尿蛋白/肌酐比与24-h尿蛋白定量在肾小球疾病尿蛋白水平测量中的一致性评价

目的评价尿蛋白/肌酐比值(protein/creatinine ratio,PCR)与24-h尿蛋白定量(24-h urine total protein,24-h UTP)在肾小球疾病患者蛋白尿定量检测中的一致性。方法选取2024年3月至2024年7月在西安交通大学第二附属医院住院的急、慢性肾小球肾炎以及肾病综合征等肾小球疾病患者作为研究对象,收集患者的年龄、性别、原发病、尿量、血常规、肝肾功能、血脂等临床资料,并记录尿常规、晨尿PCR以及24-h UTP等数据。多元线性回归筛选可显著影响PCR和24-h UTP结果的指标,据其对患者进行分组,并应用Bland-Altman分析以及组内相关性系数(intraclass correlation efficient,ICC)分别评价各组中两种测量指标的一致性。结果本研究共纳入患者220例,其中男性129例,女性91例,平均年龄(53.21±17.68)岁,PCR与24-h UTP间存在显著正相关(Spearman相关系数为0.83,P<0.001)。多元线性回归提示,尿量及血清白蛋白(albumin,ALB)水平可影响24-h UTP结果,而PCR结果不受尿量的影响,但却受到估算肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate,eGFR)以及ALB的影响。Bland-Altman分析显示,在24-h尿量1500~2500 mL、eGFR在30~89 mL·(min·1.73 m^(2))^(-1),或者ALB≥30g/L的患者中,两个指标具有较好的一致性。应用ICC进一步对各组中两个指标的一致性进行了定量,提示血ALB水平和尿量可能是影响两个指标一致性的因素。结论尿PCR和24-h UTP两种蛋白尿检测指标尽管具有高度的相关性,但其一致性及互相可替代性则需要结合患者的尿量、血清白蛋白以及eGFR水平等来进行综合的判断。

Association between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Psychological Features of Chinese Emerging Adults

Background:Emerging adulthood is a pivotal life stage,presenting significant psychological and social changes,such as decreased sociability,depression,and other mental health problems.Previous studies have associated these changes with an unhealthy lifestyle.The 24-h movement guidelines for healthy lifestyles have been developed to promote appropriate health behaviors and improve individual wellness.However,the relationship between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and different characteristics of Chinese emerging adults is yet to be explored.This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and four characteristics(self-exploration,instability,possibilities,and responsibility)of Chinese emerging adults.Methods:Overall,1,510 Chinese emerging adults aged 18–29 years were included in this study.Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire that included questions on adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines(physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep)and the inventory of dimensions of emerging adulthood.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the associations between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and each of the four characteristics.Results:The proportion of participants who adhered to the 24-h movement guidelines was 31.72%.Multiple regression analysis revealed a significantly negative relationship between adhering to more guidelines and instability(β=−0.51,p<0.001).A statistically significant association was observed between instability and meeting only sedentary behavior(β=−1.27,95%confidence interval[CI]:[−2.32,−0.24],p=0.02),sedentary behavior+sleep(β=−1.30,95%CI:[−2.24,−0.35],p<0.01),and physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=−1.08,95%CI:[1.94,−0.21],p=0.02)guidelines.Further,positive and significant associations were observed between possibilities and meeting the guidelines for only physical activity(β=0.70,95%CI:[0.14,1.27),p=0.01),only sleep(β=0.61,95%CI:[0.01,1.21],p=0.04),physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=0.56,95%CI:[0.04,1.07),p=0.01),and physical activity+sleep(β=0.76,95%CI:[0.23,1.27],p=0.01).Conclusions:These findings suggest that adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with instability in Chinese emerging adults.Future studies are warranted to verify our findings to highlight the importance of maintaining a heath lifestyle to promote health in emerging adulthood.

