帕金森病(Parkinson disease,PD)患者多数会出现言语功能障碍,严重影响生活质量。近年重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)在治疗PD患者言语障碍的临床实践中取得了新的进展。研究结果提示,将rTMS作用...帕金森病(Parkinson disease,PD)患者多数会出现言语功能障碍,严重影响生活质量。近年重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)在治疗PD患者言语障碍的临床实践中取得了新的进展。研究结果提示,将rTMS作用于初级运动皮质(primary motor cortex,M1)的口面部区域和颞上回(superior temporal gyrus,STG)可能会有效地改善PD患者的言语功能,现有研究未见报道有由rTMS引起的严重不良反应。rTMS治疗PD患者言语障碍的机制可能与rTMS可以调节言语相关大脑皮质(如M1和STG)的兴奋性和功能连接程度有关。总结来说,rTMS在PD言语障碍的治疗中取得了良好的效果,但目前研究的数量较少,未来还需要更多大规模和大样本量的随机对照试验来进一步验证和支持其效果。展开更多
目的探讨神经性言语障碍患者单、复韵母构音运动的声学特征。方法在上海市多家医院收集24例40~81岁的神经性言语障碍患者(患者组),在上海市社区收集24例40~80岁的健康成人(对照组),从两组跟读含有不同韵母的语音样本中,提取单韵母/a/、...目的探讨神经性言语障碍患者单、复韵母构音运动的声学特征。方法在上海市多家医院收集24例40~81岁的神经性言语障碍患者(患者组),在上海市社区收集24例40~80岁的健康成人(对照组),从两组跟读含有不同韵母的语音样本中,提取单韵母/a/、/i/、/u/的第一、二共振峰(F1、F2),并计算出下颌距、舌距、元音空间面积(vowel space area,VSA)、元音清晰度指数(vowel articulation index,VAI);提取复韵母/ai/、/ua/、/uai/的第二共振峰并计算其斜率,比较不同语料任务下两组受试者的声学指标。结果单韵母任务下,患者组/a/的F1、/i/的F2、下颌距、舌距、VSA、VAI极显著小于正常对照组(P<0.01),/u/的F2极显著大于正常对照组(P<0.01);复韵母任务下,患者组/ai/、/ua/、/uai/的F2斜率均显著小于正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论神经性言语障碍患者单韵母构音运动范围减小,运动位置呈现集中趋势;复韵母构音运动速度减慢。展开更多
帕金森症(Parkinson’s Disease, PD)是累及锥体外系统的变性疾病,也称运动障碍性疾病,主要表现为震颤、强直和运动障碍。除了特征性运动障碍外,帕金森症患者还经常伴有语言及言语障碍,这些障碍严重影响了患者的日常生活和社交能力。过...帕金森症(Parkinson’s Disease, PD)是累及锥体外系统的变性疾病,也称运动障碍性疾病,主要表现为震颤、强直和运动障碍。除了特征性运动障碍外,帕金森症患者还经常伴有语言及言语障碍,这些障碍严重影响了患者的日常生活和社交能力。过往研究大多将语言及言语障碍的概念混为一谈,学科间也对各领域的进展也进行割裂性的研究,从而忽略了语言及言语因素在帕金森症诊断中的作用。本文以帕金森症的神经病理机制为切入点,探讨了帕金森症患者相关语言及言语障碍的具体表征,并表明在疾病发展的不同阶段会出现不同的语言及言语障碍预测指标。之后,本文梳理了该疾病的治疗现状及相应的治疗手段。在此基础上,本文对帕金森症未来研究发展提出展望。Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a degenerative disease involving the extrapyramidal system, also known as dyskinesia, which is characterized by tremor, tonus and dyskinesia. In addition to the characteristic movement disorders, patients with Parkinson’s disease often suffer from speech and language disorders, which seriously affect their daily life and social skills. Previous studies have mostly conflated the concepts of language and speech disorders, and interdisciplinary advances in each field have also been studied in a compartmentalized manner, thus the role of language and speech factors in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease has been overlooked. Taking the neuropathological mecha-nisms of Parkinson’s disease as an entry point, this paper explores the specific manifestations of language and speech disorders associated with Parkinson’s patients, and demonstrates that different predictors of language and speech disorders emerge at different stages of disease development. After that, this paper sorted out the current status and means of the treatment. On this basis, this paper puts forward the outlook for the future research development of Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
