基于铁碳内电解的物化—生物耦合深度脱氮

以自制复合铁碳填料为载体,建立物化-生物耦合脱氮体系,考察了HRT、DO含量、进水pH对低C/N(COD/ρ(TN)=1.5:1)污水脱氮的影响,并通定量了物化作用对脱氮的贡献率。结果表明,在耦合体系中,NH_4^+-N通过氨氧化菌和硝化菌的作用生成NO_3^--N和NO_2^--N,NO_3^--N和NO_2^--N进入生物膜内部,自养反硝化菌以载体原电池反应所产生的[Fe^(2+)]、[H]为电子供体实现反硝化脱氮,其适宜运行条件为:HRT为4.0 h,DO的质量浓度(2.0±0.1)mg/L,进水pH为7.0±0.1,此时污水COD、NH_4^+-N、NO_3^--N、TN去除率分别可达94.6%~97.3%、82.1%~83.6%、92.1%~94.7%、89.3%~92.5%。适宜的HRT低于其它同步硝化反硝化脱氮过程。反应器内反硝化所需电子37.9%由载体物化反应供给,消除了传统生物脱氮过程对有机碳源的依赖,源缩短了脱氮所需停留时间。故该耦合体系可实现低C/N污水的高效深度脱氮。

Effect of Different Fertilization Patterns on Carbon and Nitrogen Components of Tobacco Topsoil

In order to explore the fertilizing ways and dynamic changes of soil carbon and nitrogen in the main producing areas of tobacco in Guizhou,research was conducted to study the variations of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen,total organic carbon and nitrogen and their ratio of tobacco-topsoil in organic fertilization pattern and conventional cultivation pattern （No fertilizer as control） by pot experiment.The results were as follows：（1） The effects of different fertilization patterns on soil dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen and total organic carbon and nitrogen were significantly different.The content of DOC,DON,TOC and TON in tobaccotopsoil was decreased with the advancing of growth period in conventional fertilization pattern.In the conventional fertilization pattern,the accumulation of DOC and TOC was increased first and then decreased,and the accumulation of DON and TON was decreased first and then increased.（2） The TOC content at the different growing stage and DOC content at the middle and later stage of tobacco were significantly improved in organic fertilization patterns.The accumulation of DON and TON in the conventional fertilization pattern was significantly higher than those in the organic fertilizer pattern and control at the rosette stage and vigorous stage.In the harvest period,the content of DOC,DON,TOC and TON of tobacco-topsoil in the conventional fertilization and organic fertilization pattern was significantly higher than those in the control.（3）The DOC/DON ratio and the TOC/TiON ratio was increased gradually with the advancing of growth period in conventional fertilization pattern,but they were increased first and then decreased in the organic fertilization pattern and CK.The DOC/DON and TOC/TON ratio of tobacco-topsoil in different fertilization patterns was showed as Y J＞ CK＞ CG at the different growing stage.The experiment results revealed that：The organic fertilization pattern may improve significantly the accumulation of DOC,DON,TOC and TON of tobacco-topsoil at the middle and later stage and the DOC/DON and TOC/TON ratio at the different growth stage.It contributed to the continuous and balanced supply of nutrients at the middle and later stage of tobacco and the soil fertility.

不同有机碳与无机氨氮比(C／N)下自养硝化生物膜上微生物菌群的变化

通过变性梯度凝胶电泳技术(DGGE)研究随有机碳与无机氨氮比(C/N)升高,自养硝化膜上微生物菌群结构的变化.实验结果表明随C/N升高,微生物菌群从以硝化细菌为主导到以反硝化细菌为主导,硝化过程也由仅硝化到同时硝化反硝化.主要的硝化菌是Nitro-somonas europaea和Nitrobactersp.,主要的反硝化菌是Pseudomonassp.,Acidovoraxsp.和Comamonassp..在高C/N时,尽管反硝化菌占多数,但硝化菌并没有消失,而是与反硝化菌同存.