A Priori and A Posteriori Error Estimates of Streamline Diffusion Finite Element Method for Optimal Control Problem Governed by Convection Dominated Diffusion Equation

In this paper,we investigate a streamline diffusion finite element approxi- mation scheme for the constrained optimal control problem governed by linear con- vection dominated diffusion equations.We prove the existence and uniqueness of the discretized scheme.Then a priori and a posteriori error estimates are derived for the state,the co-state and the control.Three numerical examples are presented to illustrate our theoretical results.

AN ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR AND A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATES FOR THE GENERALIZED SCHWARTZ METHOD OF ADVECTION-DIFFUSION EQUATION

In this paper, a posteriori error estimates for the generalized Schwartz method with Dirichlet boundary conditions on the interfaces for advection-diffusion equation with second order boundary value problems are proved by using the Euler time scheme combined with Galerkin spatial method. Furthermore, an asymptotic behavior in Sobolev norm is de- duced using Benssoussau-Lions＇ algorithm. Finally, the results of some numerical experiments are presented to support the theory.

RESIDUAL A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATE TWO-GRID METHODS FOR THE STEADY (NAVIER-STOKES) EQUATION WITH STREAM FUNCTION FORM

Residual based on a posteriori error estimates for conforming finite element solutions of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with stream function form which were computed with seven recently proposed two-level method were derived. The posteriori error estimates contained additional terms in comparison to the error estimates for the solution obtained by the standard finite element method. The importance of these additional terms in the error estimates was investigated by studying their asymptotic behavior. For optimal scaled meshes, these bounds are not of higher order than of convergence of discrete solution.

Residual-type a posteriori error estimate for parabolic obstacle problems

In this paper, a posteriori error estimates were derived for piecewise linear finite element approximations to parabolic obstacle problems. The instrumental ingredient was introduced as a new interpolation operator which has optimal approximation properties and preserves positivity. With the help of the interpolation operator the upper and lower bounds were obtained.

A Posteriori Error Estimates for Finite Element Methods for Systems of Nonlinear,Dispersive Equations

The present study regards the numerical approximation of solutions of systems of Korteweg-de Vries type,coupled through their nonlinear terms.In our previous work[9],we constructed conservative and dissipative finite element methods for these systems and presented a priori error estimates for the semidiscrete schemes.In this sequel,we present a posteriori error estimates for the semidiscrete and fully discrete approximations introduced in[9].The key tool employed to effect our analysis is the dispersive reconstruction devel-oped by Karakashian and Makridakis[20]for related discontinuous Galerkin methods.We conclude by providing a set of numerical experiments designed to validate the a posteriori theory and explore the effectivity of the resulting error indicators.

A posteriori error estimates of spectral method for optimal control problems governed by parabolic equations

In this paper,we investigate the Legendre Galerkin spectral approximation of quadratic optimal control problems governed by parabolic equations.A spectral approximation scheme for the parabolic optimal control problem is presented.We obtain a posteriori error estimates of the approximated solutions for both the state and the control.

A UNIFIED A POSTERIORI ERROR ANALYSIS FOR DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN APPROXIMATIONS OF REACTIVE TRANSPORT EQUATIONS

Four primal discontinuous Galerkin methods are applied to solve reactive transport problems, namely, Oden-BabuSka-Baumann DG （OBB-DG）, non-symmetric interior penalty Galerkin （NIPG）, symmetric interior penalty Galerkin （SIPG）, and incomplete interior penalty Galerkin （IIPG）. A unified a posteriori residual-type error estimation is derived explicitly for these methods. From the computed solution and given data, explicit estimators can be computed efficiently and directly, which can be used as error indicators for adaptation. Unlike in the reference [10], we obtain the error estimators in L^2 （L^2） norm by using duality techniques instead of in L^2（H^1） norm.

Residual-based a posteriori error estimates of nonconforming finite element method for elliptic problems with Dirac delta source terms

Two residual-based a posteriori error estimators of the nonconforming Crouzeix-Raviart element are derived for elliptic problems with Dirac delta source terms.One estimator is shown to be reliable and efficient,which yields global upper and lower bounds for the error in piecewise W1,p seminorm.The other one is proved to give a global upper bound of the error in Lp-norm.By taking the two estimators as refinement indicators,adaptive algorithms are suggested,which are experimentally shown to attain optimal convergence orders.

