Chondrocytes are initially used as the preferred cell type but are shown to have some disadvantages. Mesenchymal stem cells can be effectively used to overcome the limitation experienced with the use of differentiated...Chondrocytes are initially used as the preferred cell type but are shown to have some disadvantages. Mesenchymal stem cells can be effectively used to overcome the limitation experienced with the use of differentiated chondrocytes. With either type of cell, cartilages are formed by high density cell cultures without scaffolds. A three dimensional scaffold or matrix is required for formation of large amounts of tissue engineered cartilage, and bioreactors present numerous advantages for growing tissue engineered cartilage in vitro . Various scaffold materials have been tested including both naturally derived and synthetic polymers. Cell density and cultivation time which play crucial roles in the chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo , are therefore important parameters for cartilage tissue engineering. Although tissue engineered cartilage is good for regeneration of articular cartilage in current experiment, none of studies reviewed here have created a tissue that fully regenerates the integration of any newly formed tissue with the existing cartilage, even after one year in展开更多
文摘Chondrocytes are initially used as the preferred cell type but are shown to have some disadvantages. Mesenchymal stem cells can be effectively used to overcome the limitation experienced with the use of differentiated chondrocytes. With either type of cell, cartilages are formed by high density cell cultures without scaffolds. A three dimensional scaffold or matrix is required for formation of large amounts of tissue engineered cartilage, and bioreactors present numerous advantages for growing tissue engineered cartilage in vitro . Various scaffold materials have been tested including both naturally derived and synthetic polymers. Cell density and cultivation time which play crucial roles in the chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo , are therefore important parameters for cartilage tissue engineering. Although tissue engineered cartilage is good for regeneration of articular cartilage in current experiment, none of studies reviewed here have created a tissue that fully regenerates the integration of any newly formed tissue with the existing cartilage, even after one year in
