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β-Amyloid对PC12细胞毒性损害的机制研究 被引量:2
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作者 王桂松 王勇 +1 位作者 周国庆 罗其中 《上海交通大学学报(医学版)》 CAS CSCD 2000年第S1期50-52,共3页
目的利用体外PC1 2细胞培养来研究Aβ对神经元细胞毒性作用 ,以探索早老性痴呆 (AD)的发生机制。 方法通过DNA末端标记及电子显微镜超微结构观察研究了Aβ诱导培养的PC1 2细胞的形态学和分子生化改变。 结果Aβ可诱导PC1 2细胞核DNA... 目的利用体外PC1 2细胞培养来研究Aβ对神经元细胞毒性作用 ,以探索早老性痴呆 (AD)的发生机制。 方法通过DNA末端标记及电子显微镜超微结构观察研究了Aβ诱导培养的PC1 2细胞的形态学和分子生化改变。 结果Aβ可诱导PC1 2细胞核DNA发生降解 ,出现染色质浓缩成块状 ,胞浆浓缩 ,胞膜内陷 ,凋亡小体形成等。 结论Aβ在AD发生中可能是通过诱导神经元凋亡而引起神经元丢失的。 展开更多
关键词 Β-AMYLOID 早老性痴呆 细胞凋亡 神经细胞退行性疾病
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Impact of miRNAs on cardiovascular aging 被引量:6
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作者 Seahyoung Lee Eunhyun Choi +3 位作者 Min-Ji Cha Ae-Jun Park Cheesoon Yoon Ki-Chul Hwang 《Journal of Geriatric Cardiology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第5期569-574,共6页
Aging is a multidimensional process that leads to an increased risk of developing severe diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and immunological diseases. Recently, small non-coding RNAs know... Aging is a multidimensional process that leads to an increased risk of developing severe diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and immunological diseases. Recently, small non-coding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to regulate gene expression, which contributes to many physiological and pathophysiological processes in humans. Increasing evidence suggests that changes in miRNA expression profiles contribute to cellular senescence, aging and aging-related diseases. However, only a few miRNAs whose functions have been elucidated have been associated with aging and/or aging-related diseases. This article reviews the currently available findings regarding the roles of aging-related miRNAs, with a focus on cardiac and cardiovascular aging. 展开更多
关键词 Aging heart Cardiovascular aging miRNA SENESCENCE Vascular aging
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Polyglutamine toxicity in non-neuronal cells 被引量:1
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作者 Jennifer W Bradford Shihua Li Xiao-Jiang Li 《Cell Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第4期400-407,共8页
The neurodegenerative polyglutamine diseases are caused various disease proteins. Although these mutant proteins are by an expansion of unstable polyglutamine repeats in expressed ubiquitously in neuronal and non-neur... The neurodegenerative polyglutamine diseases are caused various disease proteins. Although these mutant proteins are by an expansion of unstable polyglutamine repeats in expressed ubiquitously in neuronal and non-neuronal cells, they cause selective degeneration of specific neuronal populations. Recently, increasing evidence shows that polyglutamine disease proteins also affect non-neuronal cells. However, it remains unclear how the expression of polyglutamine proteins in non-neuronal cells contributes to the course of the polyglutamine diseases. Here, we discuss recent findings about the expression of mutant polyglutamine proteins in non-neuronal cells and their influence on neurological symptoms. Understanding the contribution of non-neuronal polyglutamine proteins to disease progres- sion will help elucidate disease mechanisms and also help in the development of new treatment options. 展开更多
关键词 POLYGLUTAMINE Huntington's disease NEURODEGENERATION GLIA MISFOLDING AGGREGATION
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P2Y6 receptor and immunoinflammation
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作者 刘桂冬 丁健青 +1 位作者 肖勤 陈生弟 《Neuroscience Bulletin》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第3期161-164,共4页
The immunocytes microglia in the central nervous system (CNS) were reported to play a crucial role in neurodegeneration. As a member of P2 receptors family, purinoceptor P2Y6 has attracted much attention recently. P... The immunocytes microglia in the central nervous system (CNS) were reported to play a crucial role in neurodegeneration. As a member of P2 receptors family, purinoceptor P2Y6 has attracted much attention recently. Previous studies showed that purinoceptor P2Y6 mainly contributed to microglia activation and their later phagocytosis in CNS, while in immune system, it participated in the secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 from monocytes and macrocytes. So there raises a question: whether purinoceptor P2Y6 also takes part in neuroinflammation? Thus, this review mainly concerns about the properties and roles of purinoceptor P2Y6, including (1) structure of purinoceptor P2Y6; (2) distribution and properties of purinoceptor P2Y6; (3) relationships between purinoceptor P2Y6 and microglia; (4) relationships between purinoceptor P2Y6 and immunoinflammation. It's proposed that purinoceptor P2Y6 may play a role in neuroinflammation in CNS, although further research is still required. 展开更多
关键词 purinoceptor P2Y6 MICROGLIA INFLAMMATION IMMUNOLOGY NEURODEGENERATION
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Protective effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone on H_2 O_2-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells
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作者 司霞 马卓 +2 位作者 陈月 黄琳 冯婉玉 《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》 CAS CSCD 2014年第1期33-38,共6页
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects and mechanisms of 20-hydroxyecdysone, an insect steroid hormone, on HEO2-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SYSY cells. Pretreatment... The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects and mechanisms of 20-hydroxyecdysone, an insect steroid hormone, on HEO2-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SYSY cells. Pretreatment with 20-hydroxyecdysone significantly elevated the cell viability and decreased LDH leakage in H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells. 20-Hydroxyecdysone also dramatically reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities under oxidative stress conditions. Furthermore, 20-hydroxyecdysone pretreatment inhibited apoptosis by decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and attenuating the activation of caspase-3. These results suggest that 20-hydroxyecdysone can protect SH-SYSY cells against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and might potentially be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases induced by oxidative stress and anontosis. 展开更多
