青藏高原腹地湖泊沉积序列与古气候变化

在青藏高原综合科学考察中,选择其腹地系列剖面的沉积物记录进行地层气候学和同位素气候学的研究。沉积物记录的气候变化与同位素丰度变化的响应关系十分吻合,其时间尺度和分辨率也能够互为补偿,在较大范围内覆盖了32ka BP以来的古气候环境变化。更为有意义的是,清晰准确地检出新仙女本期气候冷干颤动事件,用同位素丰度变化拟合的降温幅度可达11C;并且识别出“仙女木期”(包括老—中—新仙女木事件)高分辩率气候变化时段,时间窗为13～9.8 ka BP,这在青藏高原及中国大陆的古气候分析中是首次。而且冰后期气候变化中,高原腹地的发展过程具有“早博”(或“早跳”)现象,对中国古气候变化和现代气候预测具有借鉴价值。

青藏高原腹地32kaB.P.以来的古气候变化

在青藏高原综合科学考察中 ,选择其腹地系列剖面的沉积物记录进行地层气候学和同位素气候学的研究 .沉积物记录的气候变化与同位素丰度变化的响应关系十分吻合 ,其时间尺度和分辨率也能够互为补偿 ,在较大范围内覆盖了 3 2kaB .P .以来的古气候环境变化 .更为有意义的是 ,清晰准确地检出新仙女木期气候冷干颤动事件 ,用同位素丰度变化拟合的降温幅度可达 11℃ .这一气候事件与高原周边地区和中国东部地区以及全球变化均可进行对比 .而且冰后期气候变化中 ,高原腹地的发展过程具有“早博”(或“早跳”)现象 .

The formation and evolution of the Qiaojia pull-apart basin,North Xiaojiang Fault Zone,Southwest China

Sedimentary sequences with drastic thickening over short distances have been observed in Qiaojia County,Yunnan Province,Southwest China.These are related to a pull-apart basin controlled by the Xiaojiang strike-slip fault.Our field investigations include determining the surface characteristics of the Qiaojia basin which consists of three terrace sequences and a series of alluvial fans.Several drill holes were used to reveal the internal structure of the basin.The results suggest that the basinal sediments are over 300 m thick.From bottom to top,they can be classified into five different units.We inferred that the units of lacustrine sediments are deposited in a paleolake which was formed by a paleo-landslide.Accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating(AMS ^(14)C dating) was used to estimate the ages of the terrace and lacustrine sediments.We use the results to infer that the paleo-lake has existed about 15,000 years and that the Qiaojia basin was uplifted at an average rate of 3.3 mm/a.Furthermore,we then model the evolution process of the basin and interpreted 6 phases of development.

Variation in δ^(15)N of a lacustrine sedimentary sequence in the Nanling Mountains and its potential implication for climatic conditions over the past ~16000 years

Although extensive studies have been performed on nitrogen isotopes in lake sediments, understanding the complexity of the δ15N variation related to past environmental and climatic conditions still remains unclear. Supported by multi-proxy records including litho-units, organic carbon isotopes, ration of total organic carbon and total nitrogen, organic matter content, bulk dry density, the accumulation rate of organic matter, median grain size, magnetic susceptibility, and Rb/Sr and Ca/Mg ratios obtained from a sedimentary sequence in a small lake （i.e., Dahu Swamp） in the eastern Nanling Mountains in South China, we deduce that variation in the δ15N values results primarily from the sources of organic matter, which are significantly influenced by climatic conditions over the past -16 000 years. A low （or high） lake level resulting from dry （or wet） conditions would lead to more （or fewer） vascular plant remains in the sediments and stronger （or weaker） denitrification associated with hypolimnetic anoxia, resulting in lower （or higher） 615N values. In addition, dry （or wet） conditions would favor weakened （or strengthened） biogeochemical activity in the catchment, which could result in less （or more） external input of δ15N-enriched OM, thus leading to decreased （or increased） δ15N values. Our results indicate that the lake sediment δ15N record in the Nanling Mountains has the potential to provide valuable insight into past East Asian monsoon climate- driven environmental changes.

Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Hougou Paleolithic site in the Nihewan Basin,North China

The fluvio-lacustrine sedimentary sequences in the Nihewan Basin, northern China, are important for studying Quaternary land mammal evolution and Paleolithic settlements in the high-latitude temperate East Asia. Here we report new magnetostrati- graphic results that constrain age of the Hougou Paleolithic site in this basin. Magnetite and hematite were identified as carriers of the characteristic remanent magnetizations, with the former being dominant. Magnetic polarity stratigraphy shows that the Hougou sequence recorded the very late Matuyama reverse chron and the Brunhes normal chron. The age of the Hougou Paleolithic site was estimated to be 395 ka based on an averaged rate of sediment accumulation. The combination of our mag- netostratigraphy and previously published chronological data for early Paleolithic or human sites in the high-latitude northern China may document a persistent colonization of the hostile high-latitude areas of the eastern Old World during the mid- die-early Pleistocene.