高血压合并冠心病老年患者24-h动态血压监测的意义

目的通过监测高血压合并冠心病老年患者24 h动态血压,分析相关参数变化的临床意义,为临床治疗提供诊断依据。方法将试验对象分为三组:高血压合并冠心病组,86例;单纯性高血压组,127例;正常对照组,83例。应用无创动态血压监测系统记录动态血压及相关参数,并作对照分析。结果高血压合并冠心病组收缩压和舒张压比单纯性高血压患者高(P<0.05),其血压昼夜节律消失增加(P<0.05),晨峰出现频率升高(P<0.05);单纯性高血压患者昼、夜平均收缩压、平均舒张压及24小时血压负荷值均比血压正常组高(P<0.05)。结论监测和控制高血压合并冠心病老年患者的动态血压,是减少并发症危险的关键环节。

Levels and correlates of 24-hour movement behaviors among South Koreans:Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys,2014 and 2015

Purpose.This study aimed to examine the levels and correlates of 24-h movement behaviors(i.e.,physical activity,sedentary time,and sleep),and different patterns of these behaviors in a nationally representative sample of South Koreans aged 12 years and older.This study also aimed to examine the sociodemographic correlates of 24?h movement behaviors stratified by age groups.Methods.Self-reported,repeated cross-sectional data from 10,708 participants in the 2014 and 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination surveys were used.Key variables included moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity,muscular strengthening exercises,walking,active transportation,sedentary time,and sleep.Sociodemographic variables included age,sex,household income,area of residence,and education level.Descriptive statistics by sex and age as well as general linear models by age group were performed.Results.The proportions of individuals meeting the moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity,muscular strengthening exercises,and sleep guidelines were,respectively,21.6%,22.1%,and 32.5%in male youth;6.9%,4.5%,and 22.8%in female youth;55.5%,30.8%,and 54.0%in male adults;48.8%,14.4%,and 57.6%in female adults;44.0%,30.6%,and 45.5%in male older adults;and 29.5%,8.9%,and 37.3%in female older adults.The proportions of individuals showing the most ideal combinations of 24-h movement behaviors were only 3.2%in youth,0.4%in adults,and 0 in older adults.Universally,older age,female sex,or living in metro Seoul were associated with unfavorable patterns of 24-h movement behaviors across different age groups.However,the associations of income and education with movement behaviors were mixed across age groups.Conclusion.Overall,the proportion of South Koreans with a healthy 24-h movement behavior pattern is low.The sociodemographic correlates of different types of 24-h movement behaviors should be considered when designing targeted interventions for the promotion of healthy active living for South Koreans.

24-hour esophageal pH-monitoring in children suspected of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Analysis of intraesophageal pH monitoring values recorded in distal and proximal channel at diagnosis

AIM: To assess values of 24-h esophageal pH-monitoring parameters with dual-channel probe (distal and proximal channel) in children suspected of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS: 264 children suspected of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) were enrolled in a study (mean age χ = 20.78 ± 17.23 mo). The outcomes of this study, immunoallerrgological tests and positive result of oral food challenge test with a potentially noxious nutrient, enabled to qualify children into particular study groups. RESULTS: 32 (12.1%) infants (group 1) had physiological GER diagnosed. Pathological acid GER was confirmed in 138 (52.3%) children. Primary GER was diagnosed in 76 (28.8%) children (group 2) and GER secondary to allergy to cow milk protein and/or other food (CMA/FA) in 62 (23.5%) children (group 3). 32 (12.1%) of them had CMA/FA (group 4-reference group), and in remaining 62 (23.5%) children neither GER nor CMA/FA was confirmed (group 5). Mean values of pH monitoring parameters measured in distal and proximal channel were analyzed in individual groups. This analysis showed statistically significant differentiation of mean values in the case of: number of episodes of acid GER, episodes of acid GER lasting > 5 min, duration of the longest episode of acid GER in both channels, acid GER index total and supine in proximal channel. Statistically significant differences of mean values among examined groups, especially between group 2 and 3 in the case of total acid GER index (only distal channel) were confirmed. CONCLUSION: 24-h esophageal pH monitoring confirmed pathological acid GER in 52.3% of children with typical and atypical symptoms of GERD. The similar pH-monitoring values obtained in group 2 and 3 confirm the necessity of implementation of differential diagnosis for primary vs secondary cause of GER.