关键词 20-HYDROXYECDYSONE H2O2 SH-SY5Y cells Oxidative stress APOPTOSIS Neurodegenerative disease
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MicroRNAs in neural cell development and brain diseases 被引量:20
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作者 FENG Wei FENG Yue 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS 2011年第12期1103-1112,共10页
MicroRNAs play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by inhibiting protein translation and/or promoting mRNA degradation.Importantly,biogenesis of microRNAs displays specific temporal a... MicroRNAs play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by inhibiting protein translation and/or promoting mRNA degradation.Importantly,biogenesis of microRNAs displays specific temporal and spatial profiles in distinct cell and tissue types and hence affects a broad spectrum of biological functions in normal cell growth and tumor development.Recent discoveries have revealed sophisticated mechanisms that control microRNA production and homeostasis in response to developmental and extracellular signals.Moreover,a link between dysregulation of microRNAs and human brain disorders has become increasingly evident.In this review,we focus on recent advances in understanding the regulation of microRNA biogenesis and function in neuronal and glial development in the mammalian brain,and dysregulation of the microRNA pathway in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. 展开更多
关键词 MICRORNAS neuronal development synaptic plasticity oligodendroglial differentiation brain tumor neurodegenera-tive disorders
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Treatment of multiple sclerosis by transplantation of neural stem cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells 被引量:9
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作者 Chao Zhang Jiani Cao +9 位作者 Xiaoyan Li Haoyu Xu Weixu Wang Libin Wang Xiaoyang Zhao Wei Li Jianwei Jiao Baoyang Hu Qi Zhou Tongbiao Zhao 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第9期950-957,共8页
Multiple sclerosis(MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system(CNS), with focal T lymphocytic infiltration and damage of myelin and axons. The underlying mechanism of pathogenesis remains unclear and th... Multiple sclerosis(MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system(CNS), with focal T lymphocytic infiltration and damage of myelin and axons. The underlying mechanism of pathogenesis remains unclear and there are currently no effective treatments. The development of neural stem cell(NSC) transplantation provides a promising strategy to treat neurodegenerative disease. However, the limited availability of NSCs prevents their application in neural disease therapy. In this study, we generated NSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) and transplanted these cells into mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE), a model of MS. The results showed that transplantation of iPSC-derived NSCs dramatically reduced T cell infiltration and ameliorated white matter damage in the treated EAE mice. Correspondingly, the disease symptom score was greatly decreased, and motor ability was dramatically rescued in the iPSC-NSC-treated EAE mice, indicating the effectiveness of using iPSC-NSCs to treat MS. Our study provides pre-clinical evidence to support the feasibility of treating MS by transplantation of iPSC-derived NSCs. 展开更多
关键词 induced pluripotent stem cell multiple sclerosis neural stem cell regenerative medicine TRANSPLANTATION
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The role of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in the proliferation of adult hippocampal neural stem and precursor cells 被引量:6
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作者 TAYLOR Chanel J HE RongQiao BARTLETT Perry F 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS 2014年第4期403-411,共9页
New neurons are continuously generated from resident pools of neural stem and precursor cells(NSPCs)in the adult brain.There are multiple pathways through which adult neurogenesis is regulated,and here we review the r... New neurons are continuously generated from resident pools of neural stem and precursor cells(NSPCs)in the adult brain.There are multiple pathways through which adult neurogenesis is regulated,and here we review the role of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)in regulating the proliferation of NSPCs in the adult hippocampus.Hippocampal-dependent learning tasks,enriched environments,running,and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity,all potently up-regulate hippocampal NSPC proliferation.We first consider the requirement of the NMDAR in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity,and the role the induction of synaptic plasticity has in regulating NSPCs and newborn neurons.We address how specific NMDAR agonists and antagonists modulate proliferation,both in vivo and in vitro,and then review the evidence supporting the hypothesis that NMDARs are present on NSPCs.We believe it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying the activation of adult neurogenesis,given the potential that endogenous stem cell populations have for repopulating the hippocampus with functional new neurons.In conditions such as age-related memory decline,neurodegeneration and psychiatric disease,mature neurons are lost or become defective;as such,stimulating adult neurogenesis may provide a therapeutic strategy to overcome these conditions. 展开更多
关键词 adult neurogenesis stem cell precursor cell NMDA receptor HIPPOCAMPUS synaptic plasticity long-term potentiation(LTP)
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