为探究棉花海陆回交群体盛铃期的光合特性及其生理基础,筛选海陆杂交后代高光效种质资源,以陆地棉‘系9’为母本、海岛棉‘新海16’为父本构建的115份BC4F2:4株系群体为研究对象,测定其在田间条件下的光合参数及生理生化指标,利用描述...为探究棉花海陆回交群体盛铃期的光合特性及其生理基础,筛选海陆杂交后代高光效种质资源,以陆地棉‘系9’为母本、海岛棉‘新海16’为父本构建的115份BC4F2:4株系群体为研究对象,测定其在田间条件下的光合参数及生理生化指标,利用描述性统计、相关性分析、回归分析、主成分分析和聚类分析评价子代株系的育种潜力。结果表明,回交群体的15个性状变异丰富,变异系数在8.96%~51.09%,其中净光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、气孔导度、水蒸气压亏缺、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性9个性状变异系数均在20%以上。相关性分析发现,海陆回交群体不仅在光合或生理生化指标各自内部存在显著相关性,在光合与生理生化指标之间也存在显著相关性,其中叶绿素相对值(soil and plant analyzer develotrnent,SPAD)与14个性状的相关性均达到显著水平。多元逐步回归分析构建出10个光合生理指标的最佳回归方程。主成分分析提取了5个主成分,累计贡献率达78.608%,第1和第4主成分有效解释群体生理指标,第2、第3和第5主成分有效解释群体光合性状。Ward.D层次聚类法将群体划分为4类,第Ⅰ、第Ⅱ、第Ⅲ和第Ⅳ类群占总材料的百分比分别为33.91%、10.43%、29.57%和26.09%,且第Ⅳ类群的30份材料是综合性状较好的棉花种质,可作为适合育种需要的高光效品系。研究结果为棉花高光效育种提供了理论依据及材料支撑。展开更多
海陆降水分布差异是热带海陆气象系统相互作用最显著的现象之一。本研究利用2000至2019年的高分辨率GSMaP遥感降水数据,系统性地分析了中国最大的热带海岛——海南岛及其邻近海域的海陆降水分布特征及其年际和年代际变化。研究显示,海...海陆降水分布差异是热带海陆气象系统相互作用最显著的现象之一。本研究利用2000至2019年的高分辨率GSMaP遥感降水数据,系统性地分析了中国最大的热带海岛——海南岛及其邻近海域的海陆降水分布特征及其年际和年代际变化。研究显示,海南岛降水分布呈现明显的空间和时间差异,尤其是东部海岸降水量最多,而西部最少。此外,陆地降水普遍多于海洋,特别是在文昌市至万宁市一带。在年际变化方面,海洋和陆地降水变化模式相似,但极值年份不同,其中东南部海岸在2009年和2010年降水量达到峰值。雨季降水主要集中在东南部,而旱季降水较少,且同样呈现东多西少的格局。季节性降水分析表明,降水主要集中在5月至10月,尤其是8月和10月分别是海洋和陆地的降水高峰。此外,不同强度的降水事件主要发生在6月至10月,特别是在9月和10月。在寒潮影响下,冬季降水在北部多于南部,这主要由于冷空气在五指山地区形成静止锋。Differences in sea-land precipitation distribution are one of the most significant phenomena in the interaction of tropical sea-land meteorological systems. This study systematically analyses the characteristics of sea-land precipitation distribution and its interannual and interdecadal variations over Hainan Island, the largest tropical island in China, and its adjacent seas using high-resolution GSMaP remotely sensed precipitation data from 2000 to 2019. The study shows that the precipitation distribution on Hainan Island exhibits obvious spatial and temporal variations, especially on the eastern coast, where precipitation is the highest, and on the western coast, where it is the lowest. In addition, land precipitation is generally more significant than that of the ocean, especially along the area from Wenchang City to Wanning City. In terms of interannual variability, the patterns of ocean and land precipitation changes are similar, but the extreme years are different, with the southeastern coast having peak precipitation in 2009 and 2010. Precipitation in the rainy season is mainly concentrated in the southeast, while precipitation in the dry season is less, and again shows a pattern of more in the east and less in the west. Seasonal precipitation analyses show that precipitation is mainly concentrated from May to October, especially in August and October, which are the peaks of precipitation in the ocean and on land, respectively. In addition, precipitation events of different intensities occur mainly from June to October, especially in September and October. Under the influence of cold waves, winter precipitation is more in the north than in the south, which is mainly due to the formation of stationary fronts by cold air in the Wuzhishan region.展开更多