The correlation of spot urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio with 24-h urinary protein excretion in various glomerulopathies

BACKGROUND Proteinuria is an important and well-known biomarker of many forms of kidney injury.Its quantitation is of particular importance in the diagnosis and management of glomerular diseases.Its quantification can be done by several methods.Among these,the measurement of 24-h urinary protein excretion is the gold standard method.However,it is cumbersome,time-consuming,and inconvenient for patients and is not completely foolproof.Many alternative methods have been tested over time albeit with conflicting results.Among the latter,the measurement of urine protein-to-creatinine ratio(uPCR)in singlevoided urinary samples is widely used.The majority of studies found a good correlation between uPCR in single urine samples with 24-h urinary protein estimation,whereas others did not.AIM To investigate the correlation of spot uPCR with 24-h urinary protein estimation in patients suffering from different forms of glomerulopathies at a single largevolume nephrological center in Pakistan.METHODS This cross-sectional,observational study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology,Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation,Karachi,Pakistan from September 2017 to March 2018.All newly presenting adult patients with proteinuria who were being investigated for suspected glomerulonephritis and persistent proteinuria with ages between 18 to 60 years were enrolled.All patients were given detailed advice regarding 24-h urine collection starting at 7:00 AM for total protein and creatinine excretion estimations.A spot urine sample was collected the next day at the time of submission of a 24-h urine sample for measuring uPCR along with a blood sample.The data of patients were collected in a proforma.SPSS version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS A total of 157 patients were included.Their mean age was 30.45±12.11 years.There were 94(59.8%)males and 63(40.2%)females.The mean 24-h urinary protein excretion was 3192.78±1959.79 mg and the mean spot uPCR was 3.16±1.52 in all patients.A weak but significant correlation was observed between spot uPCR and 24-h urinary protein excretion(r=0.342,P=0.01)among all patients.On subgroup analysis,a slightly better correlation was found in patients older than 47 years(r=0.78),and those with body mass index>25 kg/m2(r=0.45).The Bland and Altman's plot analysis comparing the differences between spot uPCR and 24-h protein measurement also showed a wide range of the limits of agreement between the two methods.CONCLUSION Overall,the results from this study showed a significant and weakly positive correlation between spot uPCR and 24-h urinary protein estimation in different forms of glomerulopathies.The agreement between the two methods was also poor.Hence,there is a need for careful interpretation of the ratio in an unselected group of patients with kidney disease.

24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Association with Cardiovascular Events:A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis

Objective The relationship between sodium intake and cardiovascular(CV)events remains unconfirmed.Therefore,we carried out a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis for evaluating the potential impact of 24-hour sodium excretion on CV risk.Besides,24-hour sodium excretion was used to replace daily sodium diet intake.Methods We searched ISI Web of Science,Embase,Pub Med,and the Cochrane Library.Our study included cohort studies reporting hazard ratio(HR).The random-effects model was used for summarizing the total relative risks(RRs)between the included studies.In addition,the generalized least-squares regression was employed to fit the study model.Results A total of 9 studies involving 645,006 participants were included in this study.A significant non-linear relationship was observed between sodium excretion and CV events(P^(non-linearity)<0.001).In studies collecting 24-h urine samples,the sodium excretion and CV events risk were associated linearly(RR:1.04;95%CI:1.01,1.07).Conclusion In a linear dose-response manner,every 1 g increase in sodium intake was associated with an increased risk of CV events up to 4%.Further studies are required to validate our conclusions further.

Transcutaneous cervical esophagus ultrasound in adults: Relation with ambulatory 24-h pH-monitoring and esophageal manometry

AIM: To determine the gastroesophageal refl uxate in the cervical esophagus (CE) and measure transcutaneous cervical esophageal ultrasound (TCEUS) f indings [anterior wall thickness (WT) of CE, esophageal luminal diameter (ELD), esophageal diameter (ED)]; to compare TCEUS findings in the patient subgroups divided according to 24-h esophageal pH monitoring and manometry; and to investigate possible cut-off values according to the TCEUS f indings as a predictor of gastroesophageal refl ux (GER). METHODS: In 45/500 patients, refl uxate was visualized in TCEUS. 38/45 patients underwent esophagogastroduo denoscopy (EGD), 24-h pH monitoring and manometry. RESULTS: The 38 patients were grouped according to 24-h pH monitoring as follows: Group A: GER-positive (n = 20) [Includes Group B: isolated proximal refl ux (PR) (n = 6), Group C: isolated distal reflux (DR) (n = 6), and Group D: both PR/DR (n = 8)]; Group E: no refl ux (n = 13); and Group F: hypersensitive esophagus (HSE) (n = 5). Groups B + D indicated total PR patients (n = 14), Groups E + F refl ux-negatives with HSE (n = 18), and Groups A + F refl ux-positives with HSE (n = 25). When the 38 patients were grouped according to manometry fi ndings, 24 had normal esophageal manometry; 7 had hypotensive and 2 had hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter (LES); and 5 had ineffective esophageal motility disorder (IEM). The ELD measurement was greater in group A + F than group E (P = 0.023, 5.0 ± 1.3 vs 3.9 ± 1.4 mm). In 27/38 patients, there was at least one pathologic acid refl ux and/or pathologic manometry fi nding. The cut-off value for ELD of 4.83 mm had 79% sensitivity and 61% specificity in predicting the PRbetween Groups B + D and E (AUC = 0.775, P = 0.015). CONCLUSION: Visualizing refluxate in TCEUS was useful as a pre-diagnostic tool for estimating GER or manometric pathology in 71.1% of adults in our study, but it was not diagnostic for CE WT.

