半乳糖凝集素3及血小板与淋巴细胞比值与75岁以上急性心肌梗死患者术后心室重构的关系

目的探讨外周血半乳糖凝集素3(Gal-3)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)水平变化及其与75岁以上急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后发生心室重构的关系。方法选择2021年3月至2023年9月在南阳市第一人民医院择期行PCI术的75岁以上老年AMI患者86例,根据PCI术后是否发生心室重构将患者分为心室重构组39例和非心室重构组47例。于PCI术前、术后3d、术后5d检测Gal-3、PLR水平,比较2组外周血Gal-3、PLR水平,用多因素logistic回归分析外周血Gal-3、PLR水平与老年AMI患者PCI术后发生心室重构的关系,用ROC曲线分析外周血Gal-3、PLR水平对老年AMI患者PCI术后发生心室重构的预测价值。结果2组患者术后3d、术后5d外周血Gal-3、PLR水平均较术前降低,且术后5d外周血Gal-3、PLR水平低于术后3d(P<0.05);心室重构组术前、术后3d、术后5d的外周血Gal-3、PLR水平均高于非心室重构组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,术前Gal-3(OR=1.986,95%CI:1.017~2.875,P=0.007)、术前PLR(OR=1.774,95%CI:1.132~2.428,P=0.014)均是AMI患者PCI术后发生心室重构的危险因素。ROC曲线显示,术前外周血Gal-3和PLR联合预测AMI患者PCI术后发生心室重构的曲线下面积为0.882(95%CI:0.824~0.941),优于二者单独检测(P<0.05)。结论AMI患者PCI术后外周血Gal-3、PLR水平较术前降低,术前外周血Gal-3、PLR均是PCI术后发生心室重构的危险因素,联合检测对AMI患者PCI术后发生心室重构有较高预测价值。

FeCl_(3)淋洗修复Pb-Ni复合污染土壤机制研究

Pb、Ni复合污染对土壤的危害大,协同修复难度高。本文以修复建设用地为目标,模拟配制了不同污染程度的Pb、Ni复合污染土壤,以FeCl_(3)为淋洗剂,考察淋洗时间、淋洗剂浓度和液固比等关键参数对Pb、Ni复合污染土壤的影响及其修复机制。结果表明:当FeCl_(3)浓度为0.6 mol/L,液固比为5∶1、淋洗时间为10 h时,Pb、Ni的淋洗效果最好,Pb低、中、高污染土壤的淋洗率分别为80.75%、89.32%和91.45%,Ni低、中、高污染土壤的淋洗率分别为77.31%、92.01%和96.29%;FeCl_(3)对Pb和Ni的快速反应阶段在0~4 h时间段内,至12 h时基本达到平衡。采用双常数和Elovich模型拟合淋洗动力学过程发现,FeCl_(3)对Pb和Ni的淋洗主要是非均相扩散过程;FeCl_(3)对Pb和Ni不同污染程度土壤的去除效果排序为高污染>中污染>低污染,对重金属的去除能力排序为Ni>Pb,FeCl_(3)可有效去除Pb和Ni的弱酸可溶态和可还原态。经FeCl_(3)淋洗后的土壤中Pb和Ni含量均低于第一类建设用地的管制值,对人体健康危害小。

CT动脉增强分数、甲胎蛋白异质体3、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值联合检测对肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的评估价值

目的 探讨CT动脉增强分数(AEF)、甲胎蛋白异质体3(AFP-L3)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)联合检测对肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的评估价值。方法 选取94例肝癌介入化疗患者,所有患者均于术前1天、术后30天行CT增强扫描,并检测AFP-L3、中性粒细胞计数和淋巴细胞计数。根据临床疗效将患者分为治疗有效组[完全缓解(CR)+部分缓解(PR)]和治疗无效组[疾病稳定(SD)+疾病进展(PD)],比较两组患者的临床资料,采用Logistic回归模型分析肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的影响因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),分析AEF、AFP-L3、NLR单独及联合检测对肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的评估价值。结果 94例肝癌患者中,治疗有效组37例(CR 10例,PR 27例),治疗无效组57例(SD 34例,PD 23例)。治疗有效组中肿瘤直径﹤5 cm、肿瘤数目为单发、TNM分期为Ⅱb期的患者比例均高于治疗无效组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);治疗有效组患者术后30天AEF、AFP-L3、NLR均明显低于治疗无效组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,术后30天AEF、AFP-L3、NLR较高均是肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的独立危险因素(P﹤0.05)。ROC曲线显示,AEF、AFP-L3、NLR联合检测评估肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的AUC为0.963,灵敏度为92.98%,均高于各指标单独检测。结论 术后30天AEF、AFP-L3、NLR较高均是肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的独立危险因素,三者联合检测可有效评估肝癌患者介入化疗疗效,为后续治疗提供参考。

