新生儿细球菌败血症9例分析

新生儿败血症对新生儿威胁很大,且疗效与诊断迟早,抗生素的选择及致病菌种密切相关。现将我院1988年1月～10月收治的细球菌败血症9例,报告如下。临床资料一、一般情况:本组男5例,女4例;足月儿8例,过期产儿1例;发病日龄为出3天2例,4洲7天2例,】7天5例。二、症状:发热4例,拒食l例,反应差6例,黄疽8例,腹泻l例。

姜黄香精油抗纯白假丝酵母和隐球菌属新型细球菌的活性的体外评价

在现代药物治疗领域草本植物药用体系已引起专家和研制新药的研究者的注意。由于草本植物具有延效性,这就促进了防治病原体的抗微生物药物的研制。在本地的药物体系中,姜黄作为一种防治许多疾病的药物具有良好的疗效。姜黄蔓和叶各含有4.8％和1.5％～2％的香精油。姜黄茎糊剂和姜黄油均有杀细菌。

14例新生儿微球菌败血症临床分析

作者对１４例新生儿微球菌败血症进行了分析，指出新生儿免疫功能低下，机会菌感染率高。新生儿微球菌败血症表现无特异性，对疑败血症儿应尽早做血培养。抗菌素治疗效果好，原发病重及并发症多的患儿预后差，应予以重视。

干腌火腿微生物群的研究

对慢速(S.P.)和快速(F.P.)两种方法加工的火腿微生物群生长的研究;火腿表面菌群调研是针对两种加工方法中的预盐腌和最后冲洗阶段的火腿;火腿内部菌群的调研是对火腿加工后期盐腌和干腌阶段进行的.表面的微生物群的研究对象为:耐盐性细菌、细球菌、乳酸菌和酵母.对表面肠杆菌、亚硫酸盐—还原梭状芽胞杆菌和凝固酶——阳性的葡萄球菌也进行研究.这些被作为衡量火腿的卫生水平.研究结果表明,在火腿表面的肠杆菌、亚硫酸盐——还原的梭状芽胞杆菌、凝固酶——阳性的葡萄球菌不超过10~2cfu/g,这说明火腿卫生条件达到可接受水平.在腌制加工中,细球菌在火腿的内部和表面的各种菌群中处于优势状态,F.P.获得比S.P.(10～10~4cfu/g)要高的值(10~2～10~6cfu/g),而酵母和乳酸菌水平较低.

外科手术后严重医院感染一例报告

外科手术后严重医院感染一例报告北京儿童医院郭维芬，姚林燕，董秀荣（北京１０００４５）１病例秦×，男孩６个月，病例号：２１４４８１。因反复上呼吸道感染及肺炎，于１９９３年３月９日第一次入院诊断为先天性心脏病合并肺炎。于１９９３年４月８日，第二次入院，在...

不同材料制备的各种脱氧核糖核酸

脱氧核糖核酸这类核酸,是由脱氧核糖核苷酸构成的生物高分子聚合物;分子极为庞大,分子量一般至少在百万以上。脱氧核糖核酸是生命的最基本物质之一,在染色体中与蛋白质相结合,是储藏、复制和传递遗传信息的主要物质基础。

系统疾病的皮肤表现

952289 糖尿病病人皮肤细菌培养结果与分析/庞玉兰…//河北医学院学报。-1995,16(3).-167 30例糖尿病患者中6例存在不同程度的感染。另设30例非糖尿病患者为对照组。两者性别、年龄、职业等方面无差异(P】0.05)。全部病例均培养1次,皮肤感染者取其分泌物,余取其腋下正常皮肤处。结果:糖尿病组26例培养出金黄色葡萄球菌,4例培养出细球菌;对照组8例培养出金黄色葡萄球菌,22例培养出细球菌。两组有显著性差异(P【0.001)。

Effects of Combinations of Two of Three Different Probiotics on Pond Water Quality

