The fate of CR formulation of 14C--thiobencarb (thio.) was studied at the high rate of application in a model paddy field. Thio. could be released from the alginate formulation (TAL-17189) into water. The concentratio...The fate of CR formulation of 14C--thiobencarb (thio.) was studied at the high rate of application in a model paddy field. Thio. could be released from the alginate formulation (TAL-17189) into water. The concentration of thio. in water increased with time, then declined. Thio. in water could be converted to more than 12 14C--degradation products which changed with time. An unknown degradation product (Mo) was always prevailing after application. Thio. in water could be adsorbed by soil particles. Most of the adsorbed thio. retained in upper layer. Thio. in soil could be also degraded tO more than 6 products. Thio. and its degradation products could conjugate with the compositions of soil to bound residues (BR). Thio. was 45.6 % of the toeal 14C--extractable residues (ER) in upper layer soil at harvest. 14C--thio. in water and soil could be uptaken by rice plants. Thio. in plants existed in ER and BR.Most of 14C--residues in straw, roots, brown rice and husk were in bound form, more than 92 % of the toeal 14C in them at harvest respectively. Thio. in plantS could be metabolized to more than 9 metsbolites which changed with time. 14C--thio. in straw,brown rice and husk accounted for 55\88, 6.06 and 11.18 % of the total 14C-- ER of them at harvest respectively. An unknown 14C--metebolite in brown rice was prevailing,accounted for 63.03 % of the total 14C- ER.展开更多
This work presents a new approach for the fabrication of organic/inorganic nanohybrids as anticancer drugs by an intercalation method using S,S-bis（α,α′-dimethyl-α″-acetic acid） （trithiocarbonate） as a modifi...This work presents a new approach for the fabrication of organic/inorganic nanohybrids as anticancer drugs by an intercalation method using S,S-bis（α,α′-dimethyl-α″-acetic acid） （trithiocarbonate） as a modifier and two organoclays, such as reactive octadecylamine/MMT （montmorillonite） and non-reactive dimethyldidodecyl ammonium/MMT. The chemical and physical structures and the surface morphology of these covalently and non-covalently linked nanohybrids were investigated by FT-IR （Fourier translbrm infrared） spectroscopy, ^13C and ^29Si solid state NMR （nuclear magnetic resonance） spectroscopy, XRD （X-ray powder diffraction） and SEM （scanning electron microscopy） analyses, respectively. To evaluate the anticancer activities of the novel BATC/organoclay hybrids against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, a combination of different biochemical and biophysical testing techniques were used. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were detected in vitro using a real-time analysis. Cell death was confirmed by using apoptotic and necrotic analyses, the effects of which were detennined by the double staining and Annexin-V-FLUOS testing method. The results demonstrate that intercalated hybrid complexes containing a combination of various anticancer sites, such as free and complexed carboxyl, trithiocarbonate, amine and ammonium cations significantly induced cell death in breast cancer via their interactions with the DNA macromolecules of cancer cells by destroying the self-assemb｜ed structure of growing cells. Fabricated hybrid complexes may represent a new generation of effective and selective anticancer drug systems with a synthetic/natural origin for cancer chemotherapy.展开更多
文摘The fate of CR formulation of 14C--thiobencarb (thio.) was studied at the high rate of application in a model paddy field. Thio. could be released from the alginate formulation (TAL-17189) into water. The concentration of thio. in water increased with time, then declined. Thio. in water could be converted to more than 12 14C--degradation products which changed with time. An unknown degradation product (Mo) was always prevailing after application. Thio. in water could be adsorbed by soil particles. Most of the adsorbed thio. retained in upper layer. Thio. in soil could be also degraded tO more than 6 products. Thio. and its degradation products could conjugate with the compositions of soil to bound residues (BR). Thio. was 45.6 % of the toeal 14C--extractable residues (ER) in upper layer soil at harvest. 14C--thio. in water and soil could be uptaken by rice plants. Thio. in plants existed in ER and BR.Most of 14C--residues in straw, roots, brown rice and husk were in bound form, more than 92 % of the toeal 14C in them at harvest respectively. Thio. in plantS could be metabolized to more than 9 metsbolites which changed with time. 14C--thio. in straw,brown rice and husk accounted for 55\88, 6.06 and 11.18 % of the total 14C-- ER of them at harvest respectively. An unknown 14C--metebolite in brown rice was prevailing,accounted for 63.03 % of the total 14C- ER.
文摘This work presents a new approach for the fabrication of organic/inorganic nanohybrids as anticancer drugs by an intercalation method using S,S-bis（α,α′-dimethyl-α″-acetic acid） （trithiocarbonate） as a modifier and two organoclays, such as reactive octadecylamine/MMT （montmorillonite） and non-reactive dimethyldidodecyl ammonium/MMT. The chemical and physical structures and the surface morphology of these covalently and non-covalently linked nanohybrids were investigated by FT-IR （Fourier translbrm infrared） spectroscopy, ^13C and ^29Si solid state NMR （nuclear magnetic resonance） spectroscopy, XRD （X-ray powder diffraction） and SEM （scanning electron microscopy） analyses, respectively. To evaluate the anticancer activities of the novel BATC/organoclay hybrids against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, a combination of different biochemical and biophysical testing techniques were used. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were detected in vitro using a real-time analysis. Cell death was confirmed by using apoptotic and necrotic analyses, the effects of which were detennined by the double staining and Annexin-V-FLUOS testing method. The results demonstrate that intercalated hybrid complexes containing a combination of various anticancer sites, such as free and complexed carboxyl, trithiocarbonate, amine and ammonium cations significantly induced cell death in breast cancer via their interactions with the DNA macromolecules of cancer cells by destroying the self-assemb｜ed structure of growing cells. Fabricated hybrid complexes may represent a new generation of effective and selective anticancer drug systems with a synthetic/natural origin for cancer chemotherapy.
