How to Predict AGEs Accumulation Slowdown Effect of a Cosmetic Ingredient? Two Steps <i>In-Vitro</i>System for Evaluating the Anti-AGE Impact of a New Blend

Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs), play a crucial part in advancing the process of cellular skin aging and its link to chronological age was re-assessed. AGEs accumulation alters cell structure and function of most types of skin cells, affecting skin’s mechanical and physiological properties, following the molecular transformations. Slowdown AGEs accumulation rate in skin, although a potent anti-aging strategy, is difficult and tricky. The lack of working methods for In-Vitro and In-Vitro measuring AGEs level complicates the evaluation and prediction of active ingredients’ ability to affect cellular AGEs accumulation. A two-step In-Vitro systematic screening method is proposed and three different cosmetic active ingredients were selected for its demonstration, using BSA-Glucose and Collagen-Glucose predicting models. Candidates’ effects on AGEs accumulation were evaluated as standalone, and when formulated in a blend. Additionally, the potency of non-invasive auto-fluorescence in-vivo measurement to detect AGEs levels among subjects of different ages was demonstrated. The results are presented in this work and the potential contribution of the proposed system to assist the desired inhibition of AGEs accumulation in skin is discussed.

Burial History and Petroleum Entrapment in the Yaoyingtai Region of the Changling Fault Depression, China

This work aims to reconstruct the burial history of various kinds of sandstones penetrated by the well YS201 in the Yaoyingtai region of the Changling Fault Depression, southern Songliao Basin, China. Analyses of fluid inclusions in the reservoir rocks, combined with a review of the regional tectonic evolution, revealed the hydrocarbon accumulation stage and accumulation age of the Early Cretaceous Denglouku group and the first member of the Quantou group reservoir, which are the future exploration focus for deep gas reservoirs in this region. Acoustic time data and sedimentary rates calculated for sediments in the YS201 well yielded thicknesses for the Yingcheng, Nenjiang, and Mingshui groups of 506, 539.18, and 144.85 m, respectively, thereby revealing the burial history of the sediments in the well. Fluid inclusions of the Denglouku group reservoir and the first member of the Quantou group reservoir contain oil inclusions and hydro-carbonaceous salt water inclusions. The main peaks of the homogenization temperature and salinity of these saltwater inclusions in the first member of the Quantou group reservoir are generally 110-120℃ and 6wt%-8wt%, respectively, and for the Denglouku group are 130-140oc and 4wt%-6wt%. The data for both reservoirs show only one main peak, indicating that they both have experienced single-stage accumulation. Combining the homogenization temperature of the reservoir fluid inclusions with the burial and thermal history of the sediments in the YS201 well, we infer that the hydrocarbon gas in these two intervals accumulated at 79 Ma （middle Late Cretaceous）.