Effect of Xuesaitong Combined with Autologous Platelet-rich Gel on Blood Glucose,AT-III,TNF-αand 24-h Urinary Protein Level in Patients with Diabetic Foot

[Objectives]To investigate the clinical effect of different doses of Xuesaitong combined with autologous platelet-rich gel(APG)on patients with diabetic foot(DF).[Methods]90 patients with diabetic foot admitted to our hospital from February 2017 to February 2019 were enrolled in the study.According to the random number table method,the subjects were divided into study group A and B and control group C.Group A was given a low dose of Xuesaitong combined with APG,while group B was given high-dose Xuesaitong combined with APG and group C was treated only with APG.Patients in the three groups were observed and the changes of related indexes were detected.[Results]After treatment,with regard to the three groups,the fasting blood glucose,2-h postprandial blood glucose level,HbA1c,TNF-α,Hcy,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(Cr)and 24-h urine protein levels were all decreased,yet AT-III level was increased,and granulation tissue coverage and thickness,wound clearance rate were increased,while the repair time of ulcer surface was significantly reduced.The above indexes were all significantly different(P<0.05).Compared with the control group C,the changes of the indexes in the study group A and B were the same as above,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).Compared with the study group A,the level of AT-III in group B was significantly increased(P<0.05),while TNF-α,Hcy,BUN,Cr and 24-h urine protein levels were significantly decreased(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the other indexes between groups A and B(P>0.05).[Conclusions]Xuesaitong combined with APG could effectively reduce the blood sugar level of DF patients,improve the clinical indexes,promote wound healing,and the high-dose group had more significant advantages and was worthy of promotion.

重组腺病毒载体pDC316-hIL--24的构建及病毒滴度测定

目的构建重组腺病毒载体pDC316-hIL-24,并测定病毒滴度。方法从HEK293细胞中提取mRNA,设计特异性引物,通过RT-PCR法扩增hIL-24基因全编码区序列。将测序正确的片段用BglⅡ和HindⅢ双酶切定向插入到pDC316-EGFP穿梭质粒中。构建重组穿梭质粒pDC316-EGFP-hIL-24,在脂质体介导下与腺病毒辅助大质粒pBHGlox(delta)E1,3Cre共转染293细胞,包装产生复制缺陷型重组腺病毒pDC316-hIL-24,经HEK293细胞扩增,TCID50法测定重组腺病毒滴度。结果成功构建出表达h IL-24基因的重组腺病毒载体(pDC316-hIL-24),获得了高滴度表达hIL-24基因的重组腺病毒。结论重组腺病毒表达载体(pDC315-hIL-24)的成功构建及重组腺病毒的获得有利于进一步开展肿瘤的转基因治疗研究。

Cosinor-rhythmometry for 24-h urinary sodium,potassium,creatinine excretion in the Chinese adult population

