基于自分裂竞争学习算法的关键帧提取

模糊C均值算法在进行关键帧提取时难以取得全局最优值,导致所提取的关键帧无法完整地描述镜头信息。提出一种基于自分裂竞争学习(SSCL)的关键帧提取方法,根据SSCL的分裂机制确定全局最优类数目的特点来确定关键帧的数量,同时根据SSCL的竞争学习机制有效确定类中心的特点来确定准确的帧图像作为视频的关键帧。实验证明基于SSCL的关键帧提取的方法比基于模糊C均值关键帧提取的方法能够更好地描述镜头内容。

自分裂GaN基垂直结构LED研究

为了解决感应耦合等离子体刻蚀和衬底切割对发光二极管芯片造成损伤的问题,提高器件的成品率,提出了一种新的制备氮化镓基垂直结构发光二极管的工艺方法,成功制备出了无需衬底切割的自分裂垂直结构发光二极管.制备过程中使用化学机械抛光来代替感应耦合等离子体刻蚀对n型氮化镓进行减薄,避免了感应耦合等离子体刻蚀对器件侧壁和有源区造成的损伤;通过临时衬底转移技术解决了衬底切割的问题,无需衬底切割即可得到单个发光二极管芯片.与传统结构正装发光二极管相比,300μm×300μm的自分裂垂直结构发光二极管的电学特性得到大幅度改善,电流为20 mA下的正向电压从3.17 V降到2.88 V,降低了9%;饱和电流从240 mA提高到280 mA,提高了17%.研究了电极形状对器件性能的影响,将电极形状由圆盘形改为环形,500μm×500μm的自分裂垂直结构发光二极管的饱和电流从450 mA提高到490 mA,提高了9%,通过优化电极结构有望进一步改善芯片性能.

智能体自分裂数量最优解的计算方法

提出一种提高超高频高维线性运算能力(UCP)的方法,描述了智能体模仿白细胞的分化抵御现象、计算自分裂最优数量的过程.首先,通过计算时间缩减率筛选和归类影响UCP的重要因素,并以此构建标准宿主环境;其次,模拟微绒毛的逻辑结构设计环境探测器,并讨论不同条件下智能体自分裂最优数量的计算方法;然后,为准确描述宿主环境的线性运算能力,提出一种基于超越数精度计算的评价方法,并分析了不同测试函数对目标基函数的适用度;最后,通过计算准纳米晶体结构内弱互斥力的作用验证了所提出方法在运算时间、资源损耗等方面具有明显改善.

非均匀拉盖尔-高斯关联光束及其传输特性

提出了一种新型特殊关联部分相干光束即非均匀拉盖尔-高斯关联光束,其在x和y方向上的关联结构函数分别为非均匀关联和拉盖尔-高斯关联函数.基于广义惠更斯-菲涅耳衍射积分公式,推导了这种光束交叉谱密度函数在自由空间以及大气湍流中的传输式,并计算了该光束经过自由空间和湍流大气传输的光强分布和关联结构函数分布演化特性.研究发现,该光束光强分布在传输过程中展现出自聚焦、自偏移和自分裂等奇异特性,同时发现控制关联结构函数参数可以有效地降低湍流大气的影响.关联结构调控为操控光束传输行为提供了一种新颖而有效的手段,在大气激光通信、微粒操控等领域具有重要的应用前景.

具有余弦-高斯关联结构函数部分相干贝塞尔-高斯光束的传输性质及四暗空心光束的产生

基于广义惠更斯-菲涅耳衍射积分公式,获得了余弦-高斯关联结构函数部分相干贝塞尔-高斯光束交叉谱密度函数通过近轴ABCD光学系统传输时的解析表达式.并因此探讨了该类光束经过自由空间传输时光强分布的演化特性.结果表明,余弦-高斯关联部分相干贝塞尔-高斯光束在合适的参数条件下能呈现自分裂等奇异传输特性.特别地,这种自分裂可实现暗空心光束的复制,即从一个暗空心光束获得四个相似的暗空心光束.并且发现这些传输特性和关联结构函数结构密切相关,因此调控关联结构函数分布以实现调制光的相干长度和空间分布性质从而可实现操控光束传输行为.由于暗空心光束在工程技术领域的重要应用价值,本文的研究结果提供了实现四暗空心光束的可能方案,从而在激光通信、微粒操控等方面具有重要的应用前景.

