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刍议铬渣的矿物属性及化学处理的实践研究
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作者 梁征 《世界有色金属》 2017年第12期234-235,共2页
英国的工业革命之后,化工产业迎来了属于它的专属时代。从一个国家的兴旺发展过程来看,以化工产业为代表的重工业发挥着不可代替的作用,直至今日,人们生活中的很多必需品仍要通过化工生产得到。万物都是一个矛盾统一体,化工生产带给人... 英国的工业革命之后,化工产业迎来了属于它的专属时代。从一个国家的兴旺发展过程来看,以化工产业为代表的重工业发挥着不可代替的作用,直至今日,人们生活中的很多必需品仍要通过化工生产得到。万物都是一个矛盾统一体,化工生产带给人们便利的生活条件的同时,也会带来一定的负面影响。本文以铬渣生产为例,由于铬渣存在较强的毒性和污染能力,为尽量减小损失,需要对铬渣的矿物属性有一定的掌握和了解,以便于采取合理的化学处理措施,实现化工生产的绿色、生态、可持续发展。 展开更多
关键词 铬渣 矿物属性 化学处理 实践研究
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粉煤灰矿物学资源属性和环境属性 被引量:4
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作者 王武名 韩丽 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》 CAS CSCD 2007年第4期382-388,共7页
粉煤灰一直被认为是固体废物,其资源属性和环境属性未能得到认可。本文从矿物资源角度,将粉煤灰"传统"的固体废物概念转变到"非传统"的矿物资源上来,提出了粉煤灰的矿物学资源属性和环境属性,探讨了它作为矿物资源... 粉煤灰一直被认为是固体废物,其资源属性和环境属性未能得到认可。本文从矿物资源角度,将粉煤灰"传统"的固体废物概念转变到"非传统"的矿物资源上来,提出了粉煤灰的矿物学资源属性和环境属性,探讨了它作为矿物资源在建材、化工和农业等领域的应用,阐明其环境属性。粉煤灰的环境效应体现在对陆地生态系统和水生生态系统影响与危害。然而,粉煤灰在治理环境污染和保护生态方面也有着积极的作用,如处理废水、烟气脱硫和合成环境功能材料等。 展开更多
关键词 粉煤灰 矿物学资源属性 环境属性 环境效应 环境功能材料
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矿物解理属性在宝石鉴定中的运用实践微探
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作者 秦宏宇 《科技创新与应用》 2016年第26期57-57,共1页
宝石是首饰种类之一,很多人们喜欢佩戴宝石,但是,很多不法分子在利益的驱使下,往往会生产或者倒卖一些虚假的宝石,严重的侵犯了消费者的合法权益,因此,如何有效的鉴定宝石,就成为了一项重要的工作。对此,文章通过下文对矿物解理属性在... 宝石是首饰种类之一,很多人们喜欢佩戴宝石,但是,很多不法分子在利益的驱使下,往往会生产或者倒卖一些虚假的宝石,严重的侵犯了消费者的合法权益,因此,如何有效的鉴定宝石,就成为了一项重要的工作。对此,文章通过下文对矿物解理属性在宝石鉴定中应用的相关内容进行了论述,从而为有关部门及工作人员在实际工作中提供一定帮助作用。 展开更多
关键词 矿物解理属性 宝石鉴定 运用实践
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矿物解理属性在宝石鉴定中的应用
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《宝石和宝石学杂志》 CAS 2004年第2期44-44,共1页
关键词 宝石 鉴定 矿物属性 解理
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矿物组分“数字指纹”模型的建立和应用 被引量:1
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作者 魏红兵 刘青山 +2 位作者 孙世明 谷松海 武力超 《工业技术经济》 CSSCI 2010年第11期105-109,共5页
在我国进出口的矿物中,矿物组分和原产国存在一定程度的对应,但是否存在如同"指纹"一样的元素组合,通过检测这些元素组合能否准确判断该矿物的产地国?这是本文要探究的问题。本文首先采用逐步判别法对不同元素和产地国的关联... 在我国进出口的矿物中,矿物组分和原产国存在一定程度的对应,但是否存在如同"指纹"一样的元素组合,通过检测这些元素组合能否准确判断该矿物的产地国?这是本文要探究的问题。本文首先采用逐步判别法对不同元素和产地国的关联程度进行计算,筛选出"指纹"元素的组合;然后采用非参数判别方法,建立指纹模型,并利用天津出入境检验检疫局提供的历史数据集来检测该模型的可靠性。对于丰富和完善分析化学的取样和矿物检测理论具有重要的理论和实际意义。 展开更多
关键词 指纹模型 逐步判别法 线性判别法 矿物属性
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工业矿物信息系统
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作者 闫金梅 刘云勇 《矿业快报》 2003年第11期42-43,共2页
本系统立足于为广大从事与工业矿物相关工作的人员提供系统、可靠的查询和查新服务 ,全面收集了国内国外有关工业矿物的各种信息和资料。
关键词 工业矿物 信息系统 信息查询 信息服务 矿物属性管理
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环境矿物学研究进展(2011~2020年) 被引量:7
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作者 鲁安怀 王长秋 李艳 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第5期881-898,I0002,共19页