Effects of MgO/Al2O3 ratio on viscous behaviors and structures of MgO-Al2O3-TiO2-CaO-SiO2 slag systems with high TiO2 content and low CaO/SiO2 ratio

The effects of MgO/Al2 O3 ratio on the viscous behaviors of MgO-Al2 O3-TiO2-CaO-SiO2 systems were investigated by the rotating cylinder method.Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the structural characteristics of slag and Factsage 7.0 was adopted to demonstrate the liquidus temperature of slag.The results show that the viscosity and activation energy for viscous flow decrease when the MgO/Al2O3 ratio increases from 0.82 to 1.36.The break point temperature and liquidus temperature of slag initially decrease and subsequently increase.The complex viscous structures are gradually depolymerized to simple structural units.In conclusion,with the increase of MgO/Al2O3 ratio,the degree of polymerization of slag decreases,which improves the fluidity of slag.The variations of liquidus temperature of slag lead to the same changes of break point temperature.

Measurement of Monomer Reactivity Ratios of D,L-3-Methylglycolide with Glycolide or D,L-Lactide

For monomer reactivity ratios study, the copolymerization of D,L-3-methylglycolide (MG) with glycolide (GA) or D,L-lactide (LA) was carried out in bulk to a certain low conversion in the presence of stannous octoate at 140 degrees C. The copolymer compositions were determined by H-1 NMR spectroscopy. The monomer reactivity ratios were evaluated by Fineman-Ross method, Kelen-Tudos method and linear least-squares method. The monomer reactivity ratios of D,L-3-methylglycolide and glycolide or D,L-lactide are r(mg)= 0.73, r(ga)= 1.47; r(mg)= 1.71, r(la)= 0.92, respectively.

Design, Characterization, and 3D Printing of Cardiovascular Stents with Zero Poisson’s Ratio in Longitudinal Deformation

Inherent drawbacks associated with drug-eluting stents have prompted the development of bioresorbable cardiovascular stents.Additive manufacturing(3-dimentional(3D)printing)has been widely applied in medical devices.In this study,we develop a novel screw extrusion-based 3D printing system with a new designed mini-screw extruder to fabricate stents.A stent with a zero Poisson’s ratio(ZPR)structure is designed,and a preliminary monofilament test is conducted to investigate appropriate fabrication parameters.3D-printed stents with different geometric structures are fabricated and analyzed by observation of the surface morphology.An evaluation of the mechanical properties and a preliminary biological evaluation of 3D-printed stents with different parameters are carried out.In conclusion,the screw extrusion-based 3D printing system shows potential for customizable stent fabrication.

Serum Omega-6/Omega-3 Ratio and Risk Markers for Cardiovascular Disease in an Industrial Population of Delhi

High omega-6/omega-3 ratio intake promotes development of many chronic diseases. Secondary prevention studies though have demonstrated a decline in progression of many such diseases after reducing the intake, specific biochemical indices of cardiovascular disease risk markers have not been evaluated. We have evaluated the circulating levels of omega-6/omega-3 ratio and its effect on cardiovascular risk markers in India. Present study was conducted in industrial setting where employees were randomly selected. Data on their demographic characteristics were collected using pre-tested questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were collected from all the participants. Serum was separated and stored at-80℃ till the time of analysis. Lipids were estimated using standard kits. Fatty acids in serum were estimated by Gas chromatography. The identified Omega-3 fatty acid included were 18:3 (Alpha-linolenic acid), 20:5 (Eicosapentenoic acid) & 22:6 (Docosahexenoic acid). Among omega-6 included were 18:2 (linoleic acid), 18:3 (gamma-linolenic acid) & 20:4 (Arachidonic acid). Complete data was available for 176 participants (89% males and 11% females) with mean age of 47.23 ± 6.00 years. The bmi of the participants was 24.88 ±3.43 Kg/m2 and waist circumference was 91.50 ±9.56 cm. The median of omega-6/omega-3 ratio in the study population was 36.69 (range: 6.21 -?183.69). The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, ldl-cholesterol and cholesterol/hdl ratio and apo B correlated significantly with omega-6/3 ratio. There was no correlation observed with hsCRP and LDL-particle size. A direct relationship of omega-6/ omega-3 ratio with dyslipidemia was observed in our study.

