观察补中益气汤联合配偶淋巴细胞体外诱生免疫疗法治疗因封闭抗体阴性所致复发性流产(脾虚型)的疗效

目的探讨补中益气汤联合配偶淋巴细胞体外诱生免疫疗法治疗因封闭抗体阴性所致复发性流产(脾虚型)的临床效果。方法采用配偶淋巴细胞体外诱生免疫疗法治疗对照组患者,采用配偶淋巴细胞体外诱生免疫疗法+补中益气汤治疗观察组患者。结果观察组患者的临床总有效率96.00%,相较于对照组的55.00%高,患者的妊娠成功率88.00%,相较于对照组的50.00%高,P均<0.05。结论因封闭抗体阴性所致复发性流产(脾虚型)患者接受补中益气汤与配偶淋巴细胞体外诱生免疫疗法治疗的临床效果显著。

鳞翅目昆虫的交配通信策略

本文简略讨论了鳞翅目昆虫交配通信模式,性信息素特异性的主要特征,雄性信息素在交配行为中的可能功能,以及性信息素多元组份在种间隔离和配偶体选择中的作用等基本问题。

配偶淋巴细胞体外诱生免疫及地屈孕酮治疗不明原因反复自然流产的疗效比较及对围产期母婴的影响

目的:探讨配偶淋巴细胞体外诱生免疫联合地屈孕酮治疗对不明原因反复自然流产(URSA)患者再次妊娠结局及对孕妇围产期并发症的发生和新生儿发育的影响。方法:随访分析254例URSA患者,其中A组84例接受配偶淋巴细胞体外诱生免疫治疗;B组86例接受地屈孕酮治疗;C组84例接受体外诱生免疫联合地屈孕酮治疗;比较3组患者接受治疗后的再次妊娠成功率,以及围产期孕产妇的情况和新生儿的发育。结果:3组患者再次妊娠成功率分别为89.3%、70.9%和92.8%。B组低于其他各组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组患者新生儿的分娩孕周无统计学差异(P>0.05);足月新生儿出生体质量及身长组间无统计学差异(P>0.05);各组与正常参照标准比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组间围产期妊娠并发症及新生儿畸形的发生率与流行病学调查数据比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:与单用地屈孕酮治疗比较,配偶淋巴细胞体外诱生免疫,或诱生免疫联合地屈孕酮治疗显著增加URSA患者再次妊娠的成功率;3种方法治疗均不影响新生儿生长发育;与正常妊娠相比,3种治疗均不增加孕妇围产期妊娠并发症与新生儿畸形率。

妊娠子鸣1例浅探

庞某,女,25岁,山东人,工人(其工种特点为常年屈身坐位),妊娠30周,儿啼腹中。平素体健,无传染病及遗传病史。月经14(4～5/28～30),色量正常,23岁结婚,配偶体健。孕1产0,末次月经1987年1月25日,预产期1988年4月2日。孕40天时有早孕反应,持续1个月即恢复正常。1988年2月16日,患者忽觉腹中似有儿啼。

生产等电点高于8或低于5的多肽的方法

本发明提供了一种生产等电点高于8或低于5的多肽的方法，其中肽作为融合蛋白被表达，在该融合蛋白中肽通过一个酸裂解位点与一个融合配偶体连接。在无离液剂存在的情况下肽通过酸裂解与融合配偶体分离。该融合配偶体及其可能存在的酸裂解产物与所需的肽具有足够的净电荷差，使肽可通过离子交换层析被分离。

细胞行为的调控

生长因子调节细胞的行为 ,同时受抑制物的制约。这两种蛋白质的复合结构呈背对背的蝴蝶状 ;抑制物伸出的“翅膀”紧紧包围着它的配偶体———

A Pd-metalated porous organic polymer as a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst for C–C couplings

An efficient catalyst system based on a Pd-metalated porous organic polymer bearing phenanthroline ligands was designed and synthesized.This catalyst was applied to various C–C bond-forming reactions,including the Suzuki,Heck and Sonogashira couplings,and afforded the corresponding products while exhibiting excellent activities and selectivities.More importantly,this catalyst can be readily recycled.These features show that such catalysts have significant potential applications in the future.

