Background: This study investigated the effect of flight transport stress on beagles' routine blood indexes and biochemical parameters and evaluated the anti-stress effect of dangshen(Codonopsis pilosula).Methods:...Background: This study investigated the effect of flight transport stress on beagles' routine blood indexes and biochemical parameters and evaluated the anti-stress effect of dangshen(Codonopsis pilosula).Methods: We selected 12 beagles and divided them into two groups. One group was treated with dangshen decoction two hours before the flight, and the other group was untreated. Their routine blood indexes and clinical biochemical parameters were tested and analyzed before transport, after unloading and after adaptation for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days after administering dangshen.Results: We found that flight transportation stress adversely influenced many of the beagles' routine blood indexes. These recovered during adaptation, with dangshen administration assisting recovery of most indexes. Flight transport stress also adversely influenced biochemical indexes in the beagles. Again these recovered during adaptation, and dangshen aided in the recovery.Conclusion: Thus, we found that flight transport adversely affected the beagles' blood indexes, and dangshen reversed the damage from transport stress.展开更多
The stress response, caused by postoperative pain, may have adverse effects on physiological functions of bodies. And, it has been a research priority in veterinary anesthesia that is a method of minimizing the postop...The stress response, caused by postoperative pain, may have adverse effects on physiological functions of bodies. And, it has been a research priority in veterinary anesthesia that is a method of minimizing the postoperative stress response. The paper aimed to explore the protective effect of dexmedetomidine on stress induced by surgical trauma by studying the effect of dexmedetomidine on the blood glucose, serum cortisol （Cor） and adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH） levels in the model of canine stress induced by surgical trauma. Therefore, 32 local healthy female dogs with similar physical conditions, aged from 11.3±2.4 months and meanbody mass （±SD） （7.7±2.2） kg, were randomly divided into four groups： control group DZ （10 min after administration of intramuscular injection of 2 mL normal saline）, group SQY （10 min before administration of intramuscular injection of 20 μg ？ kg-1 dexmedetomidine）, group SHY （10 min after administration of intramuscular injection of 20 μg ？ kg-1 dexmedetomidine） and group DLD （10 min after administration of intramuscular injection of 0.1 mL ？ kg-1 tilidine）. The corresponding drug was sucked out and diluted to 2 mL by saline. The four groups were all excised the uterus and ovaries and established surgical trauma stress model, then given the prescribed dose of the drug on the day of operation, the next day and the 3rd day. Besides, the dogs should be fasted during the days of drug administration. Blood samples were separated and taken to measure, blood glucose, serum Cor and ACTH concentration. The concentration of blood glucose was significantly lower in group SHY than that in group DZ on the day of surgery and the day after surgery （p〈0.05）, besides, it was not obviously different from other two groups. While, the concentration of Cor in group SHY had no significant differences from other three groups （p〉0.05） and was closer to the preoperative values; ACTH concentration in group SHY was significantly different from other three groups on the day of operation （p〈0.05）, and there existed significant difference （p〈0.05） with group DZ on the 2nd day after the operation. The results of analyses showed that 20 μg ？ kg-1dexmedetomidine could decrease the levels of Cor and ACTH in dog serum after operation, which played the role of anti-stress response stimulated by operations.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway and anti-stress response of hepatocytes after liver transplantation. METHODS: Ten normal liver specimens and 18 punctured do...OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway and anti-stress response of hepatocytes after liver transplantation. METHODS: Ten normal liver specimens and 18 punctured donor liver specimens were divided into 3 groups: A (control: 10), B (no rejection: 10) and C (acute rejection:8). MAPK, Ras, Jun and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were tested immunohistochemically while Ras and HSP70 were tested by in situ hybridization. All sections were subjected to image analysis. RESULTS: Protein expressions of MAPK, Ras and Jun were increased by an ascending order of groups A, B and C. The protein expression of HSP70 was the highest in group B but lower in group C. Expressions of Ras and HSP7O mRNA were consistent with those of protein. CONCLUSIONS: The changes of the MAPK cascade pathway and anti-stress response of hepatocytes after liver transplantation are one of regulation mechanisms for protecting the hepatocytes from damage after liver transplantation. This mechanism is active to support individual survival.展开更多