血清甲胎蛋白、甲胎蛋白异质体3比率、高尔基体蛋白73水平对乙型肝炎相关原发性肝癌的诊断价值

目的探讨血清甲胎蛋白(alpha fetoprotein,AFP)、甲胎蛋白异质体3比率(alphafetoprotein-L-3 ratio,AFP-L3%)和高尔基体蛋白73(golgi protein73,GP73)水平对乙型肝炎相关原发性肝癌(primary liver cancer,PLC)的诊断价值。方法以2018年1月至2023年7月安徽医科大学第二附属医院肝病科门诊和住院的182例乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染者为研究对象,其中原发性肝癌患者60例(PLC组),肝硬化患者85例(肝硬化组),慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者37例(肝炎组),检测各组患者血清AFP、AFP-L3%和GP73水平。采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评价AFP、AFP-L3%、GP73及联合检测对PLC的诊断效能。结果PLC组患者AFP(中位数:116μg/L比5.32μg/L比5.08μg/L)、AFP-L3%(中位数:5.23μg/L比0μg/L比0μg/L)水平显著高于肝硬化组和肝炎组(P均<0.05),3组间GP73水平差异无统计学意义(中位数:84.09μg/L比95.22μg/L比64.57μg/L;H=1.52,P=0.47)。AFP、AFP-L3%、GP73、AFP+AFP-L3%和AFP+AFP-L3%+GP73诊断PLC的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.79、0.78、0.49、0.83、0.81。三者联合诊断的特异度(89.10%)和总有效率(81.82%)最高。结论AFP和AFP-L3%作为PLC的辅助诊断指标时具有良好的诊断价值,而GP73的诊断价值相对较低。AFP、AFP-L3%、GP73联合检测可提高PLC诊断的特异度,对PLC诊断具有较高的临床价值。

Beneficial n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and n6:n3 ratios after 4-week EPA + DHA supplementation associated with reduced CRP: A pilot study in healthy young adults

Chronic systemic inflammation is associated with many conditions of aging such as atherosclerosis. Lowering high n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios are commonly found in Western diets aids in preventing inflammatory-related diseases. However, it is not clear whether dietary interventions designed to alter n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios can reduce systemic inflammation in younger adults. Studies that evaluate PUFA intake often use subjective data from food frequency questionnaires or food records rather than more precise physiological measures of PUFAs (e.g. plasma levels). Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study that analyzed data from the experimental parent study of younger adults (n = 18), was to determine whether plasma PUFA levels were associated with levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker, and if supplementation with n-3 PUFAs was correlated with rising n-3 PUFA concentrations in plasma and decreasing n-6:n-3 ratios. In the parent study, participants received daily either placebo or n-3 PUFA softgels (1.6 g eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and 1.2 g docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]). EPA and DHA are the biologically active components in fish oil. Measures included blood for PUFA quantification at baseline and four weeks later, when blister wounds were created and wound fluid and saliva were collected. The saliva samples were used to measure CRP in the present study. We report that CRP was significantly and negatively correlated with total n-3 PUFAs (tau-β = ?0.373, p = 0.031) and positively correlated with n-6:n-3 ratios (tau-β = 0.320, p = 0.063). Those consuming EPA + DHA supplements had significantly higher concentrations of total n-3 PUFAs and significantly lower n-6:n-3 ratios (p The present study has shown that beneficial levels of n-3 PUFAs and n-6:n3 ratios were achieved with 4-weeks of EPA + DHA supplementation and were associated with reduced CRP in young adults. EPA + DHA supplementation for some young adults may help prevent inflammatory conditions later in life.

Ca_(2)MgTeO_(6)∶Bi^(3+),Mn^(4+)材料的发光性能和温度探测

通过高温固相法成功制备了一系列Ca_(2)MgTeO_(6)∶Bi^(3+),Mn^(4+)荧光粉,对其微观结构、形貌、发光特性和温敏特性进行了表征。Ca_(2)MgTeO_(6)∶Bi^(3+),Mn^(4+)荧光粉具有不同温度敏感性的双发射中心,分别来自于Bi^(3+)离子^(3)P_(1)→^(1)S_(0)跃迁和Mn^(4+)离子的^(2)E_(g)→^(4)A_(2g)跃迁。由于Bi^(3+)、Mn^(4+)离子的发光强度随温度变化的规律不同,利用该特性进行测温研究,在200~500 K范围内,该荧光粉的最大绝对灵敏度和相对灵敏度分别达到0.027 K^(-1)和1.83%·K^(-1),并且观察到荧光粉的发光颜色由橙黄色逐渐变为紫红色。实验结果表明,Ca_(2)MgTeO_(6)∶Bi^(3+),Mn^(4+)荧光粉作为光学测温材料在温度探测方面有一定的潜力。