Background:The low accuracy of equations predicting 24-h urinary sodium excretion using a single spot urine sample contributed to the misclassification of individual sodium intake levels.The application of single spot urine sample is limited by a lack of representativity of urinary sodium excretion,possibly due to the circadian rhythm in urinary excretion.This study aimed to explore the circadian rhythm,characteristics,and parameters in a healthy young adult Chinese population as a theoretical foundation for developing new approaches.Methods:Eighty-five participants(mean age 32.4 years)completed the 24-h urine ollction by sccessively cllecing each of the single-voided specimens within 24 h.The concentrations of the urinary sodium,potassium,and creatinine for cach voided specimen were measured.Cosinor analysis was applied to explore the circadian rhythm of the urinary sodium,potassium,and creatinine excretion.The excretion per hour was computed for analyzing the change over time with repeated-measures analysis of variance and a cubic spline model.Results:The metabolism of urinary sodium,potassium,and creatinine showed different patterns of circadian rhythm,although the urinary sodiurm excretion showed non-significant parameters in the cosinor model.A significant circadian rhythm of urinary creatinine excretion was observed,while the circadian rhythm of sodium was less significant than that of potassium.The circadian rhythm of urinary sodium and creatinine excretion showed synchronization to some extent,which had a nocturnal peak and fell to the lowest around noon to afternoon.In contrast,the peak of potassium was observed in the morning and dropped to the lowest point in the evening.The hourly urinary excretion followed a similar circadian rhythm.Conclusion:It is necessary to consider the circadian rhythm of urinary sodium,potassium,and creatinine excretion in adults while exploring the estimation model for 24-h urinary sodium excretion using spot urine.

骨科术后患者万古霉素AUC_(0~24h)影响因素分析及预测模型研究

目的探讨万古霉素在骨科术后患者中的24 h曲线下面积(AUC_(0~24h))的影响因素,并预测分析AUC_(0~24h)较好的药代动力学模型。方法纳入新疆医科大学第六附属医院2018年1月至2022年12月进行骨科手术并使用万古霉素的患者,收集患者的基本信息、用药情况、血常规和血生化指标,分析影响骨科术后患者万古霉素AUC_(0~24h)的因素。采用一级药代动力学公式、个体化给药辅助决策系统(JPKD)和万古霉素日剂量消除率公式计算AUC_(0~24h)。结果最终纳入91例患者,结果发现胱抑素C(OR=189.168,P=0.005)和单次剂量(OR=19.160,P<0.001)是骨科术后患者万古霉素AUC_(0~24h)的独立保护因素,视黄醇结合蛋白是万古霉素AUC_(0~24h)的独立危险因素(OR=0.910,P<0.05)。通过对骨科术后患者万古霉素AUC_(0~24h)模型预测分析,JPKD软件和万古霉素日剂量消除率公式的绝对权重偏差均低于30%,JPKD软件和万古霉素日剂量消除率公式的AUC_(0~24h)与一级药代动力学公式的AUC_(0~24h)组内相关系数分别为0.781和0.524。结论胱抑素C是影响骨科术后患者万古霉素AUC_(0~24h)的重要因素,JPKD软件较万古霉素日剂量消除率公式方法更适用于预测骨科术后万古霉素AUC_(0~24h)。

肺源性心脏病患者24h动态心电图参数与肺功能的相关性及对不良事件的预测价值

目的探究肺源性心脏病(PHD)患者动态心电图参数与肺功能的相关性及对不良事件的预测价值。方法选取PHD患者73例为观察组,并纳入同期健康志愿者42例为对照组,两组均接受24 h动态心电图和肺功能检测;比较入组时两组被检者及观察组患者治疗前、治疗后第7天时24 h动态心电图参数[24 h RR间期标准差(SDNN)、每5 min时段正常RR间期标准差(SDANN)]和肺功能指标[1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)/用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1预计百分比(FEVl%)];随访6个月,根据不良事件发生情况将观察组分为预后良好组和预后不良组,比较两组患者临床特征,分析24 h动态心电图参数与肺功能的相关性及其对PHD不良事件的预测价值。结果观察组入院后SDNN、SDANN、FEV1/FVC、FEVl%低于对照组(P<0.05),73例PHD患者在治疗后第7天时的SDNN、SDANN、FEV1/FVC、FEVl%较治疗前升高(P<0.05);随访6个月,73例PHD患者中有32例出现不良事件,预后不良组急性加重期占比、平均病程均高于预后良好组(P<0.05),预后不良组治疗前、治疗后第7天时SDNN、SDANN、FEV1/FVC、FEVl%均低于预后良好组(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析结果显示,治疗前及治疗后第7天时SDNN、SDANN均与治疗前及治疗后第7天时FEV1/FVC、FEVl%呈正相关(P<0.05);ROC分析结果显示,PHD患者发生不良事件的治疗前、治疗后第7天时SDNN、SDANN的cut-off值分别为72 ms、55 ms、92 ms、91ms,AUC范围在0.702~0.813(P<0.05)。结论PHD患者治疗前及治疗后7 d的SDNN、SDANN与肺功能呈正相关,24 h动态心电图参数对PHD不良事件的具有一定的预测价值。