文摘帕金森病(Parkinson disease,PD)患者多数会出现言语功能障碍,严重影响生活质量。近年重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)在治疗PD患者言语障碍的临床实践中取得了新的进展。研究结果提示,将rTMS作用于初级运动皮质(primary motor cortex,M1)的口面部区域和颞上回(superior temporal gyrus,STG)可能会有效地改善PD患者的言语功能,现有研究未见报道有由rTMS引起的严重不良反应。rTMS治疗PD患者言语障碍的机制可能与rTMS可以调节言语相关大脑皮质(如M1和STG)的兴奋性和功能连接程度有关。总结来说,rTMS在PD言语障碍的治疗中取得了良好的效果,但目前研究的数量较少,未来还需要更多大规模和大样本量的随机对照试验来进一步验证和支持其效果。
文摘目的探讨神经性言语障碍患者单、复韵母构音运动的声学特征。方法在上海市多家医院收集24例40~81岁的神经性言语障碍患者(患者组),在上海市社区收集24例40~80岁的健康成人(对照组),从两组跟读含有不同韵母的语音样本中,提取单韵母/a/、/i/、/u/的第一、二共振峰(F1、F2),并计算出下颌距、舌距、元音空间面积(vowel space area,VSA)、元音清晰度指数(vowel articulation index,VAI);提取复韵母/ai/、/ua/、/uai/的第二共振峰并计算其斜率,比较不同语料任务下两组受试者的声学指标。结果单韵母任务下,患者组/a/的F1、/i/的F2、下颌距、舌距、VSA、VAI极显著小于正常对照组(P<0.01),/u/的F2极显著大于正常对照组(P<0.01);复韵母任务下,患者组/ai/、/ua/、/uai/的F2斜率均显著小于正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论神经性言语障碍患者单韵母构音运动范围减小,运动位置呈现集中趋势;复韵母构音运动速度减慢。
文摘帕金森症(Parkinson’s Disease, PD)是累及锥体外系统的变性疾病,也称运动障碍性疾病,主要表现为震颤、强直和运动障碍。除了特征性运动障碍外,帕金森症患者还经常伴有语言及言语障碍,这些障碍严重影响了患者的日常生活和社交能力。过往研究大多将语言及言语障碍的概念混为一谈,学科间也对各领域的进展也进行割裂性的研究,从而忽略了语言及言语因素在帕金森症诊断中的作用。本文以帕金森症的神经病理机制为切入点,探讨了帕金森症患者相关语言及言语障碍的具体表征,并表明在疾病发展的不同阶段会出现不同的语言及言语障碍预测指标。之后,本文梳理了该疾病的治疗现状及相应的治疗手段。在此基础上,本文对帕金森症未来研究发展提出展望。Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a degenerative disease involving the extrapyramidal system, also known as dyskinesia, which is characterized by tremor, tonus and dyskinesia. In addition to the characteristic movement disorders, patients with Parkinson’s disease often suffer from speech and language disorders, which seriously affect their daily life and social skills. Previous studies have mostly conflated the concepts of language and speech disorders, and interdisciplinary advances in each field have also been studied in a compartmentalized manner, thus the role of language and speech factors in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease has been overlooked. Taking the neuropathological mecha-nisms of Parkinson’s disease as an entry point, this paper explores the specific manifestations of language and speech disorders associated with Parkinson’s patients, and demonstrates that different predictors of language and speech disorders emerge at different stages of disease development. After that, this paper sorted out the current status and means of the treatment. On this basis, this paper puts forward the outlook for the future research development of Parkinson’s disease.
