Multidrug resistance （MDR） is a major problem in cancer chemotherapy. One of the best known mechanisms of MDR is the elevated expression of ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporters. While some members of human ABC ...Multidrug resistance （MDR） is a major problem in cancer chemotherapy. One of the best known mechanisms of MDR is the elevated expression of ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporters. While some members of human ABC transporters have been shown to cause drug resistance with elevated expression, it is not yet known whether the over-expression of other members could also contribute to drug resistance in many model cancer cell lines and clinics. The recent development ofmicroarrays and quantitative PCR arrays for expression profiling analysis of ABC transporters has helped address these issues. In this article, various arrays with limited or full list of ABC transporter genes and their use in identifying ABC transporter genes in drug resistance and chemo-sensitivity prediction will be reviewed.展开更多
Food sensitivities are non-IgE-mediated, non-coeliac, dose-dependent and delayed systemic responses to food. They consist of a highly complex class of adverse food reactions; however, their last phase is the release o...Food sensitivities are non-IgE-mediated, non-coeliac, dose-dependent and delayed systemic responses to food. They consist of a highly complex class of adverse food reactions; however, their last phase is the release of mediators from leukocytes. The Mediator Release Test （MRT） is a functional measure of sensitivity-based inflammatory responses. It is an end-point test, which can account for the widest range of triggering mechanisms involved in sensitivity reactions, including both innate and adaptive pathways. MRT not only tests reactions to foods, food-chemicals, and other substances, but also reliably quantifies the degree of the inflammatory response. The test opens the new therapeutic options for food sensitivities.展开更多
The secretory granules of mast cells contain several mediators, some of which, such as histamine and serotonine, are known to participate in many immune reactions and allergic diseases. Allergic reactions play the lea...The secretory granules of mast cells contain several mediators, some of which, such as histamine and serotonine, are known to participate in many immune reactions and allergic diseases. Allergic reactions play the leading role in pathogenesis of dermatitis and mechanism of such reactions is based on release of histamine and serotonin. Due to this, the development of drug with both antihistamine and antiseritinine activity was the goal of this study. Drugs with close chemical structure and pharmacological activity were selected from derivates of quinuclidin carbinols. This difference in pharmacological activity of different compounds makes Dualler-G, a new antiallergic drug with antihistamine and antiserotonine activity. The goal of the study was clinical trial of Dualler-G in patients with allergic dermatosis. Obtained data shows that Dualler-G shows high effectiveness in treatment of different types of dermatosis. The effect of Dualler-G, an original antiallergic drug, was evaluated in patients displaying different kinds of dermatosis （urticarea, eczema）. A total of 22 patients diagnosed with dermatosisis were randomized to receive in an open fashion 40 mg of Dualler-G per day, for 2 weeks. Efficacy was assessed according to the common improvement of pathological elements on skin or itching as symptom. Clinical course of patients treated with Dualler-G tended to be significantly better than the patients treated with other antiallergic preparations and the symptoms were significantly correlated in the Dualler-G treated group. These data suggest that Dualler-G provides direct efficacy on the symptoms （skin elements and itching） in patients with different kinds of dermatosis.展开更多
Effects of electroacupuncture (EA) and routine acupuncture with twirling reinforcing and reducing manipulation of the needle (RA) both at Zusanli point (St 36) on volume of microcirculatory blood flow in the cerebral ...Effects of electroacupuncture (EA) and routine acupuncture with twirling reinforcing and reducing manipulation of the needle (RA) both at Zusanli point (St 36) on volume of microcirculatory blood flow in the cerebral pia mater were observed by fenestration of the cranial bone and laser Doppler microcirculatory blood flow analyser. Results showed that both RA and EA could increase the volume of microcirculatory blood flow in the cerebral pia mater; and that the increase in the EA group was superior to that in RA group. This suggests that a moderate and effective stimulation is a key to the production of a regulative effect on the organism.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the prevalence ofpenicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) inWuxi. Methods: Nested PCR (nPCR) was used to test for thepresence of β-lactamase DNA in urethral or cervical swabsspec...Objective: To investigate the prevalence ofpenicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) inWuxi. Methods: Nested PCR (nPCR) was used to test for thepresence of β-lactamase DNA in urethral or cervical swabsspecimens from 217 patients with gonorrhea. OnenPCR-positive product was randomly selected for DNAsequencing. Results: PPNG was found in 60 of all 217 specimens(27.65%), and in 33.87% (42/124) of male and 19.35%(18/93) of female cases. The nPCR product was identical toa known clinical PPNG strain. Conclusion: The prevalence of PPNG in STD patients inWuxi is alarmingly high, and this must be taken intoconsideration for successful treatment and prevention ofgonorrhea infections.展开更多
