水电站多机引水系统复杂供水方式下产生的水力耦合现象导致各机组交互作用,其对电站整体动态特性及调速系统参数整定具有重要影响。相对增益阵列(relative gain array,RGA)是多变量控制系统中各控制变量间交互影响的通用分析方法。该文...水电站多机引水系统复杂供水方式下产生的水力耦合现象导致各机组交互作用,其对电站整体动态特性及调速系统参数整定具有重要影响。相对增益阵列(relative gain array,RGA)是多变量控制系统中各控制变量间交互影响的通用分析方法。该文针对水电站多机水力耦合系统各机组调速控制回路间的交互影响,采用RGA方法对其进行了定量分析。通过建立水电站多机耦合系统整体状态方程,求解系统各调速控制回路间的频域RGA矩阵,揭示了多机耦合系统机组间交互程度在频域内的变化规律,并分析了调压室、岔管等水力系统参数对这种交互的影响。系统时域仿真结果表明了RGA分析方法的可行性及有效性,其分析结果可为水电站多机协调控制策略设计提供依据。展开更多
The transition towards the fifth generation(5G)of communication systems has been fueled by the need for compact,high-speed and wide-bandwidth systems.These advancements necessitate the development of novel and highly ...The transition towards the fifth generation(5G)of communication systems has been fueled by the need for compact,high-speed and wide-bandwidth systems.These advancements necessitate the development of novel and highly efficient antenna designs characterized by the compact size.In this paper,a novel antenna design with a hexagonal-shaped resonating element and two U-shaped open-ended stubs is presented.Millimeter-wave(mmWave)frequency range suffers from attenuation due to atmosphere and path loss because of higher frequencies.To address these issues,the deployment of a high-gain antenna is imperative.This design is created through an evolutionary process to work best in the mmWave frequency range with a high gain.A thin Rogers RT5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.254 mm,a dielectric constant of 2.3 and a loss tangent of 0.0009 supports the copper-based radiating element.A partial ground plane with a square slot and trimmed corners at the bottom enhances the antenna’s bandwidth.The single-element antenna exhibits a wide bandwidth of nearly 6 GHz and a gain of 4.58 dBi.By employing the proposed antenna array,the antenna gain is significantly enhanced to 14.90 dBi while maintaining an ultra-compact size of 24 mm×46 mm at the resonant frequency of 31 GHz.The antenna demonstrates a wider impedance bandwidth of 15.73%(28-34 GHz)and an efficiency of 94%.The proposed design works well for 5G communication and satellite communication,because it has a simple planar structure and focused dual-beam radiation patterns from a simple feeding network.展开更多
文摘水电站多机引水系统复杂供水方式下产生的水力耦合现象导致各机组交互作用,其对电站整体动态特性及调速系统参数整定具有重要影响。相对增益阵列(relative gain array,RGA)是多变量控制系统中各控制变量间交互影响的通用分析方法。该文针对水电站多机水力耦合系统各机组调速控制回路间的交互影响,采用RGA方法对其进行了定量分析。通过建立水电站多机耦合系统整体状态方程,求解系统各调速控制回路间的频域RGA矩阵,揭示了多机耦合系统机组间交互程度在频域内的变化规律,并分析了调压室、岔管等水力系统参数对这种交互的影响。系统时域仿真结果表明了RGA分析方法的可行性及有效性,其分析结果可为水电站多机协调控制策略设计提供依据。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12272092)。
文摘The transition towards the fifth generation(5G)of communication systems has been fueled by the need for compact,high-speed and wide-bandwidth systems.These advancements necessitate the development of novel and highly efficient antenna designs characterized by the compact size.In this paper,a novel antenna design with a hexagonal-shaped resonating element and two U-shaped open-ended stubs is presented.Millimeter-wave(mmWave)frequency range suffers from attenuation due to atmosphere and path loss because of higher frequencies.To address these issues,the deployment of a high-gain antenna is imperative.This design is created through an evolutionary process to work best in the mmWave frequency range with a high gain.A thin Rogers RT5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.254 mm,a dielectric constant of 2.3 and a loss tangent of 0.0009 supports the copper-based radiating element.A partial ground plane with a square slot and trimmed corners at the bottom enhances the antenna’s bandwidth.The single-element antenna exhibits a wide bandwidth of nearly 6 GHz and a gain of 4.58 dBi.By employing the proposed antenna array,the antenna gain is significantly enhanced to 14.90 dBi while maintaining an ultra-compact size of 24 mm×46 mm at the resonant frequency of 31 GHz.The antenna demonstrates a wider impedance bandwidth of 15.73%(28-34 GHz)and an efficiency of 94%.The proposed design works well for 5G communication and satellite communication,because it has a simple planar structure and focused dual-beam radiation patterns from a simple feeding network.