Cryopreservation of Gametophytes of Laminaria japonica (Phaeophyta) Using Encapsulation-Dehydration with Two-Step Cooling Method

Gametophytes of Laminaria japonica were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen using encapsulation-dehydration with two-step cooling method. Gametophytes cultured at 10℃ and under continuous irradiance of 30 μmol m^-2 s^-1 for 3 weeks were encapsulated in calcium alginate beads. The beads were dehydrated in 0.4 molLl sucrose prepared with seawater for 6 h, desiccated in an incubator set at 10℃ and 70% relative humidity for 4 h, pre-frozen at either -40℃ or -60℃ for 30 min, and stored in liquid nitrogen for 〉24 h. As high as 43% of survival rate was observed when gametophytes were thawed by placing the beads in 40℃ seawater and re-hydrated in 0.05 molL^-1 citrate sodium prepared using 30‰ NaCl 7 d later. More cells of male gametophytes survived the whole procedure in comparison with female gametophytes. The cells of gametophytes surviving the preservation were able to grow asexually and produce morphologically normal sporophytes.

Assessing the Germplasm of Laminaria (Phaeophyceae) with Random Amplified PoLymorphic DNA (RAPD) Method

Eighteen gametophytes includingL. japonica, L. ochotensisandL. longissima, were verified with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Eighteen ten-base primers were chosen from 100 primers selected for final amplification test. Among the total of 205 bands amplified, 181 (88.3%) were polymorphic. The genetic distance among different strains ranged from 0.072 to 0.391. The dendrogram constructed by unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic (UPGMA) method showed that the female and male gametophytes of the same cell lines could be grouped in pairs respectively. It indicated that RAPD analysis could be used not only to distinguish different strains ofLaminaria, but also to distinguish male and female gametophyte within the same cell lines. There is ambiguous systematic relationship if judged merely by the present data. It seems that the use of RAPD marker is limited to elucidation of the phylogenetic relationship among the species ofLaminaria.

Identification of Phase and Sex-related ISSR Markers of Red Alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis

Six ISSR primers are employed to display the polymorphism of different phases and sexes of red alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis, and two of them, P1 and P3, amplified distinct band patterns. The ISSR pattern amplified by primer P1 of the female gametophyte is identical to that of tetrasporophyte, but distinct from that of male gametophyte. Of the bands produced by primer P3, one is specific to female gametophyte. Three morphologically similar fronds can be easily identified using ISSR technique. Two specific markers, SM1 andSF3, related to male gametophyte and female gametophyte, are cloned and sequenced. The homologous sequences of SM1 are found to encode a hypothetical protein. There is no homologous sequence of SF3 that can be found in GenBank.

Effects of blue light on gametophyte development of Laminaria japonica (Laminariales, Phaeophyta)

Laminaria gametophyte was greatly influenced by light in its growth and development. Using light-emitting diodes (LED) as blue and red light sources, we analyzed the light effect on gametophytes devel- opment of Laminaria japonica Aresch. The gametophytes were obtained from zoospores collected in April, May, July, 2003 and September, 2004. We found that the growth of gametophytes was stimulated by increasing inten- sity of blue light (BL) and red light (RL) illumination, of which BL was obviously stronger than that of RL. The fertilization of gametophytes depended largely on BL, and only sufficient BL illumination could take the repro- ductive effect. In addition, we noticed that there was a significant difference in light responses for gametophytes developed from zoospore collected in different times. For zoospores released in April, under BL1 (73.90 μmol photons/m·s), the unicellular female gametophytes and multi-cellular male gametophytes produced eggs and sperms respectively, and further developed towards sporophytes. However, for gametophytes developed in May, July or September, they became multi-cellular and never formed oogonia or antheridia. It is believed that the Laminaria sporangium maturation stage could affect the gametophytes reaction to BL under laboratory culture conditions. Therefore, cryptochrome- or phototropin-like BL photoreceptors is probably involved in BL-induced development of Laminaria gametophytes.