Scalable and Identifier/Locator-Splitting Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

In the traditional Intemet Protocol （IP） architecture, there is an overload of IP sermntic problems. Existing solutions focused mainly on the infrastructure for the fixed network, and there is a lack of support for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks （MANETs）. To improve scalability, a routing protocol for MANETs is presented based on a locator named Tree-structure Locator Distance Vector （TLDV）. The hard core of this routing method is the identifier/locator split by the Distributed Hash Table （DHT） method, which provides a scalable routing service. The node locator indicates its relative location in the network and should be updated whenever topology changes, kocator space ks organized as a tree-structure, and the basic routing operation of the TLDV protocol is presented. TLDV protocol is compared to some classical routing protocols for MANETs on the NS2 platform Results show that TLDV has better scalability. Key words：

Splitting and Restoration of Kondo Peak in a Deformed Molecule Quantum Dot Coupled to Ferromagnetic Electrodes

We adopt the nonequilibrium Green＇s function method to theoretically study the Kondo effect in a deformed molecule, which is treated as an electron-phonon interaction （EPI） system. The self-energy for phonon part is calculated in the standard many-body diagrammatic expansion up to the second order in EPI strength. We find that the multiple phonon-assisted Kondo satellites arise besides the usual Kondo resonance. In the antiparallel magnetic configuration the splitting of main Kondo peak and phonon-assisted satellites only happen for asymmetrical dot-lead couplings, but it is free from the symmetry for the parallel magnetic configuration. The EPI strength and vibrational frequency can enhance the spin splitting of both main Kondo and satellites. It is shown that the suppressed zero-bias Kondo resonance can be restored by applying an external magnetic field, whose magnitude is dependent on the phononic effect remarkably. Although the asymmetry in tunnel coupling has no contribution to the restoration of spin splitting of Kondo peak, it can shrink the external field needed to switch tunneling magnetoresistance ratio between large negative dip and large positive peak.

Adaptive Spatial-division Split-step Fourier Migration Method

This paper presents a new depth migration method, adaptive spatial-division split-step Fourier （ASDSSF） migration. In this method we introduce the idea of a stratified phase shift migration into the split-step Fourier （SSF） migration to make an accurate and efficient wave field image when sharp discontinuities appear in the velocity field. In principle, the ASDSSF migration is a multi-reference slowness （reciprocal of velocity） （MRS） migration. Compared to previous MRS migration methods, this method uses fewer reference slowness values without accuracy loss. The reference slowness is determined in this paper according to an error-control parameter of the perturbation term in the SSF operator and the variation of the complet velocity field. The velocity corresponded to reference slowness can define a spatial division. Each division can also be divided into several discontinuous spatial subdivisions to effectively reduce the number of reference slowness values needed. The choice of reference slowness, including the number of reference slowness values needed and how to construct the spatial divisions, is adaptive and reasonable at each extrapolation step （depth step）. A simple and economical smoothing filter in the wave number-frequency domain is designed to avoid artifacts in the wave field extrapolation due to the presence of sharp discontinuities in the velocity field. For comparable conditions the present approach to migration is expected to be computationally more efficient and accurate than other MRS migration methods. The performance of the method is demonstrated on a simple 2D prestack model and the prestack SEG/EAEG salt dataset.

Wifehood and Silent Separatist Policy in Alan Paton＇ s Cry, The Beloved Country

The paper presents abandonment, loneliness, and desolation, which defaced wifehood institution in South African polity. The disruption of family life and lack of opportunity for personal development turned women desolate and children delinquent. The problem is the non-liberal practices in South Africa in spite of the struggle of people like Alan Paton. The objective of this paper is to study the South African society as presented by Alan Paton in line with his Liberalist Theory in order to make freedom and development achievable. The main factual points are that racism still exists; most black homes are separated; most black women are not empowered; colour segregation hinder development. The methodology adopted is the interpretation discourse of Alan Paton＇s Cry My Beloved Country in line with South African society. The Silent Separatist Policy, Survival and Family; Societal Plague and Women; Apartheid： Implication for Development; and Way Forward are discussed. The outcome revealed the difficulty of transforming South Africa into a complete liberal society due to racism and the need to empower women. The conclusions are： Education should be made accessible to all; Women empowered and total freedom restored.

