随着时代的发展,钢由于其比较低廉的价格和可靠的性能成为了世界上被使用最多的材料之一。由于海洋环境中的含盐量、温度、微生物等一些因素,钢材被腐蚀的情况也越来越多,因此,耐海水腐蚀钢逐渐出现。本文综述了近年来降低钢材在海水中...随着时代的发展,钢由于其比较低廉的价格和可靠的性能成为了世界上被使用最多的材料之一。由于海洋环境中的含盐量、温度、微生物等一些因素,钢材被腐蚀的情况也越来越多,因此,耐海水腐蚀钢逐渐出现。本文综述了近年来降低钢材在海水中的腐蚀速率的方法,包括改变钢材元素含量、柠檬酸钝化、牺牲阳极或外加电流的阴极保护法、物理气相沉积法、化学气相沉积法、热喷涂法、电沉积法等来对钢材进行成分或者表面改性,进而达到增加钢材的耐腐蚀性的目的。最后对钢材耐腐蚀性的提高进行了总结及展望。With the development of the times, steel has become one of the most used materials in the world due to its relatively low price and reliable performance. Due to some factors such as salt content, temperature, and microorganisms in the marine environment, steel is increasingly corroded, so seawater corrosion-resistant steel is gradually emerging. In this paper, the methods to reduce the corrosion rate of steel in seawater in recent years are reviewed, including changing the element content of steel, citric acid passivation, cathodic protection method of sacrificial anode or impressed current, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, thermal spraying, electrodeposition, etc., to modify the composition or surface of steel, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the corrosion resistance of steel. Finally, the improvement of steel corrosion resistance is summarized and prospected.展开更多
针对某台超超临界1000MW机组燃用准东煤锅炉水冷壁出现的沾污结渣、高温腐蚀问题,基于锅炉的燃烧煤种特性、结焦状况以及腐蚀类型,开展了纳米高熵陶瓷涂层在锅炉后墙水冷壁燃尽风区域的工程验证试验。采用宏观检查、扫描电子显微镜(scan...针对某台超超临界1000MW机组燃用准东煤锅炉水冷壁出现的沾污结渣、高温腐蚀问题,基于锅炉的燃烧煤种特性、结焦状况以及腐蚀类型,开展了纳米高熵陶瓷涂层在锅炉后墙水冷壁燃尽风区域的工程验证试验。采用宏观检查、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、拉曼光谱、摩擦系数及表面能测试等方法,分析了纳米高熵陶瓷涂层的使用效果,揭示了纳米高熵陶瓷涂层的防沾污结渣、耐腐蚀机制。试验结果表明,涂层在锅炉运行11个月后完好,表面无明显结焦物、无明显腐蚀凹坑,管壁未发生明显减薄。纳米高熵陶瓷涂层能够较好地解决锅炉水冷壁沾污结渣以及高温腐蚀的问题,为燃用准东煤锅炉的安全运行提供保障。展开更多
文摘随着时代的发展,钢由于其比较低廉的价格和可靠的性能成为了世界上被使用最多的材料之一。由于海洋环境中的含盐量、温度、微生物等一些因素,钢材被腐蚀的情况也越来越多,因此,耐海水腐蚀钢逐渐出现。本文综述了近年来降低钢材在海水中的腐蚀速率的方法,包括改变钢材元素含量、柠檬酸钝化、牺牲阳极或外加电流的阴极保护法、物理气相沉积法、化学气相沉积法、热喷涂法、电沉积法等来对钢材进行成分或者表面改性,进而达到增加钢材的耐腐蚀性的目的。最后对钢材耐腐蚀性的提高进行了总结及展望。With the development of the times, steel has become one of the most used materials in the world due to its relatively low price and reliable performance. Due to some factors such as salt content, temperature, and microorganisms in the marine environment, steel is increasingly corroded, so seawater corrosion-resistant steel is gradually emerging. In this paper, the methods to reduce the corrosion rate of steel in seawater in recent years are reviewed, including changing the element content of steel, citric acid passivation, cathodic protection method of sacrificial anode or impressed current, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, thermal spraying, electrodeposition, etc., to modify the composition or surface of steel, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the corrosion resistance of steel. Finally, the improvement of steel corrosion resistance is summarized and prospected.
文摘针对某台超超临界1000MW机组燃用准东煤锅炉水冷壁出现的沾污结渣、高温腐蚀问题,基于锅炉的燃烧煤种特性、结焦状况以及腐蚀类型,开展了纳米高熵陶瓷涂层在锅炉后墙水冷壁燃尽风区域的工程验证试验。采用宏观检查、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、拉曼光谱、摩擦系数及表面能测试等方法,分析了纳米高熵陶瓷涂层的使用效果,揭示了纳米高熵陶瓷涂层的防沾污结渣、耐腐蚀机制。试验结果表明,涂层在锅炉运行11个月后完好,表面无明显结焦物、无明显腐蚀凹坑,管壁未发生明显减薄。纳米高熵陶瓷涂层能够较好地解决锅炉水冷壁沾污结渣以及高温腐蚀的问题,为燃用准东煤锅炉的安全运行提供保障。