Identification of a Putative Tetrasporophyte-Specific Gene in Gracilaria lemaneiformis(Gracilariales,Rhodophyte)

A putative tetrasporophyte-specific gene,designated as SSH466(GenBank accession No. DQ019223) ,was one of the genes identified in this work using suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH) method in Gracilaria lemaneiformis. The full length of the gene was obtained using SMART RACE strategy. Sequence analysis revealed that the gene had 1 019 nucleotides,including an open reading frame of 498 nucleotides encoding 166 amino acid residues,158 nucleotides of 5' untranslated region and 363 nucleotides of 3' non-coding region. Protein motif and secondary structure prediction showed that there existed a transmembrane domain with a unique β-sheet. Thus,SSH466 protein might be a cross-membrane protein. Sequence homology search in the public GenBank databases did not reveal any significant match with SSH466. Virtual Northern blot analysis confirmed that it was a tetrasporophyte-specific gene.

Investigation on the Perceptions of Living Donors regarding Spousal Renal Donor Transplantation

In Japan the average waiting time to receive a kidney from brain-dead patients or those in cardiac death is about 14 years. Therefore there is an increasing reliance of kidneys from living donor. Spouses are an important source of living-donor kidney grafts because, despite poor HLA matching, the graft-survival rate is similar to that of parental-donor kidneys. This study investigated the perceptions of living donors regarding spousal renal donor transplantation. We interviewed 8 donors about their feelings after transplantation using structured interviews. Many donors were not anxious and did not consider donation dangerous. However, in the case that the rejection occurred, as a result, transplantation was unsuccessful, the donor felt vain, and regretted that she was donor. On the other hand, total nephrectomy is often performed as a treatment for small size （4 cm or less） renal tumors and many of these nephrectomized kidneys could be successfully transplanted after surgical restoration with satisfactory results. Because of the lack of necessary evidence, it is currently not allowed in Japan. We estimated the 5-year recurrence rate of cancer after restored kidney transplantation would be less than 6%.We also asked donors the rights and wrongs for using the restored kidneys.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of {[Mn(H_2O)_4(3,3'-?azpy)](3, 3'-azpy)_3(PF_6)_2}_n

The complex {[Mn(H2O)4(3, 3?azpy)](3, 3?azpy)3(PF6)2}n (3, 3?azpy = 3, 3? azobispyridine) has been synthesized and characterized. The crystal (C40H40F12MnN16O4P2, Mr = 1153.76) belongs to the triclinic system, space group P with the following crystallographic parameters: a = 10.761(2), b = 11.040(2), c = 23.365(4) ? a = 85.52(1), b = 82.69(1), g = 70.44(1)? V = 2592.5(8) 3, Dc = 1.478 g/cm3, m(MoKa) = 4.16 cm-1, F(000) = 1174, Z = 2, final R = 0.0493 and wR = 0.1158 for the observed reflections (I > 2.00s(I)). The X-ray analysis revealed that manganese(Ⅱ) cation coordination environment is a distorted octahedral geometry, and the Mn2+ cation is coordinated by four oxygen atoms of water in the equatorial plane, while the two nitrogen atoms of 3, 3?azpy occupy the axial positions. The complex forms a one-dimensional chain structure via 3, 3?azpy bridging ligand.

Highly active binuclear Cu(Ⅱ) catalyst bearing an unsymmetrical bipyridine-pyrazole-amine ligand for the azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction

Ligands containing NH groups often show special characteristics.In this paper,a well-defined dinuclear Cu（II） complex bearing an unsymmetrical bipyridine-pyrazole-amine ligand was synthesized by the condensation of N–H to release H2O.Using sodium L-ascorbate as a reductant,the binuclear complex showed excellent activity in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions between alkynes and azides to obtain 1,4-disubstituted triazoles in 95%–99% isolated yields.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Copper (Ⅱ) Compound with 3,3'-Azobispyridine Ligand [Cu(NO_3)_2(H_2O)_2(3,3'azpy)_2]