Magnetic Field Effects on Quantum-Dot Spin Valves

We study the magnetic field effects on the spin-polarized transport of the quantum dot （QD） spin valve in the sequential tunneling regime. A set of generalized master equation is derived. Based on that, we discuss the collinear and noncollinear magnetic field effects, respectively. In the collinear magnetic field case, we find that the Zeeman splitting can induce a negative differential conductance （NDC）, which is quite different from the one found in previous studies. It has a critical polarization in the parallel arrangement and will disappear in the antiparallel configuration. In the noncollinear magnetic field case, the current shows two plateaus and their angular dependence is analyzed. Although sometimes the two current plateaus have similar angular dependence, their mechanisms are different. Our formalism is also suitable for calculating the transport in magnetic molecules, in which the spin splitting is induced not by a magnetic field but by the intrinsic magnetization.

A half-century of radioisotope neutron sources in China

Near 50 years history of the development of radioisotope neutron sources in China is briefly reviewed.The structure design,preparing technology and production status of routine neutron sources including 210Po-Be sources,210Po mock fission sources,241Am-Be sources,238Pu-Be sources,252Cf spontaneous fission sources and other special-shape neutron sources are summarized.In addition,the prospects of development on radioisotope neutron source in China are predicted from the needs of nuclear power construction,oil well-logging,neutron moisture gauge and neutron brachytherapy.

Spin-orbit Splitting and Lifetime Broadening in the A2△ Electronic State of l-C5H

Optical absorption bands at -18772 and -18807 cm-1, previously assigned to A2A-X2H electronic origin band transitions of the linear carbon-chain radicals CsH and CsD, respectively, have been reinvestigated. The spectra have been recorded in direct absorption applying cavity ring-down spectroscopy to a supersonically expanding acetylene/helium plasma. The improved spectra allow deducing a l-CsH upper state spin-orbit coupling constant X=-0.7（3） cm-1 and a A2A lifetime of 1.65=0.3 ps.

基于SSCL的模糊C均值图像分类方法

针对传统模糊C均值聚类方法对噪声敏感和过分依赖于初始聚类中心的缺点,提出基于SSCL的模糊C均值图像分类的自适应算法。该算法首先通过SSCL获得初始类别数和类别中心,然后作为模糊C均值聚类的输入,自动对图像进行分割,并对图像分割结果利用空间信息进行后处理。实验结果表明该方法较好地解决了FCM算法中的初始化和噪声敏感问题,具有较好的分类结果。

具有余弦-洛伦兹关联结构函数部分相干高斯光束的聚焦性质

引入一类新的部分相干光束,其谱相干度或关联结构函数具有余弦-洛伦兹的非传统相关函数形式(即非高斯函数形式),这类部分相干光束满足Gori确定的充分条件,是物理上可实现的光束。基于广义惠更斯-菲涅耳衍射的Collins积分公式,获得了余弦-洛伦兹关联结构函数部分相干高斯光束通过近轴ABCD光学系统传输时其交叉谱密度函数的一般解析表达式,并探讨了光束经过薄透镜聚焦时光强分布的演化特性。结果表明:该类光束在合适的参数条件下能呈现自分裂和自整形等奇异传输特性,且这些传输特性与关联结构函数的性质密切相关;这类光束的自分裂和束斑形状变化是由关联结构函数中的不同因子产生的。因此,调控这类部分相干光束的关联结构函数分布可以有效调制其相干长度和非均匀性,从而可操控光束传输行为。该研究结果为实现4个正方形光束提供了可能方案,在工程技术领域具有重要的应用前景。

