基于Web of Science数据库搜索关键词“波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用”,筛分出与主题紧密相关的文献近百篇并对其梳理与分析,将研究阶段与理论模式进行划分,厘清当前研究存在的问题与机遇。结果发现,波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用研究自1980s...基于Web of Science数据库搜索关键词“波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用”,筛分出与主题紧密相关的文献近百篇并对其梳理与分析,将研究阶段与理论模式进行划分,厘清当前研究存在的问题与机遇。结果发现,波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用研究自1980s以来经历了理论提出、区域拓展、深入研究3个发展阶段。理论模式从单一的概念模式发展为不同尺度概念下的相互作用理论模式,研究方法从单一的野外测绘和海图测深资料发展到野外实地观测、室内风洞试验、3S技术与数值模拟相结合的综合研究方法;研究区域,从澳大利亚东南部海岸扩展到欧洲、北美洲、南美洲和亚洲等地海岸。同时,波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用研究中也存在一些尚未解决的问题:针对不同区域的海岸沙丘动力地貌系统难以总结出一个具有普适应的理论模式;微观尺度内,已有的理论内容难以完全的揭示波浪、潮汐水动力与碎波带/海滩和风动力与海滩—沙丘地貌之间的复杂相互作用机理;中观尺度内,整个碎波带、海滩与沙丘系统对风暴的响应与反馈机理还需要进一步观测与深入研究,且建立事件尺度内的动力与地貌响应过程和中期地貌形态变化之间的联系还需要更长时期的实地观测与模型改进;宏观尺度内,海平面抬升引起海岸变化的预测模型需要多时空的实地观测数据支持与验证。未来可结合历史资料、实地观测数据、高分辨率遥感影像数据,综合分析各环境要素与碎波带、海滩、沙丘地形地貌之间的动力过程与形态响应关系,采用数值模拟技术揭示不同时空尺度的波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用关系机理,进一步完善波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用理论内容。展开更多
The newly developed Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport(COAWST) Modeling System is applied to investigate typhoon-ocean interactions in this study. The COAWST modeling system represents the state-of-the-a...The newly developed Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport(COAWST) Modeling System is applied to investigate typhoon-ocean interactions in this study. The COAWST modeling system represents the state-of-the-art numerical simulation technique comprising several coupled models to study coastal and environmental processes. The modeling system is applied to simulate Typhoon Muifa(2011), which strengthened from a tropical storm to a super typhoon in the Northwestern Pacific, to explore the heat fluxes exchanged among the processes simulated using the atmosphere model WRF, ocean model ROMS and wave model SWAN. These three models adopted the same horizontal grid. Three numerical experiments with different coupling configurations are performed in order to investigate the impact of typhoon-ocean interaction on the intensity and ocean response to typhoon. The simulated typhoon tracks and intensities agree with observations. Comparisons of the simulated variables with available atmospheric and oceanic observations show the good performance of using the coupled modeling system for simulating the ocean and atmosphere processes during a typhoon event. The fully coupled simulation that includes a ocean model identifies a decreased SST as a result of the typhoon-forced entrainment. Typhoon intensity and wind speed are reduced due to the decrease of the sea surface temperature when using a coupled ocean model. The experiments with ocean coupled to atmosphere also results in decreased sea surface heat flux and air temperature. The heat flux decreases by about 29% compared to the WRF only case. The reduction of the energy induced by SST decreases, resulting in weakening of the typhoon. Coupling of the waves to the atmosphere and ocean model induces a slight increase of SST in the typhoon center area with the ocean-atmosphere interaction increased as a result of wave feedback to atmosphere.展开更多
文摘基于Web of Science数据库搜索关键词“波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用”,筛分出与主题紧密相关的文献近百篇并对其梳理与分析,将研究阶段与理论模式进行划分,厘清当前研究存在的问题与机遇。结果发现,波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用研究自1980s以来经历了理论提出、区域拓展、深入研究3个发展阶段。理论模式从单一的概念模式发展为不同尺度概念下的相互作用理论模式,研究方法从单一的野外测绘和海图测深资料发展到野外实地观测、室内风洞试验、3S技术与数值模拟相结合的综合研究方法;研究区域,从澳大利亚东南部海岸扩展到欧洲、北美洲、南美洲和亚洲等地海岸。同时,波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用研究中也存在一些尚未解决的问题:针对不同区域的海岸沙丘动力地貌系统难以总结出一个具有普适应的理论模式;微观尺度内,已有的理论内容难以完全的揭示波浪、潮汐水动力与碎波带/海滩和风动力与海滩—沙丘地貌之间的复杂相互作用机理;中观尺度内,整个碎波带、海滩与沙丘系统对风暴的响应与反馈机理还需要进一步观测与深入研究,且建立事件尺度内的动力与地貌响应过程和中期地貌形态变化之间的联系还需要更长时期的实地观测与模型改进;宏观尺度内,海平面抬升引起海岸变化的预测模型需要多时空的实地观测数据支持与验证。未来可结合历史资料、实地观测数据、高分辨率遥感影像数据,综合分析各环境要素与碎波带、海滩、沙丘地形地貌之间的动力过程与形态响应关系,采用数值模拟技术揭示不同时空尺度的波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用关系机理,进一步完善波浪—海滩—沙丘相互作用理论内容。
基金supported by the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean 201105018the National Natural Science Foundation of China 41106023
文摘The newly developed Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport(COAWST) Modeling System is applied to investigate typhoon-ocean interactions in this study. The COAWST modeling system represents the state-of-the-art numerical simulation technique comprising several coupled models to study coastal and environmental processes. The modeling system is applied to simulate Typhoon Muifa(2011), which strengthened from a tropical storm to a super typhoon in the Northwestern Pacific, to explore the heat fluxes exchanged among the processes simulated using the atmosphere model WRF, ocean model ROMS and wave model SWAN. These three models adopted the same horizontal grid. Three numerical experiments with different coupling configurations are performed in order to investigate the impact of typhoon-ocean interaction on the intensity and ocean response to typhoon. The simulated typhoon tracks and intensities agree with observations. Comparisons of the simulated variables with available atmospheric and oceanic observations show the good performance of using the coupled modeling system for simulating the ocean and atmosphere processes during a typhoon event. The fully coupled simulation that includes a ocean model identifies a decreased SST as a result of the typhoon-forced entrainment. Typhoon intensity and wind speed are reduced due to the decrease of the sea surface temperature when using a coupled ocean model. The experiments with ocean coupled to atmosphere also results in decreased sea surface heat flux and air temperature. The heat flux decreases by about 29% compared to the WRF only case. The reduction of the energy induced by SST decreases, resulting in weakening of the typhoon. Coupling of the waves to the atmosphere and ocean model induces a slight increase of SST in the typhoon center area with the ocean-atmosphere interaction increased as a result of wave feedback to atmosphere.