The title complex [Cu(NO3)2(H2O)2(3,3-azpy)2] (3,3?azpy = 3,3?azobispyridine) has been synthesized and characterized, and its crystal belongs to the triclinic system, space group P with the following crystallographic parameters: a = 7.4161(2), b = 8.1754(3), c = 10.7545(4) ? a = 92.958(2), b = 109.978(1), g = 93.369(2)? V = 609.96(4) ?, C20H20N10CuO8, Mr = 592.00, Dc = 1.612 g/cm3, m(MoKa) = 0.964 mm-1, F(000) = 303, Z = 1, the final R = 0.0494 and wR = 0.1269 for 1945 observed reflections (I > 2s(I)). X-ray analysis reveals that the Cu atom adopts a distorted octahedral (4 + 2) coordination. The four closer donor atoms include two N atoms of 3,3?azpy and two O atoms of the coordination aqua with the CuN and CuO distances of 2.014(3) and 1.974(3) ? respectively. Two longer out-of-plane CuO bonds (2.450(3) ? from nitrate complete the strongly distorted octahedral coordination of the Cu atom. Hydrogen bonds are formed through H atoms of each coordination aqua with the remaining N atoms of 3,3?azpy and O atoms of nitrate. A two-dimensional network is constructed by hydrogen bonds and p-p interactions.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Compex Formation of Cerium（Ⅲ） with 1-phenyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazolone-5-azo-4-pyrogallole in the Presence of Cetylpyridine Chloride

Complex formation of cerium （Ⅲ） with l-phenyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazolone-5-azo-4-pyrogallole （L） in the presence and absence ofcetylpyridine chloride （CPC） was investigated. Homogeneous CeL- and mixed ligand CeL-CPC compounds are formed at pH 6. Constants of stability of the complexes are （IgKD 5.15±0.02 （CeL）, 7.98±0.03 （CeL-CPC）. Ratio of reagents in composition of homogeneous is （1 ：2） and in different ligand it equals to （1：2：2）. Beer＇s law is observed in interval of concentration 1.12-11.2 μg/ml Ce. The technique for photometric determination of cerium was worked out in artificial mixture.

The relationship between intraspecific assortative mating and reproductive isolation between divergent populations

The term ＇assortative mating＇ has been applied to describe two very different phenomena： （1） the tendency for indi- viduals to choose phenotypically similar mates from among conspecifics; or （2） the tendency to prefer conspecific over hete- rospecific mates （behavioral reproductive isolation）. Both forms of assortative mating are widespread in nature, but the relation- ship between these behaviors remains unclear. Namely, it is plausible that a preference for phenotypically similar conspecifics in cidentally reduces the probability of mating with phenotypically divergent heterospecifics. We present a model to calculate how the level of reproductive isolation depends on intraspecific assortative mating and the phenotypic divergence between species. For empirically reasonable levels of intraspecific assortment on a single trait axis, we show that strong reproductive isolation requires very substantial phenotypic divergence. We illustrate this point by applying our model to empirical data from threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus and Darwin＇s Finches （Geospiza spp）. We conclude that typical levels of intraspecific assortment cannot generally be extrapolated to explain levels of interspecific reproductive isolation. Instead, reproductive isolation between species likely arises from different mate choice behaviors, or multivariate assortative mating [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 484-492, 2012].

Polistes metricus queens exhibit personality variation and behavioral syndromes

Consistent differences in behavior between individuals, otherwise known as animal personalities, have become a staple in behavioral ecology due to their ability to explain a wide range of phenomena. Social organisms are especially serviceable to animal personality techniques because they can be used to explore behavioral variation at both the individual and group level. Despite the suc- cess of personality research in social organisms generally, and social Hymenoptera in particular, social wasps （Vespidae） have received little to no attention in the personality literature. In the pre- sent study, we test Polistes metricus （Vespidae; Polistinae） paper wasp queens for the presence of repeatable variation in, and correlations （＂behavioral syndromes＂） between, several commonly used personality metrics： boldness, aggressiveness, exploration, and activity. Our results indicate that P. metricus queens exhibit personalities for all measured traits and correlations between differ- ent behavioral measures. Given that paper wasps have served as a model organism for a wide range of phenomena such as kin selection, dominance hierarchies, mate choice, facial recognition, social parasitism, and chemical recognition, we hope that our results will motivate researchers to explore whether, or to what degree, queen personality is important in their research programs.

The complexity of G-protein coupled receptor-ligand interactions

The G-protein coupled receptors(GPCRs)play fundamental roles in the human biololgy and drug discovery.GPCRs function as signalling molecules that transduce extracellular signals into cells.The signalling transduction is generally triggered by interacting with ligands,including photons,ions,small organic compounds,peptides,proteins and lipids.In this review,we focus on interactions with diffusible ligands such as hormones and neurotransmitters.We discuss three aspects of the complexity of the GPCR-ligand interactions:functional selectivity of ligands,receptor subtype selectivity of ligands and orphan GPCRs.