亚硝酸盐对焦酚红法检测24 h尿液总蛋白的干扰分析

目的探讨亚硝酸盐对于焦酚红法检测24 h尿液总蛋白的干扰效应,并评估维生素C纠正干扰的可行性。方法根据美国临床和实验室标准协会(CLSI)EP7-A3文件,选取24 h尿液总蛋白定量结果为150 mg/L、500 mg/L和1000 mg/L的新鲜尿液标本作为对照样本,并配制含不同浓度亚硝酸钠的干扰物样本。利用配对差异实验确认亚硝酸盐的干扰作用,并通过剂量效应实验明确亚硝酸盐浓度与干扰程度的关系。在终浓度为200μg/mL亚硝酸钠存在的情况下,评估不同浓度维生素C纠正干扰的效果。同时收集61例亚硝酸盐阳性和40例亚硝酸盐阴性的临床标本,比较两组标本维生素C纠正前后的相对差值,评估其临床应用价值。结果配对差异实验中200μg/mL亚硝酸钠对150 mg/L和500 mg/L两个浓度的尿总蛋白测定分别存在-157.8%和-36.2%的相对干扰,显著大于1/2TEa(22%),而对于高浓度1000 mg/L的尿总蛋白虽存在-20.5%的负干扰,但在可接受范围内。剂量效应实验结果显示随着尿液中亚硝酸盐浓度的增加,尿总蛋白检测所受负干扰作用亦逐渐增大。在终浓度为200μg/mL亚硝酸钠存在的情况下,添加0.2 mg/mL的维生素C可分别将150 mg/L和500 mg/L的尿总蛋白纠正至148 mg/L(-1.1%)和402 mg/L(-19.5%),均处于可接受范围内。临床标本中亚硝酸盐阳性组通过维生素C纠正产生的相对差值显著高于亚硝酸盐阴性组(P<0.01)。结论亚硝酸盐对于焦酚红法检测尿液总蛋白存在负干扰,尤其是在尿总蛋白150 mg/L情况下,需引起临床实验室的关注。添加0.2 mg/mL维生素C可有效纠正低浓度尿总蛋白标本中亚硝酸盐的干扰作用,具有一定的临床应用价值。

原发性痛风患者24 h尿液离子含量及其与肾结石的关系

目的 探讨原发性痛风患者24 h尿液离子含量及其与肾结石的关系。方法 研究方法为回顾性分析,观察对象为2021年1月至2023年1月广安市人民医院入院的200例原发性痛风患者。超声检查显示,200例原发性痛风患者中122存在肾结石(肾结石阳性组),78例无肾结石(肾结石阴性组);160例存在下肢关节尿酸盐晶体沉积;DECT确诊68例尿酸盐结石(DECT阳性组),132例无肾结石(DECT阴性组)。比较肾结石阳性组与肾结石阴性组,DECT阳性组与DECT阴性组的临床资料与超声影像资料,对尿液离子含量与肾结石之间的相关性及肾结石形成危险因素予以分析;同时,将双能CT(DECT)影像结果作为肾尿酸盐结石诊断金标准,分析尿液离子含量对痛风伴发肾尿酸盐结石的诊断价值。结果 肾结石阳性组的痛风病程为(83.91±30.53)个月,明显长于肾结石阴性组[(48.64±26.52)个月],24 h尿草酸总量为(28.54±20.63) mg/24 h,明显高于肾结石阴性组[(20.09±9.74) mg/24 h],24 h尿枸橼酸总量为(355.63±219.52)mg/24 h,明显低于肾结石阴性组[(506.24±315.32) mg/24 h],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。DECT阳性组患者痛风病程为(108.23±72.14)个月,明显长于DECT阴性组[(49.05±28.31)个月],血尿酸、24 h尿草酸总量、24 h尿尿酸总量分别为(522.98±109.14)μmol/L、(28.47±10.71) mg/24 h、(1 684.11±811.08) mmol/24 h,均明显高于DECT阴性组[(479.36±103.32)μmol/L、(23.54±10.82) mg/24 h、(1 517.81±886.53) mmol/24 h],24 h尿枸橼酸总量为(391.63±261.14) mg/24 h,明显低于DECT无阴性组[(555.91±316.24) mg/24 h],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。痛风伴发肾尿酸盐结石诊断中24 h尿尿酸总量的ROC曲线下面积为0.202,无预测价值;24 h尿枸橼酸总量的ROC曲线下面积为0.672(95%CI:0.558~0.782),最佳预测值为272.5 mg(敏感度为0.938,特异度为0.518);24 h尿草酸的ROC曲线下面积为0.621(95%CI:0.512~0.730),最佳预测值为13.2 mg(敏感度为0.98,特异度为0.73)。Logistic回归分析显示,原发性痛风患者超声检查发现肾结石危险因素主要有低24 h尿枸橼酸总量、高血尿酸及长痛风病程(P<0.05);原发性痛风患者肾尿酸盐结石危险因素主要有低24 h尿枸橼酸总量、高血肌酐及长痛风病程(P<0.05)。结论 原发性痛风患者伴发肾尿酸盐结石时具有24 h尿草酸总量高、24 h尿枸橼酸总量低的特点;24 h尿草酸总量、24 h尿枸橼酸总量对痛风伴发肾尿酸盐结石具有较好的诊断价值。低24 h尿枸橼酸总量、长痛风病程是原发性痛风患者发生肾结石的重要危险因素。