A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATES FOR FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATIONS OF THE CAHN-HILLIARD EQUATION AND THE HELE-SHAW FLOW

This paper develops a posteriori error estimates of residual type for conforming and mixed finite element approximations of the fourth order Cahn-Hilliard equation ut ＋ △（ε△Au-ε^-1f（u）） = 0. It is shown that the a posteriori error bounds depends on ε^-1 only in some low polynomial order, instead of exponential order. Using these a posteriori error estimates, we construct at2 adaptive algorithm for computing the solution of the Cahn- Hilliard equation and its sharp interface limit, the Hele-Shaw flow. Numerical experiments are presented to show the robustness and effectiveness of the new error estimators and the proposed adaptive algorithm.

A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATE FOR BOUNDARY CONTROL PROBLEMS GOVERNED BY THE PARABOLIC PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

In this paper, we discuss the a posteriori error estimate of the finite element approximation for the boundary control problems governed by the parabolic partial differential equations. Three different a posteriori error estimators are provided for the parabolic boundary control problems with the observations of the distributed state, the boundary state and the final state. It is proven that these estimators are reliable bounds of the finite element approximation errors, which can be used as the indicators of the mesh refinement in adaptive finite element methods.

ON RESIDUAL-BASED A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATORS FOR LOWEST-ORDER RAVIART-THOMAS ELEMENT APPROXIMATION TO CONVECTION-DIFFUSION-REACTION EQUATIONS

A new technique of residual-type a posteriori error analysis is developed for the lowest- order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element discretizations of convection-diffusion-reaction equations in two- or three-dimension. Both centered mixed scheme and upwind-weighted mixed scheme are considered. The a posteriori error estimators, derived for the stress variable error plus scalar displacement error in L_2-norm, can be directly computed with the solutions of the mixed schemes without any additional cost, and are proven to be reliable. Local efficiency dependent on local variations in coefficients is obtained without any saturation assumption, and holds from the cases where convection or reaction is not present to convection- or reaction-dominated problems. The main tools of the analysis are the postprocessed approximation of scalar displacement, abstract error estimates, and the property of modified Oswald interpolation. Numerical experiments are carried out to support our theoretical results and to show the competitive behavior of the proposed posteriori error estimates.

SUPERCONVERGENCE AND A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATES FOR BOUNDARY CONTROL GOVERNED BY STOKES EQUATIONS

In this paper, the superconvergence results are derived for a class of boundary control problems governed by Stokes equations. We derive superconvergence results for both the control and the state approximation. Base on superconvergence results, we obtain asymptotically exact a posteriori error estimates.

RESIDUAL A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATE OF A NEW TWO-LEVEL METHOD FOR STEADY NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

Residual-based a posteriori error estimate for conforming finite element solutions of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, which is computed with a new two-level method that is different from Volker John, is derived. A posteriori error estimate contains additional terms in comparison to the estimate for the solution obtained by the standard finite element method. The importance of the additional terms in the error estimates is investigated by studying their asymptotic behavior. For optimal scaled meshes, these bounds are not of higher order than the convergence of discrete solution. The two-level method aims to solve the nonlinear problem on a coarse grid with less computational work, then to solve the linear problem on a fine grid, which is superior to the usual finite element method solving a similar nonlinear problem on the fine grid.

Recovery Type A Posteriori Error Estimates of Fully Discrete Finite Element Methods for General Convex Parabolic Optimal Control Problems

This paper is concerned with recovery type a posteriori error estimates of fully discrete finite element approximation for general convex parabolic optimal control problems with pointwise control constraints.The time discretization is based on the backward Euler method.The state and the adjoint state are approximated by piecewise linear functions and the control is approximated by piecewise constant functions.We derive the superconvergence properties of finite element solutions.By using the superconvergence results,we obtain recovery type a posteriori error estimates.Some numerical examples are presented to verify the theoretical results.