Structural Changes of Y Zeolites with Different Initial SiO_2/Al_2O_3 Ratios during Hydrothermal Treatment

The effects of the initial framework SiO2/Al2O3 ratio and temperature on the structural changes of NaY zeolites during hydrothermal treatments are studied. Two samples with different framework SiO2/Al2O3 ratios are subjected to hydrothermal treatment at four different temperatures. For zeolite with a lower initial SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 4.2, mesopores are easily formed because more framework aluminum is detached. Moreover, two kinds of mesopores are produced at a higher temperature due to the interconnection of vacancies and smaller mesopores. For zeolite with a higher initial SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 6.0, there are less mesopores formed as compared with the lower initial SiO2/Al2O3 ratio sample, but there are some macropores formed. This may be attributed to the isolation of vacancies and the different distributions of aluminum in the crystal lattice of the zeolite. The experiment data show that NaY with the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 6.0 retains a high relative crystallinity during the hydrothermal treatment. This proves that a high framework SiO2/Al2O3 ratio benefits the stability of zeolite.

Effects of MgO content and CaO/Al_2O_3 ratio on surface tension of calcium aluminate refining slag

Surface tension of calcium aluminate refining slag was measured by the Slide method at 1823 K.Based on different levels of the MgO content and the mass ratio of CaO to Al_2O_3,the effects of MgO content and the mass ratio of CaO to Al_2O_3 on surface tension were investigated.The results indicate that surface tension decreased with increasing MgO content(from 0 to 4.86%),followed by an increase with further increasing MgO content up to 11.33%.The trend that surface tension changed with the mass ratio of CaO to Al_2O_3 was the same as the trend that surface tension changed with the MgO content.The surface tension was varied from 0.617 N/m to 0.710 N/m,for the mass ratio of CaO to Al_2O_3 varying between 0.60 and 1.28.An attempt was made to estimate surface tension of CaO-Al_2O_3-MgO slag and its sub-system,and the application showed that the model worked well.

Tuning the particle size,physical properties,and photocatalytic activity of Ag_(3)PO_(4)materials by changing the Ag^(+)/PO_(4)^(3-)ratio

This study demonstrates the influence of the Ag^(+)/PO_(4)^(3-)ratio in precursor solution on the crystal structural formation,morphology,physical properties,and photocatalytic performance of a Ag_(3)PO_(4)photocatalyst that is fabricated,using a facile precipitation method,from AgNO_(3)and Na2HPO_(4)·12H_(2)O.The material characterizations were carried out using x-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy(EDX),Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET)surface area,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)absorption,Raman scattering,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),UV-vis absorption,and photoluminescence(PL).The results show that Ag_(3)PO_(4)crystallizes better when the excess PO_(4)^(3-)content increases,and the lattice parameters decrease slightly,while the crystal diameter and the particle size increase.This change is also observed in the Raman scattering and FTIR spectra with the increase in the vibration frequency of the[PO_(4)]group.The compression of the[PO_(4)]unit was also confirmed in the XPS spectra with the shift of P 2p peaks toward higher binding energy.The photocatalytic results showed that the samples synthesized from excess PO_(4)^(3-)solution exhibited higher photocatalytic performance compared to the sample with a Ag^(+)/PO_(4)^(3-)ratio of 3:1.A sample prepared from the precursor solution with a Ag^(+)/PO_(4)^(3-)ratio of 3:1.5 was optimal for RhB decomposition under both visible light and natural sunlight,completely decomposing 10 ppm RhB after 15 minutes of xenon lamp irradiation and after 60 minutes under solar light irradiation.This is attributed to the high crystallinity,small particle size and low electron–hole recombination rate of the sample.