Endothelin-1, an important mitogen of smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE: To study the features of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1). METHODS: VSMCs of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats were cultured and treated with ET-1. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene expression was measured using both Northern blot and an enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS: ET-1 resulted in an increase in bFGF transcripts at 8 - 24 h; bFGF levels were significantly higher in VSMCs treated with ET-1 than in those not treated. However, VSMCs growth responses in SHR and WKY were different. Smooth muscle cells of SHR were hyper-responsive to ET-1. Maximal bFGF mRNA levels were elevated 3.5-fold at 4 h of stimulation in WKY and 8-fold at 8h in SHR4. Moreover, the proliferation of VSMCs induced by ET-1 was inhibited by antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (10 micromol/L AS-bFGF) but not sense bFGF oligomers at the same concentrations, being reduced by 80% in SHR and 40% in WKY vs control, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of AS-bFGF oligomers on SHR SMC proliferation is significantly greater than on WKY SMC proliferation. CONCLUSION: ET-1 may be required for exaggerated vascular growth responses in SHR and bFGF may be involved.

Split Graphs with Completely Regular Endomorphism Monoids

In this paper, split graphs with complete endomorphism-regularity are characterized explicitly. Hopefully, the main idea of the proofs can also be used for other classes of graphs.

Split graphs whose half-strong endomorphisms form a monoid

In this paper, the half-strong, the locally strong and the quasi-strong endomorphisms of a split graph are investigated. Let X be a split graph and let End（X）, hEnd（X）, 1End（X） and qEnd（X） be the endomorphism monoid, the set of all half-strong endomorphisms, the set of all locally strong endomorphisms and the set of all quasi-strong endomorphisms of X, respectively. The conditions under which hEnd（X） forms a submonoid of End（X） are given. It is shown that 1End（X） = qEnd（X） for any split graph X. The conditions under which 1End（X） （resp. qEnd（X）） forms a submonoid of End（X） are also given. In particular, if hEnd（X） forms a monoid, then 1End（X） （resp. qEnd（X）） forms a monoid too.

Exponential mean-square stability of the improved split-step theta methods for non-autonomous stochastic differential equations

We consider the mean-square stability of the so-called improved split-step theta method for stochastic differential equations. First, we study the mean-square stability of the method for linear test equations with real parameters. When 0 ≥ 3/2, the improved split-step theta methods can reproduce the mean-square stability of the linear test equations for any step sizes h 〉 0. Then, under a coupled condition on the drift and diffusion coefficients, we consider exponential mean-square stability of the method for nonlinear non-autonomous stochastic differential equations. Finally, the obtained results are supported by numerical experiments.

Tensor force effect on single-proton energy levels of oxygen isotopes

In the framework of the Hartree-Fock approach the proton spin-orbital splittings of the 1p orbits and the shell gaps in the oxygen isotopes are investigated with the interactions SLy5+T,SLy5+Tw,SGII+Te1,SGII+Te2,SGII+Te3 and many sets of the TIJ interactions.All of the interactions are the Skyrme interactions and contain a tensor component(tensor force).It is shown that the evolution of the single-proton levels for the oxygen isotopes is sensitive to a parameterβTwhich is associated with the tensor force strength of the Skyrme interactions.To understand this phenomenon,we systematically analyze the dependence of the spin-orbit splittings and shell gaps on the parameterβTin terms of the spin-orbit potential and the corresponding wave function.We find that the Skyrme interactions can be classified into two groups:(a)T21,T32,T43,T54,SLy5+T,SLy5+Tw,SGII+Te1 and SGII+Te2,which can roughly reproduce the experimental shell gaps of the oxygen isotopes;(b)T1J and SGII+Te3,which can not reproduce the experimental shell gaps.

Spin Splitting in Different Semiconductor Quantum Wells

We theoretically investigate the spin splitting in four undoped asymmetric quantum wells in the absence of external electric field and magnetic field.The quantum well geometry dependence of spin splitting is studied with the Rashba and the Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling included.The results show that the structure of quantum well plays an important role in spin splitting.The Rashba and the Dresselhaus spin splitting in four asymmetric quantum wells are quite different.The origin of the distinction is discussed in this work.