A POSTERIORI ERROR ANALYSIS OF NONCONFORMING METHODS FOR THE EIGENVALUE PROBLEM

This paper extends the unifying theory for a posteriori error analysis of the nonconformingfinite element methods to the second order elliptic eigenvalue problem.In particular,the authorproposes the a posteriori error estimator for nonconforming methods of the eigenvalue problems andprove its reliability and efficiency based on two assumptions concerning both the weak continuity andthe weak orthogonality of the nonconforming finite element spaces,respectively.In addition,the authorexamines these two assumptions for those nonconforming methods checked in literature for the Laplace,Stokes,and the linear elasticity problems.

A Posteriori Error Estimates for Conservative Local Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for the Generalized Korteweg-de Vries Equation

We construct and analyze conservative local discontinuous Galerkin(LDG)methods for the Generalized Korteweg-de-Vries equation.LDG methods are designed by writing the equation as a system and performing separate approximations to the spatial derivatives.The main focus is on the development of conservative methods which can preserve discrete versions of the first two invariants of the continuous solution,and a posteriori error estimates for a fully discrete approximation that is based on the idea of dispersive reconstruction.Numerical experiments are provided to verify the theoretical estimates.

A Posteriori Error Estimates of the Galerkin Spectral Methods for Space-Time Fractional Diffusion Equations

In this paper,an initial boundary value problem of the space-time fractional diffusion equation is studied.Both temporal and spatial directions for this equation are discreted by the Galerkin spectral methods.And then based on the discretization scheme,reliable a posteriori error estimates for the spectral approximation are derived.Some numerical examples are presented to verify the validity and applicability of the derived a posteriori error estimator.

A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATE OF OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEM OF PDE WITH INTEGRAL CONSTRAINT FOR STATE

In this paper, we study adaptive finite element discretization schemes for an optimal control problem governed by elliptic PDE with an integral constraint for the state. We derive the equivalent a posteriori error estimator for the finite element approximation, which particularly suits adaptive multi-meshes to capture different singularities of the control and the state. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of a posteriori error estimator and to confirm the theoretical results.

A POSTERIORI ERROR ANALYSIS FOR A FULLY DISCRETE DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN APPROXIMATION TO A KIND OF REACTIVE TRANSPORT PROBLEMS

In order to obtain an expected numerical solution, a fully discrete discontinuous Galerkin method is applied to a kind of reactive transport problems in two dimension. That is to say, the space variable is discretized with the symmetric interior penalty Calerkin method （SIPG）, and the time variable is done with the backward Euler method. Making use of the duality technique, hp approximation properties and the interpolation theory, a residual-type a posteriori error estimation is achieved, which can be used for adaptivity. Compared with the analyses of semi-discretization, the current presentation is more challenging and more significant.

OPTIMAL A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATES OF THE LOCAL DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHOD FOR CONVECTION- DIFFUSION PROBLEMS IN ONE SPACE DIMENSION

In this paper, we derive optimal order a posteriori error estimates for the local dis- continuous Galerkin （LDC） method for linear convection-diffusion problems in one space dimension. One of the key ingredients in our analysis is the recent optimal superconver- gence result in [Y. Yang and C.-W. Shu, J. Comp. Math., 33 （2015）, pp. 323-340]. We first prove that the LDG solution and its spatial derivative, respectively, converge in the L2-norm to （p ＋ 1）-degree right and left Radau interpolating polynomials under mesh re- finement. The order of convergence is proved to be p ＋ 2, when piecewise polynomials of degree at most p are used. These results are used to show that the leading error terms on each element for the solution and its derivative are proportional to （p ＋ 1）-degree right and left Radau polynomials. We further prove that, for smooth solutions, the a posteriori LDG error estimates, which were constructed by the author in an earlier paper, converge, at a fixed time, to the true spatial errors in the L2-norm at （.9（hp＋2） rate. Finally, we prove that the global effectivity indices in the L2-norm converge to unity at （9（h） rate. These results improve upon our previously published work in which the order of convergence for the a posteriori error estimates and the global effectivity index are proved to be p＋3/2 and 1/2, respectively. Our proofs are valid for arbitrary regular meshes using PP polynomials with p ≥ 1. Several numerical experiments are performed to validate the theoretical results.