Effect of Mg/Al Ratios on Hydration Mechanism of Tabular Alumina Carbon Composites Reinforced by Al4C3 in situ Reaction

Hydration mechanism of tabular alumina carbon composites reinforced by Al4C3 in situ reaction with Mg and Al was researched in water steam using super automatic thermostatic water bath from 25 ℃ to 85 ℃. It is shown that hydration mechanism of the composites is chemical reaction control at 44.3 ℃-84 ℃ in H2O（g）. The hydration was controlled by diffusion from 24.7 ℃ to 33 ℃. The ratio of added Mg/Al influences the HMOR of the composites.The mechanism of HMOR of the composites with different ratios of Mg/Al can be discovered by means of SEM analysis. The active Mg/Al powder and flake graphite inside give the composites outstanding hot strength resulting from the interlocking structure of Al4C3 crystals at high temperature. Besides, the matrix changes into the Al4C3 with high refractoriness. The method of preventing the hydration of tabular alumina carbon composites reinforced by Al4C3 in situ reaction was immersed in the wax at suitable temperature or storing them below 33 ℃ in a dry place or storing them with paraffin-coating.

高热稳定CaGdAlO_(4)∶Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+)荧光粉的上转换发光及其温度传感性能

获得具有良好热稳定性和发光性能的非接触式光学温度传感材料是目前的研究热点之一,本工作通过高温固相法制备了Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+)共掺CaGdAlO_(4)∶Er_(x),Yb_(0.10)(x=0.006、0.008、0.010、0.012、0.014)荧光粉,尺寸大小分布在0.6~4.2μm。在980 nm激光激发下,该荧光粉在500~700 nm发射谱由两个发射带组成,528和550 nm处两个较强的绿光发射带,归属于Er^(3+)的^(2)H_(11/2)→^(4)I_(15/2)、^(4)S_(3/2)→^(4)I_(15/2)能级跃迁,663 nm处较弱的红光发射带,归属于Er^(3+)的^(4)F_(9/2)→^(4)I_(15/2)能级跃迁。上转换发光强度最大组分为CaGdAlO_(4)∶Er_(0.010),Yb_(0.10)。300~573 K变温发射谱表明,基于荧光强度比FIR_(528/550)参数,温度传感绝对灵敏度S_(A)从44.4×10^(-4) K^(-1)(@300 K)先增大到52.0×10^(-4) K^(-1)(@445 K)随后减小到49.0×10^(-4) K^(-1)(@573 K)。相对灵敏度S_(R)则从0.95×10^(-2) K^(-1)(@300 K)单调减小到0.27×10^(-2) K^(-1)(@573 K)。冷热循环实验表明该材料的热重复性优于98%。结果表明,CaGdAlO_(4)∶Er_(0.010),Yb_(0.10)荧光粉在光学温度传感领域具有潜在的应用前景。

Effects of temperature and initial molar ratio of Na_2O to Al_2O_3 on agglomeration of fine Al(OH)_3 seed in synthetic Bayer solution

Fine Al（OH）3 crystals were aggregated from supersaturated aluminate solution in the batch reaction tanks. By means of laser particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscopy, the influences of temperature and initial molar ratio of Na2O to Al2O3 （aK） on agglomeration of fine seed in Bayer process were investigated. The results show that agglomeration is almost finished in 8 h, and seeds with size less than 2 μm are easily aggregated together, and almost disappear in 8 h under the optimal process conditions. In the aluminate solution with the same moderate initial aK, when the reaction temperature reaches 75 ℃, the secondary nucleation does not occur, and the effect of agglomeration is better. And at the same reaction temperature, when the initial aK is 1.62, the initial supersaturation of aluminate solution is moderate, the binders on the surfaces of the seed are enough to maintain the agglomeration process, and the agglomeration degree is better. From SEM images, agglomeration mainly occurs in the fine particles, the combinations among the fine particles are loose and the new formed coarse crystal shapes are irregular.

Organic matter transformation ratio, hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency and shale oil enrichment type in Chang 7_(3) shale of Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, NW China