In swine production,stress is a common encounter that leads to serious bacterial infection and adverse effects on growth performance.Though antibiotics have been frequently used to control pathogen spread,sustained ne...In swine production,stress is a common encounter that leads to serious bacterial infection and adverse effects on growth performance.Though antibiotics have been frequently used to control pathogen spread,sustained negative impacts from antibiotics have been found to affect intestinal integrity and the immune system.Multiple nutritional strategies have shown potential to counteract stress and replace antibiotics,including functional amino acids,low protein diet,plant extracts,organic acids,prebiotics,probiotics,minerals and vitamins.These additives relieve the stress response in swine via different mechanisms and signal transduction pathways.Based on the overview of signaling pathways and stress models,this review highlights the potential of nutritional strategies in swine for preventing or treating stress-related health problems.For wider application in the pig industry,the dose ranges measured require for further validation in different physiological contexts and formulations.In the future,micro-fluid devices and novel stress models are expected to enhance the efficiency of screening for new anti-stress candidates.展开更多
Background The benefits of combining benzoic acid and essential oils(BAO)to mitigate intestinal impairment during the weaning process have been well established,while the detailed underlying mechanism has not been ful...Background The benefits of combining benzoic acid and essential oils(BAO)to mitigate intestinal impairment during the weaning process have been well established,while the detailed underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated.Previous research has primarily focused on the reparative effects of BAO on intestinal injury,while neglecting its potential in enhancing intestinal stress resistance.Methods In this study,we investigated the pre-protective effect of BAO against LPS-induced stress using a modified experimental procedure.Piglets were pre-supplemented with BAO for 14 d,followed by a challenge with LPS or saline to collect blood and intestinal samples.Results Our findings demonstrated that BAO supplementation led to significant improvements in piglets’final weight,average daily gain,and feed intake/body gain ratio.Additionally,BAO supplementation positively influenced the composition of intestinal microbiota,increasing beneficial Actinobacteriota and Alloprevotella while reducing harmful Desulfobacterota,Prevotella and Oscillospira.Furthermore,BAO supplementation effectively mitigated oxidative disturbances and inflammatory responses induced by acute LPS challenge.This was evidenced by elevated levels of T-AOC,SOD,and GSH,as well as decreased levels of MDA,TNF-α,and IL-6 in the plasma.Moreover,piglets subjected to LPS challenge and pre-supplemented with BAO exhibited significant improvements in intestinal morphological structure and enhanced integrity,as indicated by restored expression levels of Occludin and Claudin-1 compared to the non-supplemented counterparts.Further analysis revealed that BAO supplementation enhanced the jejunal antioxidative capacity by increasing GSH-Px levels and decreasing MDA levels under the LPS challenge and stimulated the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.Additionally,the reduction of TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways activation and proinflammatory factor were also observed in the jejunal of those piglets fed with BAO.Conclusions In summary,our study demonstrates that pre-supplementation of BAO enhances the anti-stress capacity of weaned piglets by improving intestinal microbiota composition,reinforcing the intestinal barrier,and enhancing antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capabilities.These effects are closely associated with the activation of Nrf2 and TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.展开更多
基金Guangdong Science and Technology Department,Grant/Award Number:2015A030302073
文摘Background: This study investigated the effect of flight transport stress on beagles' routine blood indexes and biochemical parameters and evaluated the anti-stress effect of dangshen(Codonopsis pilosula).Methods: We selected 12 beagles and divided them into two groups. One group was treated with dangshen decoction two hours before the flight, and the other group was untreated. Their routine blood indexes and clinical biochemical parameters were tested and analyzed before transport, after unloading and after adaptation for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days after administering dangshen.Results: We found that flight transportation stress adversely influenced many of the beagles' routine blood indexes. These recovered during adaptation, with dangshen administration assisting recovery of most indexes. Flight transport stress also adversely influenced biochemical indexes in the beagles. Again these recovered during adaptation, and dangshen aided in the recovery.Conclusion: Thus, we found that flight transport adversely affected the beagles' blood indexes, and dangshen reversed the damage from transport stress.