老年人群24h动态血压监测中清晨高血压与脑血管储备功能相关性

目的研究老年人群24 h动态血压监测中清晨高血压与脑血管储备功能(CVR)的相关性。方法回顾性选取2021年1月至12月到济南市妇幼保健院行24 h动态血压监测的300例老年受试者,依据监测结果分为A组、B组和C组。A组158例为清晨血压升高的高血压患者,男88例,女70例,年龄(66.02±4.35)岁;B组74例为清晨血压正常的高血压患者,男41例,女33例,年龄(65.42±4.42)岁;C组68例为血压正常者,男37例,女31例,年龄(65.77±4.38)岁。以两侧大脑中动脉屏气指数均值<0.69%为CVR减低,屏气指数均值≥0.69%为CVR正常,将300例受试者分为CVR降低组(52例)和CVR正常组(248例)。比较A、B、C 3组患者的临床资料,CVR指标;比较CVR降低组、CVR正常组一般资料,行单因素分析、多因素分析和相关性分析。采用F检验、独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验、logistic回归分析和Pearson相关性分析。结果300例24 h动态血压监测的老年受试者,清晨血压升高的高血压患者158例,占52.67%;清晨血压正常的高血压患者74例,占24.67%;血压正常者68例,占22.67%。3组收缩压(24 h均值、日间均值、夜间均值)、晨峰指数:A组>B组>C组(均P<0.05);舒张压(24 h均值、日间均值、夜间均值):A组>B组、C组(均P<0.05),B组、C组舒张压比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。CVR:A组[(21.37±7.89)%]<B组[(25.58±8.14)%]<C组[(28.56±8.10)%](均P<0.05);屏气指数:A组[(0.89±0.23)%]<B组[(1.13±0.21)%]、C组[(1.20±0.24)%](均P<0.05),B组、C组屏气指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脉动指数:A组[(1.49±0.36)]>B组[(1.15±0.31)]、C组[(1.06±0.29)](均P<0.05),B组、C组脉动指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CVR降低组年龄[(73.14±3.21)岁]、清晨收缩压[(132.42±9.64)mmHg](1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、清晨舒张压[(68.85±6.59)mmHg]均高于CVR正常组[(64.28±4.36)岁、(121.58±7.26)mmHg、(65.36±7.23)mmHg](均P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄、清晨收缩压、清晨舒张压均为CVR降低的影响因素(均P<0.05)。清晨收缩压与屏气指数呈负相关(P<0.05),与脉动指数呈正相关(P<0.05);清晨舒张压与屏气指数呈负相关(P<0.05),与脉动指数呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论老年人群24 h动态血压监测中清晨高血压患者占比较大,清晨高血压患者CVR、屏气指数较低,脉动指数较高,清晨收缩压、清晨舒张压均与屏气指数呈负相关,与脉动指数呈正相关。