The effect of two fermented milks （FMI, FM2） with lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria on the intestine mucosa was studied. BALB/c mice were divided in groups of non-sensitized or sensitized by oral route to cow...The effect of two fermented milks （FMI, FM2） with lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria on the intestine mucosa was studied. BALB/c mice were divided in groups of non-sensitized or sensitized by oral route to cow＇s milk or colonized by FM1 [10^7 cfu/mL ofBifidobacterium longum （Bfl） and 10^8 cfu/mL of Streptococcus thermophillus （Stl）] and sensitized by oral route to cow＇s milk or colonized by FM2 [10^7 cfu/mL of Bfl and 10^7 cfu/mL ofLactobacillusplantarum （LbO）] and sensitized to cow＇s milk. Blood was sampled and the amount of anti-β-Lactoglobulin （β-Lg） IgG was measured. Mice were sacrificed, fragments of their intestines were isolated to inspect the structural changes of intestinal mucosa. A significant anti-β-Lg response was elicited by oral sensitization in positive control compared to other groups. Inspection of villi structural changes reveal signs of inflammation in challenged group compared with FM1 and FM2 groups, which conserved long villi characteristic of negative controls. The colonization of intestines by BfI-StI and BfI-LbO, and the evaluation of the residual antigenicity of β-Lg in mice sensitized to bovine milk by oral route followed by histological studies, revealed that FM1 and FM2 play protective role and reduce the histological lesions typical of bovine milk allergy.展开更多
Abacavir is an effective nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients.Its main side effect is hypersensitivity reaction(HSR).The incidence of the ...Abacavir is an effective nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients.Its main side effect is hypersensitivity reaction(HSR).The incidence of the HSR is associated with ethnicity among patients exposed to abacavir,and retrospective and prospective studies show a significantly increased risk of abacavir-induced HSR in human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-B*57:01-carrying patients.Immunological studies indicated that abacavir interacts specifically with HLA-B*57:01 and changed the binding specificity between the HLA molecule and the HLA-presented endogenous peptide repertoire,leading to a systemic autoimmune reaction.HLA-B*57:01 screening,combined with patch testing,had clinically predictive value and cost-effective impact in reducing the incidence of abacavir-induced HSR regardless of the HLA-B*57:01 prevalence in the population.Therefore,the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA) and international HIV treatment guidelines recommend a routine HLA-B*57:01 screening prior to abacavir treatment to decrease false positive diagnosis and prevent abacavir-induced HSR.The studies of abacavir-induced HSR and the implementation of the HLA-B*57:01 screening in the clinic represent a successful example of the use of pharmacogenetics for personalized diagnosis and therapy.展开更多
文摘Multidrug resistance （MDR） is a major problem in cancer chemotherapy. One of the best known mechanisms of MDR is the elevated expression of ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporters. While some members of human ABC transporters have been shown to cause drug resistance with elevated expression, it is not yet known whether the over-expression of other members could also contribute to drug resistance in many model cancer cell lines and clinics. The recent development ofmicroarrays and quantitative PCR arrays for expression profiling analysis of ABC transporters has helped address these issues. In this article, various arrays with limited or full list of ABC transporter genes and their use in identifying ABC transporter genes in drug resistance and chemo-sensitivity prediction will be reviewed.
文摘Food sensitivities are non-IgE-mediated, non-coeliac, dose-dependent and delayed systemic responses to food. They consist of a highly complex class of adverse food reactions; however, their last phase is the release of mediators from leukocytes. The Mediator Release Test （MRT） is a functional measure of sensitivity-based inflammatory responses. It is an end-point test, which can account for the widest range of triggering mechanisms involved in sensitivity reactions, including both innate and adaptive pathways. MRT not only tests reactions to foods, food-chemicals, and other substances, but also reliably quantifies the degree of the inflammatory response. The test opens the new therapeutic options for food sensitivities.