In order to provide reference for probiotics application in aquaculture, Bacillus subtilis （A）, Streptococcus faecalis （B） and photosynthetic bacteria （C） were prepared according to the ratios of 9：1, 4：1, 1：1, 1：4 and 1：9 with 10^5 cfu/ml as the unit of concentration into 15 mixed microecological preparations, and their effects on COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and sulfide in pond water were investigated. The results showed that the mixed preparation of B. subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria at a ratio of 1：4 had the best effect in treating COD （P〈0.05）, the mixed preparation of B. subtilis and S. faecalis at a ratio of 4：1 showed the best effect in treating ammonia nitrogen （P〈0.05）, the mixed preparation of S. faecalis and photosynthetic bacteria at a ratio of 4：1 showed the best effect in treating nitrite nitrogen （P〈0.05）, and the mixed preparation of Streptococcus faecalis and photosynthetic bacteria at a ratio of 9：1 had the best effect of reducing sulfide （P〈0.05）.

Construction of an oral recombinant DNA vaccine from H pylori neutrophil activating protein and its immunogenicity

AIM： To construct a live attenuated Salmonella typhimurium （S. typhimurium） strain harboring the H pylori neutrophil activating protein （HP-NAP） gene as an oral recombinant DNA vaccine, and to evaluate its immunogenicity. METHODS： By genetic engineering methods, the genomic DNA of Hpylori was extracted as a template. The total length of the HP-NAP gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and cloned into pBT vector for sequencing and BLAST analysis, then subcloned into a eukaryotic expression vector pIRES followed by PCR identification and restriction enzyme digestion. The identified recombinant plasmid pIRES-NAP was transfected into COS-7 cells for target fusion protein expression, and its antigenicity was detected by Western blotting. Then the recombinant plasmid was transformed into a live attenuated S. typhimurium strain SL7207 as an oral vaccine strain, and its immunogenicity was evaluated with animal experiments. RESULTS： A 435 bp product was cloned using high homology with HP-NAP gene in GenBank （more than 98%）. With identification by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion, a recomoinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pIRES-NAP containing the HP-NAP gene of H pylori was successfully constructed. The expressed target protein had a specific reaction with Hpyloril whole cell antibody and showed a single strip result detected by Western blotting. Oral immunization of mice with recombinant DNA vaccine strain SL7207 （pIRES-NAP） also induced a specific immune response. CONCLUSION： The successful construction of HP-NAP oral DNA vaccine with good immunogenicity may help to further investigate its immunoprotection effects and develop vaccine against Hpylori infection.

Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt and Nuclear Factor-κB Are Involved in Staphylococcus Aureus-induced Apoptosis in U937 Cells

Objective To explore the mechanisms involved in Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） invading human monocytic U937 cells. Methods S. aureus were added to U937 cells at multiplicity of infections （MOI） of 20：1 for 0, 15, 30, 60, and 90 minutes, respectively. Cell apoptosis was analyzed with Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate （FITC）/propidium iodide （PI） flow cytometry analysis. Akt and nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） activities were detected by Western blotting. Results Infection of U937 cells with S. aureus induced rapid cell death in a time-dependent manner, and the cells displayed characteristic features of apoptosis. S. aureus-induced apoptosis was associated with a prominent downregulation of activated （phosphorylated） Akt and NF-κB. The inhibition of phosphorylated Akt by LY294002 led to the inhibition of NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of Akt with LY294002 caused further increase in apoptosis of U937 cells. Conclusions S. aureus can stimulate the apoptosis of U937 ceils. S. aureus induces apoptosis of U937 cells by inhibiting Akt-regulated NF-κB.

Probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris and Streptococcus thermophilus induce IL-12 and IFN-γ production

AIM： To investigate the capacity of potentially probiotic strains from six bacterial genera to induce cytokine production alone or in combinations in order to identify potential enhancing or synergistic effects in order to select probiotic bacteria for in vivo purposes.METHODS： Cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） in response to stimulation with eleven different potentially probiotic bacterial strains from Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, L euconostoc a n d Propionibacterium genera was analysed. Production and mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-12, IFN-y and IL-10 were determined by ELISA and Northern blotting, respectively.RESULTS： All tested bacteria induced TNF-α production. The best inducers of Thl type cytokines IL-12 and IFN-y were Streptococcus and Leuconostoc strains. All BiHdobacterium and Propionibacterium strains induced higher IL-IO production than other studied bacteria. Stimulation of PBMC with any bacterial combinations did not result in enhanced cytokine production suggesting that different bacteria whether gram-positive or gram- negative compete with each other during host cell interactions.CONCLUSION： The probiotic S. thermophilus and Leuconostoc strains are more potent inducers of Thl type cytokines IL-12 and IFN-γ than the probiotic Lactobacillus strains. Bacterial combinations did not result in enhanced cytokine production.

C-jun N-terminal Kinase-mediated Signaling Is Essential for Staphylococcus Aureus-induced U937 Apoptosis

Objective To investigate the effect of SP600125, a specific c-jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) inhibitor, on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-induced U937 cell death and the underlying mechanism. Methods The human monocytic U937 cells were treated with S. aureus at different time with or without SP600125. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. JNK, Bax, and caspase-3 activities were detected by Western blotting. Results S. aureus induced apoptosis in cultured U937 cells in a time-dependent manner. Expression of Bax and phospho-JNK significantly increased in S. aureus-treated U937 cells, and the level of activated caspase-3 also increased in a time-dependent manner. Inhibition of JNK with SP600125 significantly inhibited S. aureus-induced apoptosis in U937 cells. Conclusions S. aureus can induce apoptosis in U937 cells by phosphorylation of JNK and activation of Bax and caspase-3. SP600125 protects U937 cells from apoptosis induced by S. aureus via inhibiting the activity of JNK.

Characterization of Mediterranean Magnetotactic Bacteria

Magnetotactic bacteria are a diverse group of motile prokaryotes that are ubiquitous in aquatic habitats and cosmopolitan in distribution. In this study, we collected magnetotactic bacteria from the Mediterranean Sea. A remarkable diversity of morphotypes was observed, including multicellular types that seemed to differ from those previously found in North and South America. Another interesting organism was one with magnetosomes arranged in a six-stranded bundle which occupied one third of the cell width. The magnetosome bundle was evident even under optic microscopy. These cells were connected together and swam as a linear entire unit. Magnetosomes did not always align up to form a straight linear chain. A chain composed of rectangle magnetosomes bent at a posi- tion with an oval crystal. High resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis of the crystal at the pivotal position suggested uncompleted formation of the crystal. This is the first report of Mediterranean magnetotactic bacteria, which should be useful for studies of biogeochemical cycling and geohistory of the Mediterranean Sea.

Spatiotemporal pattern of bacterioplankton in Donghu Lake

Bacterioplankton play key roles in the biogeochemical cycle and in organic contaminant degradation. The species richness and abundance of bacterial subgroups are generally distinct from each other, and this is attributed to their different functions in aquatic ecosystems. The spatiotemporal variations of eight phylogenetic subgroups （Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-Proteobacteria） derived from Donghu Lake were investigated using PCR-DGGE fingerprinting, to explore their responses to environmental factors. Results indicate that Actinobacteria and beta-Proteobacteria were the two largest bacterial subgroups detected. These two groups and Bacteroidetes showed clear seasonal patterns in composition of the operational taxonomic unit. Results also suggest that the bacterioplankton subgroups in Donghu Lake were significantly correlated with different environmental factors. In brief, the total nitrogen was one of the major factors regulating all the bacterioplankton except for Actinobacteria. However, total phosphorus, another important eutrophication factor, contributed to the two largest bacterial groups （Actinobacteria and beta-Proteobacteria）, as well as to the Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes. Therefore, the responses of bacterioplankton subgroups to environmental factors were different, and this should be attributed to the differences in the fimctions of different groups.

