dissipation at low speeds;and(4)strong grid,reconstruction scheme,and Mach number independence in low speeds’simulations.These properties suggest that AUSMPWM is promising to be widely used to accurately and efficiently simulate flows of all speeds. 展开更多
关键词 shock anomaly AUSMPW+ ausmpwm all speeds computational fluid dynamics
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Effects of Measuring Positions on the Measured Aerodynamic Performance of a Centrifugal Compressor 被引量:1
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作者 Hongwei MA Jun ZHANG 《Journal of Thermal Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2010年第2期110-114,共5页
This paper performs a numerical simulation of three-dimensional flow field in a centrifugal compressor with long inlet and outlet pipes using CFX software.By arranging virtual probes at different positions in both inl... This paper performs a numerical simulation of three-dimensional flow field in a centrifugal compressor with long inlet and outlet pipes using CFX software.By arranging virtual probes at different positions in both inlet and outlet planes,the aerodynamic performance of the centrifugal compressor is measured and compared with each other.Then effects of measuring positions on measurement results are discussed.The results show that it will generate notable measuring errors of the pressure ratio and efficiency if the inlet total pressure is measured using a single-point probe.The inlet total pressure data can be accurate when they are measured using a 3-point rake.The outlet total pressure and total temperature data can not be accurate if they are respectively measured at one circumferential position even using a multi-point rake.Increasing tangential measuring positions at the outlet is effective to improve the test accuracy.When the outlet total pressure and total temperature are respectively measured at 3 tangential positions,the data can be almost accurate. 展开更多
关键词 centrifugal compressor aerodynamics performance measuring error measurement position probe.
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