基金Supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LBH-Q14018)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YED0501008)"Academic Backbone"Project of Northeast Agricultural University(15XG18)
文摘The stress response, caused by postoperative pain, may have adverse effects on physiological functions of bodies. And, it has been a research priority in veterinary anesthesia that is a method of minimizing the postoperative stress response. The paper aimed to explore the protective effect of dexmedetomidine on stress induced by surgical trauma by studying the effect of dexmedetomidine on the blood glucose, serum cortisol （Cor） and adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH） levels in the model of canine stress induced by surgical trauma. Therefore, 32 local healthy female dogs with similar physical conditions, aged from 11.3±2.4 months and meanbody mass （±SD） （7.7±2.2） kg, were randomly divided into four groups： control group DZ （10 min after administration of intramuscular injection of 2 mL normal saline）, group SQY （10 min before administration of intramuscular injection of 20 μg ？ kg-1 dexmedetomidine）, group SHY （10 min after administration of intramuscular injection of 20 μg ？ kg-1 dexmedetomidine） and group DLD （10 min after administration of intramuscular injection of 0.1 mL ？ kg-1 tilidine）. The corresponding drug was sucked out and diluted to 2 mL by saline. The four groups were all excised the uterus and ovaries and established surgical trauma stress model, then given the prescribed dose of the drug on the day of operation, the next day and the 3rd day. Besides, the dogs should be fasted during the days of drug administration. Blood samples were separated and taken to measure, blood glucose, serum Cor and ACTH concentration. The concentration of blood glucose was significantly lower in group SHY than that in group DZ on the day of surgery and the day after surgery （p〈0.05）, besides, it was not obviously different from other two groups. While, the concentration of Cor in group SHY had no significant differences from other three groups （p〉0.05） and was closer to the preoperative values; ACTH concentration in group SHY was significantly different from other three groups on the day of operation （p〈0.05）, and there existed significant difference （p〈0.05） with group DZ on the 2nd day after the operation. The results of analyses showed that 20 μg ？ kg-1dexmedetomidine could decrease the levels of Cor and ACTH in dog serum after operation, which played the role of anti-stress response stimulated by operations.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway and anti-stress response of hepatocytes after liver transplantation. METHODS: Ten normal liver specimens and 18 punctured donor liver specimens were divided into 3 groups: A (control: 10), B (no rejection: 10) and C (acute rejection:8). MAPK, Ras, Jun and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were tested immunohistochemically while Ras and HSP70 were tested by in situ hybridization. All sections were subjected to image analysis. RESULTS: Protein expressions of MAPK, Ras and Jun were increased by an ascending order of groups A, B and C. The protein expression of HSP70 was the highest in group B but lower in group C. Expressions of Ras and HSP7O mRNA were consistent with those of protein. CONCLUSIONS: The changes of the MAPK cascade pathway and anti-stress response of hepatocytes after liver transplantation are one of regulation mechanisms for protecting the hepatocytes from damage after liver transplantation. This mechanism is active to support individual survival.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32130099)Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(TSBICIP-CXRC-038)Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project(NT2021005).
文摘In swine production,stress is a common encounter that leads to serious bacterial infection and adverse effects on growth performance.Though antibiotics have been frequently used to control pathogen spread,sustained negative impacts from antibiotics have been found to affect intestinal integrity and the immune system.Multiple nutritional strategies have shown potential to counteract stress and replace antibiotics,including functional amino acids,low protein diet,plant extracts,organic acids,prebiotics,probiotics,minerals and vitamins.These additives relieve the stress response in swine via different mechanisms and signal transduction pathways.Based on the overview of signaling pathways and stress models,this review highlights the potential of nutritional strategies in swine for preventing or treating stress-related health problems.For wider application in the pig industry,the dose ranges measured require for further validation in different physiological contexts and formulations.In the future,micro-fluid devices and novel stress models are expected to enhance the efficiency of screening for new anti-stress candidates.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFD1300400)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2021A1515010944)Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou(202201011730).
文摘Background The benefits of combining benzoic acid and essential oils(BAO)to mitigate intestinal impairment during the weaning process have been well established,while the detailed underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated.Previous research has primarily focused on the reparative effects of BAO on intestinal injury,while neglecting its potential in enhancing intestinal stress resistance.Methods In this study,we investigated the pre-protective effect of BAO against LPS-induced stress using a modified experimental procedure.Piglets were pre-supplemented with BAO for 14 d,followed by a challenge with LPS or saline to collect blood and intestinal samples.Results Our findings demonstrated that BAO supplementation led to significant improvements in piglets’final weight,average daily gain,and feed intake/body gain ratio.Additionally,BAO supplementation positively influenced the composition of intestinal microbiota,increasing beneficial Actinobacteriota and Alloprevotella while reducing harmful Desulfobacterota,Prevotella and Oscillospira.Furthermore,BAO supplementation effectively mitigated oxidative disturbances and inflammatory responses induced by acute LPS challenge.This was evidenced by elevated levels of T-AOC,SOD,and GSH,as well as decreased levels of MDA,TNF-α,and IL-6 in the plasma.Moreover,piglets subjected to LPS challenge and pre-supplemented with BAO exhibited significant improvements in intestinal morphological structure and enhanced integrity,as indicated by restored expression levels of Occludin and Claudin-1 compared to the non-supplemented counterparts.Further analysis revealed that BAO supplementation enhanced the jejunal antioxidative capacity by increasing GSH-Px levels and decreasing MDA levels under the LPS challenge and stimulated the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.Additionally,the reduction of TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways activation and proinflammatory factor were also observed in the jejunal of those piglets fed with BAO.Conclusions In summary,our study demonstrates that pre-supplementation of BAO enhances the anti-stress capacity of weaned piglets by improving intestinal microbiota composition,reinforcing the intestinal barrier,and enhancing antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capabilities.These effects are closely associated with the activation of Nrf2 and TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.