环境矿物学聚焦矿物所禀赋的环境属性,研究矿物在记录环境、影响环境、评价环境、治理环境以及参与生物作用等方面的功能及其中蕴涵的理论方法。环境矿物学研究一方面为治理全球环境污染和生态破坏提供重要理论指导和技术支撑,同时也有... 环境矿物学聚焦矿物所禀赋的环境属性,研究矿物在记录环境、影响环境、评价环境、治理环境以及参与生物作用等方面的功能及其中蕴涵的理论方法。环境矿物学研究一方面为治理全球环境污染和生态破坏提供重要理论指导和技术支撑,同时也有助于深刻理解地球物质演化、生命起源进化及全球环境演变的宏观过程等重大理论问题。2011~2020这十年间,我国学者在矿物日光催化及其与微生物协同作用、纳米矿物及其改性产物的环境功能、生物矿化作用等研究领域获得了新认识,提出了自然界矿物光电子能量、光电能微生物等新观点,发现了半导体矿物与微生物胞外电子传递的新机制。本文从地表多圈层交互作用产物“矿物膜”的环境属性、矿物与微生物交互作用的环境效应、纳米矿物及其环境功能、生物矿化作用及其环境效应以及人体病理性矿化作用等方面,综述了近十年我国环境矿物学研究的进展,并展望了环境矿物学的发展方向。 展开更多
关键词 环境矿物 矿物环境属性 纳米矿物 矿物与微生物 生物矿化作用
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几种膨润土的性质及应用
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作者 徐庆柏 谢迪克 《铸造工程.造型材料》 2000年第2期10-12,共3页
主要对三种膨润土的性质进行了分析研究,为选用提供了实验依据。
关键词 膨润土 矿物属性 工艺性能 高压造型
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Leaching of nickel-molybdenum sulfide ore in membrane biological reactor 被引量:1
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作者 陈家武 高从堦 +2 位作者 张启修 肖连生 张贵清 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2011年第6期1395-1401,共7页
The bioleaching of molybdenum from its sulfide ore using a Mo-resistant thermophilic bacterium sulfolobus metallics combined with a membrane biological reactor(MBR) was studied.The experimental results showed that t... The bioleaching of molybdenum from its sulfide ore using a Mo-resistant thermophilic bacterium sulfolobus metallics combined with a membrane biological reactor(MBR) was studied.The experimental results showed that the concentration of Mo can be controlled by filter of the membrane in MBR and the toxicity of Mo to microorganism is decreased in the process of bioleaching.It was also evidenced that there were different leaching rates of Ni and Mo when the concentration of Mo was different.After leaching for 20 d in the MBR at Mo concentration of 395 mg/L,the leaching rates of Ni and Mo reached the maximum of 79.57% and 56.23% respectively under the conditions of 100 g/L of mineral density,65 ℃,pH=2 and 1.0 L/min of the aeration rate.While 75.59% Ni and 54.33% Mo were leached out in column without membrane under the same conditions. 展开更多
关键词 membrance biological reactor nickel-molybdenum sulfide ore sulfolobus metallics BIOLEACHING molybdenum toxicity
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和田玉:传承文化扬美德
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作者 李德华 程勇 《中国质量万里行》 2005年第9期74-75,共2页
早在夏商时代,和田玉便从100多种玉石中脱颖而出,成为“中华第一玉”历经数千年长盛不衰。儒家文化代表孔子说,君子要品质如玉、风度如玉、修养如玉、性格如玉。和田玉所具有的矿物属性、美学品性、玉德真性,三者合一构成了中华民族的... 早在夏商时代,和田玉便从100多种玉石中脱颖而出,成为“中华第一玉”历经数千年长盛不衰。儒家文化代表孔子说,君子要品质如玉、风度如玉、修养如玉、性格如玉。和田玉所具有的矿物属性、美学品性、玉德真性,三者合一构成了中华民族的玉文化。 展开更多
关键词 儒家文化 和田玉 美德 传承 中华民族 矿物属性 玉文化 玉石 玉德
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Heavy Metals in a Sulfldic Minespoil: Fractions and Column Leaching 被引量:16
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作者 C.LIN J.LIN 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第1期75-80,共6页
