为研究煤矿火区封闭时燃烧生成气体对瓦斯爆炸的影响,选取平庄瑞安煤矿褐煤作为试验煤样,利用管式炉程序升温和气相色谱仪进行生成气体成分分析试验,得到风量分别为40,80,120,160和200 m L/min时,褐煤燃烧生成碳氢化物气体的初现温度及...为研究煤矿火区封闭时燃烧生成气体对瓦斯爆炸的影响,选取平庄瑞安煤矿褐煤作为试验煤样,利用管式炉程序升温和气相色谱仪进行生成气体成分分析试验,得到风量分别为40,80,120,160和200 m L/min时,褐煤燃烧生成碳氢化物气体的初现温度及其体积分数变化规律。结果表明,风量增加,碳氢化物气体初现温度升高;随着温度升高,CH_4气体生成量增加,在348℃时达到最大值,C_2H_6,C_3H_8,C_2H_4与C_2H_2气体生成量也增加,在400℃时达到最大值;相同温度下,随着风量增加,碳氢化物生成量减小,且燃烧阶段CH_4,C_2H_6,C_3H_8,C_2H_4生成量与风量呈指数关系变化,C_2H_2生成量与风量呈线性关系变化。展开更多
为研究火区封闭过程中气体组分变化,通过分析火区内气体成分判定火区燃烧状态,以安全封闭火区防止因火灾引发瓦斯爆炸事故.利用程序升温实验研究了风量分别为40 m L/min、80 m L/min、120 m L/min、160 m L/min和200 m L/min时褐煤燃烧...为研究火区封闭过程中气体组分变化,通过分析火区内气体成分判定火区燃烧状态,以安全封闭火区防止因火灾引发瓦斯爆炸事故.利用程序升温实验研究了风量分别为40 m L/min、80 m L/min、120 m L/min、160 m L/min和200 m L/min时褐煤燃烧产生的碳氧化物体积分数及O_2体积分数变化规律.研究结果表明:风量越大,O_2体积分数变化趋势越小,消耗氧气量越小;相同温度条件下,O_2体积分数有随着风量增加呈现增加的规律性;随着风量增加,CO、CO_2生成量均减少,且CO、CO_2生成量与温度之间呈指数关系变化;相同温度下,随着风量增加,CO、CO_2生成量减少,且燃烧阶段CO生成量与风量呈指数关系变化,CO_2生成量与风量呈线性关系变化.随着风量增加,CO生成初始温度滞后,相同温度时CO生成量减少.展开更多
以平庄瑞安褐煤为研究对象,通过热重试验确定褐煤燃烧阶段温度范围,利用管式炉程序升温系统进行煤样氧化自燃试验,得到风量分别为40、80、120、160和200 m L/min条件下的气体;为确定优选指标气体的关联度大小,采用灰色关联法对其进行分...以平庄瑞安褐煤为研究对象,通过热重试验确定褐煤燃烧阶段温度范围,利用管式炉程序升温系统进行煤样氧化自燃试验,得到风量分别为40、80、120、160和200 m L/min条件下的气体;为确定优选指标气体的关联度大小,采用灰色关联法对其进行分析。结果表明:褐煤燃烧阶段温度为247~433℃,408℃左右达到快速燃烧状态。当风量恒定时,CO_2/ΔO_2、CO/ΔO_2、C_2H-4与温度的关联度比CO、C_2H_6、C_2H_4/C_2H_6高。随风量不断增加,指标气体与温度的关联度:CO_2/ΔO_2最大,其次是CO/ΔO_2、C_2H_4和CO,C_2H_6和C_2H_4/C_2H_6最小。故可将CO_2/ΔO_2、CO/ΔO_2和C_2H_4作为主要指标,CO作为辅助指标用于预测煤矿井下封闭火区燃烧状态。展开更多
This paper summarizes the selected results of an extensive investigation of application of two methods （hydrothermal and mechanochemical） assisted by calcination for synthesizing belite cement from reactive mixtures...This paper summarizes the selected results of an extensive investigation of application of two methods （hydrothermal and mechanochemical） assisted by calcination for synthesizing belite cement from reactive mixtures （CaO/SiO2 molar ratio of 2） consisting of various waste kinds from fluidized brown coal combustion in Slovakian power plant and CaO addition. Based on XRD diffraction patterns and infrared spectra ofpre-treatment products, the formation of the new profiles corresponding to CSH phases with low degree of ordering as belite precursors after hydrothermal treatment as well as metastables calcium silicates and aluminosilicates in mechanosynthesized products was confirmed. Calcination of hydrothermally treated products led to transformation of CSH phases to wollastonite （CS）, belite and gehlenite phase, whereas creation oft^- and I^-C2S or wollastonite in milled reactive mixture took place. Differences in phase composition of products before and after calcination depend upon waste quality and precursor＇s synthesis conditions. Bottom ash isn＇t suitable as raw material for synthesizing belite phase because of high CaO content fixed in anhydrite form （44.1%）. Coal fly ash with low CaO content in anhydrite form （4.2%） and its mechanochemical or hydrothermal treatment in combination with subsequent heating offer opportunities for the utilization of coal fly ash as raw material for belite production.展开更多
The combustion characteristics of NaOH treated and untreated Xilihaote lignite was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis.The relationship between physico-chemical properties,including the ash content,oxygen-conta...The combustion characteristics of NaOH treated and untreated Xilihaote lignite was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis.The relationship between physico-chemical properties,including the ash content,oxygen-containing functional groups,mean pore diameter and specific surface area and combustion performance,was also studied