文摘为探究棉花海陆回交群体盛铃期的光合特性及其生理基础,筛选海陆杂交后代高光效种质资源,以陆地棉‘系9’为母本、海岛棉‘新海16’为父本构建的115份BC4F2:4株系群体为研究对象,测定其在田间条件下的光合参数及生理生化指标,利用描述性统计、相关性分析、回归分析、主成分分析和聚类分析评价子代株系的育种潜力。结果表明,回交群体的15个性状变异丰富,变异系数在8.96%~51.09%,其中净光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、气孔导度、水蒸气压亏缺、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性9个性状变异系数均在20%以上。相关性分析发现,海陆回交群体不仅在光合或生理生化指标各自内部存在显著相关性,在光合与生理生化指标之间也存在显著相关性,其中叶绿素相对值(soil and plant analyzer develotrnent,SPAD)与14个性状的相关性均达到显著水平。多元逐步回归分析构建出10个光合生理指标的最佳回归方程。主成分分析提取了5个主成分,累计贡献率达78.608%,第1和第4主成分有效解释群体生理指标,第2、第3和第5主成分有效解释群体光合性状。Ward.D层次聚类法将群体划分为4类,第Ⅰ、第Ⅱ、第Ⅲ和第Ⅳ类群占总材料的百分比分别为33.91%、10.43%、29.57%和26.09%,且第Ⅳ类群的30份材料是综合性状较好的棉花种质,可作为适合育种需要的高光效品系。研究结果为棉花高光效育种提供了理论依据及材料支撑。
文摘海陆降水分布差异是热带海陆气象系统相互作用最显著的现象之一。本研究利用2000至2019年的高分辨率GSMaP遥感降水数据,系统性地分析了中国最大的热带海岛——海南岛及其邻近海域的海陆降水分布特征及其年际和年代际变化。研究显示,海南岛降水分布呈现明显的空间和时间差异,尤其是东部海岸降水量最多,而西部最少。此外,陆地降水普遍多于海洋,特别是在文昌市至万宁市一带。在年际变化方面,海洋和陆地降水变化模式相似,但极值年份不同,其中东南部海岸在2009年和2010年降水量达到峰值。雨季降水主要集中在东南部,而旱季降水较少,且同样呈现东多西少的格局。季节性降水分析表明,降水主要集中在5月至10月,尤其是8月和10月分别是海洋和陆地的降水高峰。此外,不同强度的降水事件主要发生在6月至10月,特别是在9月和10月。在寒潮影响下,冬季降水在北部多于南部,这主要由于冷空气在五指山地区形成静止锋。Differences in sea-land precipitation distribution are one of the most significant phenomena in the interaction of tropical sea-land meteorological systems. This study systematically analyses the characteristics of sea-land precipitation distribution and its interannual and interdecadal variations over Hainan Island, the largest tropical island in China, and its adjacent seas using high-resolution GSMaP remotely sensed precipitation data from 2000 to 2019. The study shows that the precipitation distribution on Hainan Island exhibits obvious spatial and temporal variations, especially on the eastern coast, where precipitation is the highest, and on the western coast, where it is the lowest. In addition, land precipitation is generally more significant than that of the ocean, especially along the area from Wenchang City to Wanning City. In terms of interannual variability, the patterns of ocean and land precipitation changes are similar, but the extreme years are different, with the southeastern coast having peak precipitation in 2009 and 2010. Precipitation in the rainy season is mainly concentrated in the southeast, while precipitation in the dry season is less, and again shows a pattern of more in the east and less in the west. Seasonal precipitation analyses show that precipitation is mainly concentrated from May to October, especially in August and October, which are the peaks of precipitation in the ocean and on land, respectively. In addition, precipitation events of different intensities occur mainly from June to October, especially in September and October. Under the influence of cold waves, winter precipitation is more in the north than in the south, which is mainly due to the formation of stationary fronts by cold air in the Wuzhishan region.