仔猪渗出性表皮炎

仔猪渗出性表皮炎又名油猪病、砂锅病、油腻猪病,是由猪葡萄球菌入侵仔猪体表皮层后引起的以糠麸样表皮损伤、油脂性炎性渗出为特征的传染病。该病死亡率不高,但因影响仔猪正常发育,稍一忽视便会造成大的经济损失。1 病原学猪葡萄球菌隶属细球菌科葡萄球菌属。

Chemical profile of the secondary metabolites produced by a deep-sea sediment-derived fungus Penicillium commune SD-118

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract from Penicillium commune SD-118, a fungus obtained from a deep-sea sediment sample, resulted in the isolation of a known antibacterial compound, xanthocillin X (1), and 14 other known compounds comprising three steroids (2-4), two ceramides (5 and 6), six aromatic compounds (7-12), and three alkaloids (13-15). Xanthocillin X (1) was isolated for the first time from a marine fungus. In the bioassay, xanthocillin X (1) displayed remarkable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7, HepG2, H460, Hela, Du145, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Meleagrin (15) exhibited cytotoxicity against HepG2, Hela, Du145, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. This is the first report of the cytotoxicity of xanthocillin X (1).

Will harmful dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi grow phagotrophically?

We studied the phagotrophic ability of dinoflagellate strain Karenia mikimotoi KM-Lu （isolated from the South China Sea）, using fluorescent microspheres, bacteria isolated from the culture of K. mikimotoi and a marine microalgae lsochrysis galbana. We found that K. mikimotoi cultured under conditions of high light intensity could ingest fluorescent microspheres （diameters 0.5 and 2.0 lain） and fluorescence-labeled bacteria and microalgae. Under a low light intensity, however, only fluorescent microspheres （diameter 0.5 μm） and fluorescence-labeled microalgae were ingested. K. mikimotoi showed better growth by ingesting living marine bacteria or microalgae I. galbana than the controls, either in nutrient-depleted or nutrient-replete conditions. In nutrient-depleted conditions, the growth ofK. mikirnotoi was more significant with L galbana as the prey item. In conclusion, the harmful dinoflagellate K. mikimotoi from the South China Sea has apparent phagotrophic ability, and some marine bacteria and microalgae may promote the growth of K. mikimotoi.

STUDY OF UREASE NEGATIVE CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS ISOLATED FROM NON-AIDS PATIENT IN CHINA

Identification of Cryptococcus neoformans(C neoformans) has been considered depends on the phenotype and biochemical characteristics, especially on its urease positive characteristics During the last ten years, there are 4 strains of urease negative C neoformans strains have been discovered, of which 2 were isolated from AIDS patients, 1 from pigeon dropping and another 1 from preserved cultures of 286 strains of C neoformans So far, from medlines, there was none of urease negative strain isolated clinically from non AIDS patient was report Recently, we isolated a strain of urease negative strain of C neoformans from neither AIDS nor immunocompromised patients for the first time

Genetic transformation of marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp.CC9311(Cyanophyceae) by electroporation

Synechococcus sp.CC9311 is a marine cyanobacterium characterized by type IV chromatic acclimation(CA).A genetic transformation system was developed as a first step to elucidate the molecular mechanism of CA.The results show that Synechococcus sp.CC9311 cells were sensitive to four commonly used antibiotics:ampicillin,kanamycin,spectinomycin,and chloramphenicol.An integrative plasmid to disrupt the putative phycoerythrin lyase gene mpeV,using a kanamycin resistance gene as selectable marker,was constructed by recombinant polymerase chain reaction.The plasmid was then transformed into Synechococcus sp.CC9311 via electroporation.High transformation efficiency was achieved at a field strength of 2 kV/cm.DNA analysis showed that mpeV was fully disrupted following challenge of the transformants with a high concentration of kanamycin.In addition,the transformants that displayed poor growth on agar SN medium could be successfully plated on agarose SN medium.