Fractions of various heavy metals in a sulfidic minespoil were investigated. Column leaching experimentwas also conducted to simulate 'acid mine drainage' (AMD) from the minespoil. The results show thatleachin... Fractions of various heavy metals in a sulfidic minespoil were investigated. Column leaching experimentwas also conducted to simulate 'acid mine drainage' (AMD) from the minespoil. The results show thatleaching of heavy metals from the minespoil was extremely significant during the initial water flushing.The amounts of heavy metals leached out dramatically reduced after leaching twice. It is worthwhile tonote that in this study, Zn, Mn, Fe, As and Ni in the first leachate exceeded the total amount of eachcorresponding water-extractable (1:5, soil:water) metal contained in the minespoil sample. This appears tosuggest that 1:5 water extraction did not allow accurate estimation of water-leachable concentrations of theabove heavy metals. This work has implications for the management of sulfidic minespoils. Acid drainageof great environmental concerns is likely to occur only during heavy rainfall events after substantial solubleand readily exchangeable acid and metals are accumulated in the minespoils. The slow-reacting fractionsother than water-soluble and readily exchangeable fractions may pose little environmental hazards. This isparticularly true for Pb, As and Ni. 展开更多
关键词 acid mine drainage heavy metal LEACHING metal sulfides minespoil
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Clay Minerals Properties as Downhole Formation Pressure Indicator
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作者 Dmitry Kozhevnikov Kazimir Kovalenko Andrey Gorodnov Ivan Deshenenkov 《Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering》 2011年第11期990-994,共5页
The successful estimation of formation pressures (or formation pore gradient) is fundamental and the basis for many engineering works including drilling and oilfield development planning. Common log data are used fo... The successful estimation of formation pressures (or formation pore gradient) is fundamental and the basis for many engineering works including drilling and oilfield development planning. Common log data are used for formation pressure calculation. Modern techniques for pressure prediction have several disadvantages, notably, incorrect account of the downhole nonsteady thermal field and clay mineral composition. We propose a way to overcome listed shortcomings: a technique for thermal field proper account while formation pressure estimation and a petrophysical model, which reflects relationships between clay minerals composition and rock properties, derived from log data. 展开更多
关键词 Formation pressure clay minerals OVERPRESSURE temperature effect UNDERCOMPACTION PETROPHYSICS log data.