in this paper.Combustion kinetic parameters were calculated through Coasts Redfern Method.The results show that ignition of treated samples takes place at higher temperature compared to raw lignite,and peak temperature also occurs at higher temperature.The maximum combustion rate of the sample,which was treated by 0.01 mol/L NaOH lignite,was the biggest.Reaction orders of 0.6,2.0,and 0.8 were found to be effective mechanism for definite three temperature regions.Average activation energies of these three temperature regions of XLHTR,XLHT0.01,XLHT0.50 and XLTH1.00 are 19.17,23.87,10.77,and 10.93 kJ/mol,respectively.Treatment of lignite with NaOH can reduce the reactivity of lignite at proper concentration.展开更多
Emission factors （EFs） of particulate matter （PM） derived from mono and co-firing of Thai lignite and agricultural residues have been investigated. Two sampling methods for PM, total filtration （TF） and electric...Emission factors （EFs） of particulate matter （PM） derived from mono and co-firing of Thai lignite and agricultural residues have been investigated. Two sampling methods for PM, total filtration （TF） and electrical low-pressure impactor （ELPI）, were used together. The study is focused on the influence of fuel mass fraction, and of secondary air to total air; SA：TA on EFs of PM. The results have shown that EFs of PM in mass-basis given by TF method are 8.9, 5.3 and 8.1 mg/kgfuel, while 3.3, 2.7 and 3.3 mg/kgfuel when using ELPI, for firing at constant SA：TA （30%） of lignite, rice husk and bagasse, respectively. For co-firing with 30%SA of coal/rice husk, higher EFs of PM is observed. They are 7.17 and 10.9 mg/kgfuel （TF） for 40 and 70% rice husk share, respectively, or 4.18 and 5.19 mg/kgfuel （ELPI）. However, lower PM emission; 1-3.3 mg/kgruel （TF） or 0.72-2.83 mg/kgfuel （ELPI） are obtained during co-firing of coal/rice husk with lower degree of air staging （i.e. 0-10% SA：TA）. For the influence of oxygenation state, increasing of SA： TA leads to a low formation of ultrafine particles （Dp 〈 0.1 μm）. Apart from PM, major gases （CO, NO, SO2） will be documented in this paper.展开更多
The combustion characteristics of lignite blends were studied with a thermogravimetric analyzer (t g a.), at constant heating rate.The characteristic temperatures were determined from the burning profiles.It was found...The combustion characteristics of lignite blends were studied with a thermogravimetric analyzer (t g a.), at constant heating rate.The characteristic temperatures were determined from the burning profiles.It was found that the characteristic times of combustion reaction moved forward, the ignition temperature dropped and the burnout efficiency slightly changed when blending lignites.The characteristic parameters of blends could not be predicted as a linear function of the average values of the individual lignites.when blending with less reactive coal, the ignition and burnout characteristics of lignite turned worse.展开更多
文摘为研究煤矿火区封闭时燃烧生成气体对瓦斯爆炸的影响,选取平庄瑞安煤矿褐煤作为试验煤样,利用管式炉程序升温和气相色谱仪进行生成气体成分分析试验,得到风量分别为40,80,120,160和200 m L/min时,褐煤燃烧生成碳氢化物气体的初现温度及其体积分数变化规律。结果表明,风量增加,碳氢化物气体初现温度升高;随着温度升高,CH_4气体生成量增加,在348℃时达到最大值,C_2H_6,C_3H_8,C_2H_4与C_2H_2气体生成量也增加,在400℃时达到最大值;相同温度下,随着风量增加,碳氢化物生成量减小,且燃烧阶段CH_4,C_2H_6,C_3H_8,C_2H_4生成量与风量呈指数关系变化,C_2H_2生成量与风量呈线性关系变化。
文摘为研究火区封闭过程中气体组分变化,通过分析火区内气体成分判定火区燃烧状态,以安全封闭火区防止因火灾引发瓦斯爆炸事故.利用程序升温实验研究了风量分别为40 m L/min、80 m L/min、120 m L/min、160 m L/min和200 m L/min时褐煤燃烧产生的碳氧化物体积分数及O_2体积分数变化规律.研究结果表明:风量越大,O_2体积分数变化趋势越小,消耗氧气量越小;相同温度条件下,O_2体积分数有随着风量增加呈现增加的规律性;随着风量增加,CO、CO_2生成量均减少,且CO、CO_2生成量与温度之间呈指数关系变化;相同温度下,随着风量增加,CO、CO_2生成量减少,且燃烧阶段CO生成量与风量呈指数关系变化,CO_2生成量与风量呈线性关系变化.随着风量增加,CO生成初始温度滞后,相同温度时CO生成量减少.