The major enrichment type of shale oil in the Chang 7_(3) shale of Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin is unknown.This paper analyzes the organic matter transformation ratio,hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency and roof/floor sealing conditions of the Chang 7_(3) shale,and evaluates the major enrichment type of shale oil in this interval.The average organic matter transformation ratio of the Chang 7_(3) shale is about 45%;in other words,more than 50%of the organic matters have not transformed to hydrocarbons,and the lower the maturity,the greater the proportion of untransformed organic matters.The cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of the transformed hydrocarbon is 27.5% on average,and the total proportion of untransformed organic matters plus retained hydrocarbons is greater than 70%.The relative hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of the Chang 7_(3) shale is 60%on average,that is,about 40% of hydrocarbons retain in the shale.The Chang 7_(3) shale corresponds to Chang 7_(1+2) and Chang 8 sandstones as the roof and floor,respectively,and is further overlaid by Chang 6 shale,where extensive low porosity and low permeability–tight oil reservoirs have formed in the parts with relatively good porosity and permeability.Moreover,the Chang 7_(3) shale is tested to be in a negative pressure system(the pressure coefficient of 0.80–0.85).Therefore,the roof/floor sealing conditions of the Chang 7_(3) shale are poor.The retained hydrocarbons appear mostly in absorbed status,with low mobility.It is concluded that the medium–high mature shale oil is not the major enrichment type of shale oil in the Chang 7_(3) shale,but there may be enrichment opportunity for shale oil with good mobility in the areas where the sealing conditions are good without faults and fractures and oil reservoirs are formed off Chang 7_(1+2),Chang 6 and Chang 8.Furthermore,low–medium mature shale oil is believed to have great potential and is the major enrichment type of shale oil in the Chang 7_(3) shale.It is recommended to prepare relevant in-situ conversion technologies by pilot test and figure out the resource availability and distribution.

COPOLYMERIZATION AND DETERMINATION OF MONOMER REACTIVITY RATIOS OF DL-LACTIDE WITH 3-BENZYLOXYMETHYL-1,4-DIOXANE-2,5-DIONE

The copolymerization of DL-LA and 3-BMG was carried out in bulk with stannous 2-ethythexanoate as the catalyst. A series of copolymers with pendant protected groups were obtained and characterized by H-1-NMR and GPC analysis. The monomer reactivity ratios were evaluated by the Fineman-Ross method and the Kelen-Tudos method and found to be r(BMG)=1.96 and r(LA)=0.37, respectively.

The Relationships between Erythrocyte Membrane n-6 to n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Ratio and Blood Lipids and C-reactive Protein in Chinese Adults:An Observational Study

Objective To investigate the relationships between erythrocyte membrane n-6：n-3 PUFAs ratio and blood lipids and high sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）. Methods The Chinese and a observational study consisted of a population-based cross-sectiona subsequent 1-year follow-up study of 171 subjects with the fasting cholesterol of 5.13-8.00 mmol/L. study of 456 plasma total Results In the cross-sectional analysis, plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-c） had a significant and negative association with the erythrocyte membrane n-6：n-3 PUFAs ratio （P for trend=0.019） after adjusting for sex, age and total PUFA percentage. In the follow-up study, 171 subjects were categorized into quartiles by the changes of n-6：n-3 ratio in erythrocyte membrane （△=month 12-month 0）. In the top quartile whose ratios of n-6：n-3 increased by an average of 1.25 during the follow-up, the LDL-c-lowering extent was 3.3 times of that in the lowest quartile whose ratios of n-6：n-3 decreased by an average of 1.13 （-1.07 mmol/L v.s. -0.32 mmol/L）. The hsCRP decreased by 0.11 mg/dL in the lowest quartile while increasing by 0.10 mg/dL in the top quartile （P for difference=0.052）. Conclusion Our results suggested that the balance between n-6 and n-3 fatty acids may optimize the cardiovascular benefits from dietary PUFAs.

The Paradigm of Surgical Ellipse Dimensions: Are the Length-to-Width Ratio of 3 to 4 and a Vertex Angle of 30&ordm;Correct?

Background: It has been postulated that elliptical cutaneous excisions must possess a length-to-width ratio of 3 to 4 and a vertex angle of 30o or less in order to be closed primarily without creating a “dog ear”. These dimensions became axiomatic in cutaneous surgery and have been taught in the apprenticeship model for years. The present article examines the validity of that paradigm. Methods: We collected data from two sources: ellipses described in the literature (57 cases);and elliptical excisions performed at the authors’ outpatient clinic (83 cases). The surgical ellipse lengths, widths, and vertex angles were analyzed, and the data were compared to a mathematical formula used to generate a fusiform ellipse. Results: The length-to-width ratio of 3 - 4 was found to be inconsistent with the recommended vertex angle of 30o. In fact, a length-to-width ratio of 3 - 4 determines a vertex angle of 48o - 63o. A 30o vertex angle is only feasible with long length-to-width ration of about 7.5. Conclusions: The paradigm that surgical ellipses should have a vertex angle of 30o with length-to-width ratio of 3 - 4 is incorrect. Evidence from actual surgical practice and from mathematical formulation shows that either the length-to-width ratio must be larger than 3 - 4 or the vertex angle must be larger than 30 degrees.