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Mineralogical Features and Properties of Serpentine as Indicator of the Deep Earth Subduction Processes
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作者 Tatiana V. Posukhova Leily L Elene B. Cherepetskaya Ivan E. Sas 《Journal of Earth Science and Engineering》 2012年第12期729-743,共15页
The article presents the results of study of composition, structure and properties of three genetic types of serpentinite, developed by chromite-bearing ultrabasic rocks, by metamorphic zones of carbonate rocks and wi... The article presents the results of study of composition, structure and properties of three genetic types of serpentinite, developed by chromite-bearing ultrabasic rocks, by metamorphic zones of carbonate rocks and within the zone of weathering of ultrabasic rocks. The samples were selected from deposits, located along the Main Ural Fault-the Paleozoic subduction zone (named GUR). Peculiarities of microstructure, chemical composition and properties of serpentinites formed in different geological conditions were investigated and their comparative study was held. They were devided three groups of serpentinites with oriented and non-oriented structure which formed by different protholites: mantle, lithosphere and crust. 展开更多
关键词 Ural SERPENTINE subduction processes petrophysical properties velocity of elastic waves acoustic emission
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Diversity of microbial community at acid mine drainages from Dachang metals-rich mine, China 被引量:3
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作者 周智君 尹华群 +3 位作者 刘毅 谢明 邱冠周 刘学端 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2010年第6期1097-1103,共7页
Two acid mine drainage(AMD)samples TS and WK,which were from the Dachang metals-rich mine in Guangxi province,China,were studied using PCR-based cloning approach.A total of 44 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were obt... Two acid mine drainage(AMD)samples TS and WK,which were from the Dachang metals-rich mine in Guangxi province,China,were studied using PCR-based cloning approach.A total of 44 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were obtained from the two AMD samples.However,only three OTUs(GXDC-9,GXDC-19 and GXDC-50)detected in sample TS can also be observed in sample WK.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the bacteria in the two samples fell into four putative divisions,which were Nitrospira,Alphaproteobacteria,Gamaproteobacteria,and Acidobacteria.Organisms of genuses Acidithiobacillus and Leptospirillum,which were in gamaproteobacteria class and Nitrospira family,were dominant in two samples,respectively.In sample TS,which was characterized by low pH,high sulfate,high iron,and high arsenide,two species(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans)constituted 98.22% of the entire microbial community.Compared with sample TS,the microbial community in sample WK was more diversified according to the observation.Interestedly,the Legionella species,which was rarely observed in the low-pH environment,was detected in sample WK.This work helps us to further understand the diversity of microbial community living in extreme acid mine drainages with unique geochemistry and the tolerance capability of acidophiles to heavy metal. 展开更多
关键词 microbial community acid mine drainage(AMD) tolerance capability PCR-based cloning approach
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Carbon Mineralization and Microbial Attributes in Straw-Amended Soils as Affected by Moisture Levels 被引量:15
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作者 CHEN Lin ZHANG Jia-Bao +4 位作者 ZHAO Bing-Zi XIN Xiu-Li ZHOU Gui-Xiang TAN Jin-Fang ZHAO Jin-Hua 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第2期167-177,共11页
An 80-d incubation experiment was conducted to investigate straw decomposition, the priming effect and microbial characteristics in a non-fertilized soil (soil 1) and a long-term organic manure-fertilized soil (soi... An 80-d incubation experiment was conducted to investigate straw decomposition, the priming effect and microbial characteristics in a non-fertilized soil (soil 1) and a long-term organic manure-fertilized soil (soil 2) with and without 13C-labeled maize straw amendment under different moisture levels. The soil 2 showed a markedly higher priming effect, microbial biomass C (Cmic), and β-glucosidase activity, and more abundant populations of bacteria and fungi than the soil 1. Also, soil CO2 emission, Cmic, /3- glucosidase activity, and bacterial and fungal population sizes were substantially enhanced by straw amendment. In the presence of straw, the amount of straw mineralization and assimilation by microbes in the soil at 55% of water holding capacity (WHC) were significantly higher by 31% and 17%, respectively, compared to those at 25% of WHC. In contrast, β-glucosidase activity and fungal population size were both enhanced as the moisture content decreased. Cmic decreased as straw availability decreased, which was mainly attributed to the reduction of straw-derived Cmic. Amended soils, except the amended soil 2 at 25% of WHC, had a more abundant fungal population as straw availability decreased, indicating that fungal decomposability of added straw was independent of straw availability. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis based on fungal denatured gradient gel electrophoresis band patterns showed that shifts in the fungal community structure occurred as water and straw availability varied. The results indirectly suggest that soil fungi are able to adjust their degradation activity to water and straw availability by regulating their community structure. 展开更多
关键词 BACTERIA decomposition FUNGI maize straw organic manure
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