文摘以平庄瑞安褐煤为研究对象,通过热重试验确定褐煤燃烧阶段温度范围,利用管式炉程序升温系统进行煤样氧化自燃试验,得到风量分别为40、80、120、160和200 m L/min条件下的气体;为确定优选指标气体的关联度大小,采用灰色关联法对其进行分析。结果表明:褐煤燃烧阶段温度为247~433℃,408℃左右达到快速燃烧状态。当风量恒定时,CO_2/ΔO_2、CO/ΔO_2、C_2H-4与温度的关联度比CO、C_2H_6、C_2H_4/C_2H_6高。随风量不断增加,指标气体与温度的关联度:CO_2/ΔO_2最大,其次是CO/ΔO_2、C_2H_4和CO,C_2H_6和C_2H_4/C_2H_6最小。故可将CO_2/ΔO_2、CO/ΔO_2和C_2H_4作为主要指标,CO作为辅助指标用于预测煤矿井下封闭火区燃烧状态。
文摘This paper summarizes the selected results of an extensive investigation of application of two methods （hydrothermal and mechanochemical） assisted by calcination for synthesizing belite cement from reactive mixtures （CaO/SiO2 molar ratio of 2） consisting of various waste kinds from fluidized brown coal combustion in Slovakian power plant and CaO addition. Based on XRD diffraction patterns and infrared spectra ofpre-treatment products, the formation of the new profiles corresponding to CSH phases with low degree of ordering as belite precursors after hydrothermal treatment as well as metastables calcium silicates and aluminosilicates in mechanosynthesized products was confirmed. Calcination of hydrothermally treated products led to transformation of CSH phases to wollastonite （CS）, belite and gehlenite phase, whereas creation oft^- and I^-C2S or wollastonite in milled reactive mixture took place. Differences in phase composition of products before and after calcination depend upon waste quality and precursor＇s synthesis conditions. Bottom ash isn＇t suitable as raw material for synthesizing belite phase because of high CaO content fixed in anhydrite form （44.1%）. Coal fly ash with low CaO content in anhydrite form （4.2%） and its mechanochemical or hydrothermal treatment in combination with subsequent heating offer opportunities for the utilization of coal fly ash as raw material for belite production.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2012CB214901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51274197)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2010LKHX07) for the financial support
文摘The combustion characteristics of NaOH treated and untreated Xilihaote lignite was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis.The relationship between physico-chemical properties,including the ash content,oxygen-containing functional groups,mean pore diameter and specific surface area and combustion performance,was also studied in this paper.Combustion kinetic parameters were calculated through Coasts Redfern Method.The results show that ignition of treated samples takes place at higher temperature compared to raw lignite,and peak temperature also occurs at higher temperature.The maximum combustion rate of the sample,which was treated by 0.01 mol/L NaOH lignite,was the biggest.Reaction orders of 0.6,2.0,and 0.8 were found to be effective mechanism for definite three temperature regions.Average activation energies of these three temperature regions of XLHTR,XLHT0.01,XLHT0.50 and XLTH1.00 are 19.17,23.87,10.77,and 10.93 kJ/mol,respectively.Treatment of lignite with NaOH can reduce the reactivity of lignite at proper concentration.
文摘Emission factors （EFs） of particulate matter （PM） derived from mono and co-firing of Thai lignite and agricultural residues have been investigated. Two sampling methods for PM, total filtration （TF） and electrical low-pressure impactor （ELPI）, were used together. The study is focused on the influence of fuel mass fraction, and of secondary air to total air; SA：TA on EFs of PM. The results have shown that EFs of PM in mass-basis given by TF method are 8.9, 5.3 and 8.1 mg/kgfuel, while 3.3, 2.7 and 3.3 mg/kgfuel when using ELPI, for firing at constant SA：TA （30%） of lignite, rice husk and bagasse, respectively. For co-firing with 30%SA of coal/rice husk, higher EFs of PM is observed. They are 7.17 and 10.9 mg/kgfuel （TF） for 40 and 70% rice husk share, respectively, or 4.18 and 5.19 mg/kgfuel （ELPI）. However, lower PM emission; 1-3.3 mg/kgruel （TF） or 0.72-2.83 mg/kgfuel （ELPI） are obtained during co-firing of coal/rice husk with lower degree of air staging （i.e. 0-10% SA：TA）. For the influence of oxygenation state, increasing of SA： TA leads to a low formation of ultrafine particles （Dp 〈 0.1 μm）. Apart from PM, major gases （CO, NO, SO2） will be documented in this paper.
文摘The combustion characteristics of lignite blends were studied with a thermogravimetric analyzer (t g a.), at constant heating rate.The characteristic temperatures were determined from the burning profiles.It was found that the characteristic times of combustion reaction moved forward, the ignition temperature dropped and the burnout efficiency slightly changed when blending lignites.The characteristic parameters of blends could not be predicted as a linear function of the average values of the individual lignites.when blending with less reactive coal, the ignition and burnout characteristics of lignite turned worse.
