欧洲能源复兴计划CCS示范项目实施进展与启示

碳捕集与封存(Carbon Capture and Storage,CCS)作为最有前景可有效深度减排的低碳技术之一,在世界范围内受到广泛推行,特别是欧洲,其作为全球CCS技术的先行者,一直在积极推进该项技术工业化进程。2009年,欧盟委员会(European Commission,EC)启动欧洲能源复兴计划(European Energy Programme for Recovery,EEPR),正式批准资助6个全流程CCS示范项目。这6个CCS示范项目囊括了当前所有可行的CO2工业捕集技术,运输方式以及封存方法,本文将对其基本情况和最近进展进行介绍,并重点对欧盟层面的CCS法律法规与此6个项目所在欧盟成员国的CCS技术与政策环境的交互影响进行比对和分析,以进一步系统评述欧洲能源复兴计划CCS示范项目带来的积极成果,包括达成减排目标和气候政策,建立欧洲CCS示范项目网络共享平台,获得CCS技术研发突破等,同时也详细列举了这些项目目前所面临的阻碍与困境,如相关法律政策缺乏执行力,融资困难,公众接受度低,技术成本高等。最后,试探讨欧盟能源复兴计划CCS全流程示范项目实施发展现状对我国未来CCS商业化走向的思索与启示。

国外CCS技术发展与产业化的研究综述

在温室效应对全球影响日益显著的背景下,碳捕获与封存(CCS)为一种新兴且富有成效的碳减排技术,在世界范围内得到了迅速发展和广泛应用,也引起了国外学者的高度重视。本文从CCS技术的公众认知度、CCS技术发展的模拟仿真、CCS项目运营和行业应用经验研究、CCS产业化发展的障碍四个方面系统梳理和综述了国外学者关于CCS技术发展和产业化方面的研究。国外学者的研究表明,CCS技术应用前景光明;但要真正实现CCS产业化发展,也亟待突破应用成本、技术成熟度、风险管理、资金和政策支持等一系列发展障碍。

罕见Cronkhite-Canada综合征临床报道1例

1临床资料患者,男性,76岁,因＂中下腹疼痛伴解稀烂便1月余＂于2012年2月10日入院。患者自诉1月余前无明显诱因出现中下腹疼痛,呈阵发性胀痛,无放射痛,伴解稀烂黑色大便,每日5～6次,无恶心、呕吐,无反酸、嗳气,无呕血等,病后在外院诊治,症状未见好转。患者自发病以来,饮食、睡眠尚可,小便正常,体重较前减轻（约3kg）。追问病史,患者诉发病前2周有明显脱发现象,伴全身瘙痒,无皮疹,渗夜,

Reactive Transport Modeling of Long-Term CO2 Sequestration Mechanisms at the Shenhua CCS Demonstration Project,China

Carbon dioxide injection into deep saline aquifers results in a variety of strongly coupled physical and chemical processes. In this study, reactive transport simulations using a 2-D radial model were performed to investigate the fate of the injected CO2, the effect of CO2-water-rock interactions on mineral alteration, and the long-term CO2 sequestration mechanisms of the Liujiagou Formation sandstone at the Shenhua CCS（carbon capture and storage） pilot site of China. Carbon dioxide was injected at a constant rate of 0.1 Mt/year for 30 years, and the fluid flow and geochemical transport simulation was run for a period of 10 000 years by the TOUGHREACT code according to the underground conditions of the Liujiagou Formation. The results show that different trapping phases of CO2 vary with time. Sensitivity analyses indicate that plagioclase composition and chlorite presence are the most significant determinants of stable carbonate minerals and CO2 mineral trapping capacity. For arkosic arenite in the Liujiagou Formation, CO2 can be immobilized by precipitation of ankerite, magnesite, siderite, dawsonite, and calcite for different mineral compositions, with Ca（2＋）, Mg（2＋）, Fe（2＋） and Na＋ provided by dissolution of calcite, albite（or oligoclase） and chlorite. This study can provide useful insights into the geochemistry of CO2 storage in other arkosic arenite（feldspar rich sandstone） formations at other pilots or target sites.

Antioxidation effect of Carya cathayensis sarg oil

[Objective] The antioxidation effect of Carya cathayensis sarg (CCS) Oil was qualitatively and quantitatively detected. [Method] 50 male mice were divided into 5 groups equally and randomly and among them,the three groups were either negative,or model control,or positive control (ginseng saponins),respectively. Two remaining groups were orally fed with low and high dosages of CCS oil ((9 ml/(kg·d) and (33 ml/(kg·d)),respectively. All groups were injected D-galactose through hypodermic except the negative control ones which were only treated with equals amount of distilled water. The superoxide dismutase (SOD),maleic dialdehyde(MDA) and monoamine oxidase(MAO) were analyzed with blood sample and brain tissue 42 days post treatment. [Result] It was showed that the activity of SOD enzyme was increased in the CCS oil groups,while MDA and MAO content were decreased in the CCS oil groups compared with that of other groups with significance observed in the group fed with high dose of CCS oil. [Conclusion] The result indicated that the CCS oil has the ability of antioxidation and is useful to human health.

Hardware implementation of adaptive filter for noise cancellation using TMS320C6713

Daily, we experience the effects of audio noise, which contaminates the original information bearing signal with noise from its surrounding environment. This paper focuses on real-time hardware implementation of multi-tap adaptive noise cancellation （ANC） system by using the least mean square （LMS） algorithm on TMS320C6713 to remove undesired noise from a received signal for various audio related applications. Three different experiments are carried out by considering different audio inputs to test the efficiency of the designed ANC system. The ＇C＇ code implementation of LMS algorithm is introduced and simulated in code composer studio （CCS）, then realized on the digital signal processor （DSP） C6713. The 300 Hz, 500 Hz, 800 Hz, 1 kHz and 3 kHz of tone signals and male speech signal are used as the reference inputs to trace the noise of signal until it is eliminated. The performance of ANC system is studied in terms of convergence speed, order of the filter and signal-to-noise ratio （SNR）. The experimentam results demonstrate that the designed system shows a consider- able improvement in SNR.

Complete Proof Systems for Amortised Probabilistic Bisimulations

The notion of amortisation has been integrated in quantitative bisimulations to make long-term behavioral comparisons between nondeterministic systems. In this paper, we present sound and complete proof systems for amortised strong probabilistic bisimulation and its observational congruence on a process algebra with probability and nondeterminism, and prove their soundness and completeness. Our results make it possible to reason about long-term （observable） probabilistic behaviors by syntactic manipulations.