文摘The secretory granules of mast cells contain several mediators, some of which, such as histamine and serotonine, are known to participate in many immune reactions and allergic diseases. Allergic reactions play the leading role in pathogenesis of dermatitis and mechanism of such reactions is based on release of histamine and serotonin. Due to this, the development of drug with both antihistamine and antiseritinine activity was the goal of this study. Drugs with close chemical structure and pharmacological activity were selected from derivates of quinuclidin carbinols. This difference in pharmacological activity of different compounds makes Dualler-G, a new antiallergic drug with antihistamine and antiserotonine activity. The goal of the study was clinical trial of Dualler-G in patients with allergic dermatosis. Obtained data shows that Dualler-G shows high effectiveness in treatment of different types of dermatosis. The effect of Dualler-G, an original antiallergic drug, was evaluated in patients displaying different kinds of dermatosis （urticarea, eczema）. A total of 22 patients diagnosed with dermatosisis were randomized to receive in an open fashion 40 mg of Dualler-G per day, for 2 weeks. Efficacy was assessed according to the common improvement of pathological elements on skin or itching as symptom. Clinical course of patients treated with Dualler-G tended to be significantly better than the patients treated with other antiallergic preparations and the symptoms were significantly correlated in the Dualler-G treated group. These data suggest that Dualler-G provides direct efficacy on the symptoms （skin elements and itching） in patients with different kinds of dermatosis.
基金The study has been supported by Fund of National Administrative Bureau of TCM for the Young, Grant No. 93C025
文摘Effects of electroacupuncture (EA) and routine acupuncture with twirling reinforcing and reducing manipulation of the needle (RA) both at Zusanli point (St 36) on volume of microcirculatory blood flow in the cerebral pia mater were observed by fenestration of the cranial bone and laser Doppler microcirculatory blood flow analyser. Results showed that both RA and EA could increase the volume of microcirculatory blood flow in the cerebral pia mater; and that the increase in the EA group was superior to that in RA group. This suggests that a moderate and effective stimulation is a key to the production of a regulative effect on the organism.
文摘Objective: To investigate the prevalence ofpenicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) inWuxi. Methods: Nested PCR (nPCR) was used to test for thepresence of β-lactamase DNA in urethral or cervical swabsspecimens from 217 patients with gonorrhea. OnenPCR-positive product was randomly selected for DNAsequencing. Results: PPNG was found in 60 of all 217 specimens(27.65%), and in 33.87% (42/124) of male and 19.35%(18/93) of female cases. The nPCR product was identical toa known clinical PPNG strain. Conclusion: The prevalence of PPNG in STD patients inWuxi is alarmingly high, and this must be taken intoconsideration for successful treatment and prevention ofgonorrhea infections.
文摘The effect of two fermented milks （FMI, FM2） with lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria on the intestine mucosa was studied. BALB/c mice were divided in groups of non-sensitized or sensitized by oral route to cow＇s milk or colonized by FM1 [10^7 cfu/mL ofBifidobacterium longum （Bfl） and 10^8 cfu/mL of Streptococcus thermophillus （Stl）] and sensitized by oral route to cow＇s milk or colonized by FM2 [10^7 cfu/mL of Bfl and 10^7 cfu/mL ofLactobacillusplantarum （LbO）] and sensitized to cow＇s milk. Blood was sampled and the amount of anti-β-Lactoglobulin （β-Lg） IgG was measured. Mice were sacrificed, fragments of their intestines were isolated to inspect the structural changes of intestinal mucosa. A significant anti-β-Lg response was elicited by oral sensitization in positive control compared to other groups. Inspection of villi structural changes reveal signs of inflammation in challenged group compared with FM1 and FM2 groups, which conserved long villi characteristic of negative controls. The colonization of intestines by BfI-StI and BfI-LbO, and the evaluation of the residual antigenicity of β-Lg in mice sensitized to bovine milk by oral route followed by histological studies, revealed that FM1 and FM2 play protective role and reduce the histological lesions typical of bovine milk allergy.
文摘Abacavir is an effective nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients.Its main side effect is hypersensitivity reaction(HSR).The incidence of the HSR is associated with ethnicity among patients exposed to abacavir,and retrospective and prospective studies show a significantly increased risk of abacavir-induced HSR in human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-B*57:01-carrying patients.Immunological studies indicated that abacavir interacts specifically with HLA-B*57:01 and changed the binding specificity between the HLA molecule and the HLA-presented endogenous peptide repertoire,leading to a systemic autoimmune reaction.HLA-B*57:01 screening,combined with patch testing,had clinically predictive value and cost-effective impact in reducing the incidence of abacavir-induced HSR regardless of the HLA-B*57:01 prevalence in the population.Therefore,the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA) and international HIV treatment guidelines recommend a routine HLA-B*57:01 screening prior to abacavir treatment to decrease false positive diagnosis and prevent abacavir-induced HSR.The studies of abacavir-induced HSR and the implementation of the HLA-B*57:01 screening in the clinic represent a successful example of the use of pharmacogenetics for personalized diagnosis and therapy.