基于等时替代模型的大学生24h活动行为与健康体适能的关系

[目的]运用成分等时替代模型探索在校大学生24 h活动行为与健康体适能之间的关系,为改善大学生人群的体质健康水平提供参考.[方法]选取天津某高校223名在校学生为研究对象.使用三维加速度计(ActiGraph GT3X+)记录学生每天24 h活动行为,包括中高强度身体活动(MVPA)、低强度身体活动(LPA)、久坐时间(SB)和睡眠(SLP)时间.使用成分分析方法分析探讨各成分与健康体适能的关系,并以15 min建立等时替代模型预测各活动行为替代后对结局变量产生的影响.[结果]仅MVPA与其他行为之间的替代与反替代均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中MVPA和SB相互替代时变化幅度最大;LPA替代SB时,BMI指数、握力和坐位体前屈均显著升高,反之仅握力显著下降;LPA替代SLP时,BMI指数显著上升,反之显著下降;SLP替代SB时,BMI指数和腰围显著下降,反之均显著升高,并且升高的幅度更明显.[结论]MVPA是影响大学生群体体质健康发展的主要因素,在保证适度睡眠的同时,将SB转化为MVPA可能更有意义.

腺苷负荷CT心肌灌注扫描、24h动态心电图联合检查在冠心病心肌缺血诊断中的效能

目的:观察腺苷负荷CT心肌灌注扫描、24h动态心电图联合检查在冠心病心肌缺血诊断中的效能。方法:选取2020年12月至2022年12月该院收治的80例疑似冠心病心肌缺血患者进行前瞻性研究,所有患者均接受24h动态心电图和腺苷负荷CT心肌灌注扫描检查,以核素心肌灌注显像检查诊断结果为金标准,比较腺苷负荷CT心肌灌注扫描、24h动态心电图单项及联合检查诊断冠心病心肌缺血的效能。结果:核素心肌灌注显像检查结果显示,阳性52例,阴性28例。24h动态心电图检查结果显示,阳性46例,阴性34例;腺苷负荷CT心肌灌注扫描检查结果显示,阳性46例,阴性34例;联合检查结果显示,阳性51例,阴性29例。腺苷负荷CT心肌灌注扫描、24h动态心电图联合检查诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值均高于二者单项检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腺苷负荷CT心肌灌注扫描、24h动态心电图联合检查诊断冠心病心肌缺血的效能高于二者单项检查。

高分辨率食管测压联合24h食管阻抗-pH监测对胃食管反流病病情程度的诊断价值

目的:分析高分辨率食管测压(HRM)联合24 h食管阻抗-pH监测对胃食管反流病(GERD)病情程度的诊断价值。方法:选取2020年8月至2023年7月我院确诊GERD的182例患者为研究对象,依据DeMeester积分分为轻度组(≤50分)、中度组(51~100分)、重度组(>100分),比较HRM指标与24h阻抗-pH监测指标,分析这些指标与GERD病情程度的相关性及其诊断价值。结果:3组腹段食管下括约肌(LES)长度比较,轻度组>中度组>重度组(P<0.05);3组气体反流次数、平均酸清除时间、酸反流次数比较,轻度组<中度组<重度组(P<0.05);GERD病情程度与腹部LES长度呈负相关,与气体反流次数、平均酸清除时间、酸反流次数呈正相关(P<0.05)。气体反流次数、平均酸清除时间、酸反流次数、腹部LES长度单独诊断GERD的ROC曲线下面积均小于HRM与24h阻抗-pH监测联合诊断(P<0.05)。结论:HRM联合24h阻抗-pH监测GERD,可有效判断GERD病情程度,有助于临床制定针对性治疗方案。

2型糖尿病患者24 h尿钠排泄及IL-18水平与尿白蛋白的相关性研究

目的以24 h尿钠排泄水平(24 h UNa)作为钠摄入量评估指标,评估不同钠盐的摄入水平与血清炎症因子对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者尿白蛋白(UA)发生风险的影响。方法纳入T2DM患者130例,依据尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(UACR)水平分为UA阳性组60例和UA阴性组70例。收集患者的临床资料,检测炎性因子及24 h尿液相关指标。采用Spearman相关分析T2DM患者临床指标与UACR的相关性;二元Logistic回归分析T2DM患者临床指标对UA的影响;二分类回归法分析24 h UNa和IL-18关联对UA的影响。结果24 h UNa水平(OR=1.019,95%CI 1.003~1.035,P=0.017)与IL-18(OR=1.204,95%CI 1.060~1.368,P=0.004)是T2DM患者UA阳性的独立危险因素。联合分析提示,与低钠低IL-18组比较,高钠高IL-18组UA阳性风险显著增加(OR=10.774,95%CI 2.105~55.155,P=0.004)。结论24 h UNa、IL-18水平升高是T2DM患者UA发生的危险因素。