Responses of Detoxifying, Antioxidant and Digestive Enzyme Activities to Host Shift of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

The polyphagous B-biotype of Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） has demonstrated a high capacity to adapt to numerous hosts from diverse plant families. To illustrate induced responses by the host plant, biochemical research on eight plant-insect interaction correlative enzymes, representing detoxifying, antioxidant and digestive pathways, were investigated. Transferring whitefly adults to Zhongmian 23 from the pre-adapted host Zhongmian 41 induced activities of carboxylesterase （by 1.80-fold）, glutathione S-transferase （by 3.79-fold）, proteinase （by 1.62-fold） and amylase （by 2.41-fold） activities, hut decreased polyphenol oxidase （by 1.89-fold） and peroxidase （by 1.88-fold）. However, transferring whitefly adults to the favorite host abutilon from Zhongmian 41 was associated with increased activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase （by 1.61-fold） and amylase （by 1.42-fold）, and decreased activities of polyphenol oxidase （by 2.96-fold） and peroxidase （by 2.07-fold）. Our results, together with previous studies, proved that multiple pathways are involved in coping with host shifts by polyphagous herbivores, and the taxonomic status and preference of the host transferred would affect which pathway would be induced. These results would represent a key challenge in developing long-term sustainable insect control strategies.

Salvianolic acid B modulates the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes in HepG2 cells

BACKGROUND: Enzymes involved in drug and xenobiotic metabolism have been considered to exist in two groups: phase I and phase II enzymes. Cytochrome P450 isoenzymes (CYPs) are the most important phase I enzymes in the metabolism of xenobiotics. The products of phase I metabolism are then acted upon by phase II enzymes, including glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Herbs that inhibit CYPs such as CYP3A4 or that induce GSTs may have the potential to protect against chemical carcinogenesis since the mutagenic effects of carcinogens are often mediated through an excess of CYP-generated reactive intermediates. This study was designed to investigate the effects of salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a pure compound extracted from Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, a Chinese herb, on cell proliferation and CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 mRNA expression in the presence or absence of rifampicin, a potent inducer of CYPs and GST protein expression in HepG2 cells. METHODS: HepG2 cells were incubated with different concentrations of Sal B. Cell proliferation was determined by SYTOX-Green nucleic acid staining. CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 mRNA expression was assayed by real-time PCR. GST protein expression was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: Low concentrations of Sal B (0-20 μmol/L) had no significant effects on cell proliferation, while higher concentrations (100-250 μmol/L) significantly inhibited proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Ten μmol/L Sal B, but not 1 μmol/L, down-regulated CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 mRNA expression after 24 hours of incubation, whereas both 1 and 10 μmol/L Sal B down-regulated CYP3A4mRNA expression after 96 hours of incubation; moreover, 1 and 10 μmol/L Sal B inhibited CYP3A4 mRNA expression induced by rifampicin. Both 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L Sal B increased GST expression. CONCLUSION: Sal B inhibits CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 mRNA expression and induces GST expression in HepG2 cells.

In vitro cleavage of hepatitis B virus C mRNA by 10-23 DNA enzyme

BACKGROUND: 10-23 DNA enzyme is one kind of de-oxyribozymes for RNA cleavage. The inhibition effects of 10-23 DNA enzyme on the expression of the HBV C gene in HepG2. 2. 15 cells were demonstrated previously. The aim of this study was to further explore the cleavage activities of 10-23 DNA enzyme targeting at HBV C gene mRNA in vitro. METHODS: 10-23 DNA enzyme named Drz-HBV-C-9 specific to HBV C gene ORF A1816UG was designed and synthesized. HBV C gene mRNA was obtained by the in vitro transcription method. Cleavage activities of Drz-HBV-C-9 were observed in vitro. Values of kinetic parameters including Km,Kcat and Kcat/Km were calculated accordingly. RESULTS: Under the certain cleavage conditions, Drz-HBV-C-9 could efficiently cleave target mRNA at specific sites in vitro. Cleavage products of 109nt plus 191nt were obtained. The kinetic parameters, Km,Kcat and Kcat/ Km for Drz-HBV-C-9, were 1.4 ×10-9 mol, 1.6 min-1 and 1.1 × 109 mol-1 · min-1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: 10-23 DNA enzyme targeting at HBV C gene mRNA possesses specific cleavage activities in vitro. This would be a potent antiviral strategy with respect to HBV gene therapy.

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme level for evaluating significant fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B

AIM To evaluate the diagnostic performance of angiotensinconverting enzyme(ACE)on significant liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). METHODS In total,100 patients with CHB who underwent liver biopsy in our hospital were enrolled,and 70 patients except for 30 patients with hypertension,fatty liver or habitual alcoholic consumption were analyzed.We compared histological liver fibrosis and serum ACE levels and evaluated the predictive potential to diagnose significant liver fibrosis by comparison with several biochemical marker-based indexes such as the aspartate aminotransferase(AST)-to-platelet ratio index(APRI),the fibrosis index based on four factors(FIB-4),the Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer(M2BPGi)level and the number of platelets(Plt). RESULTS Serum ACE levels showed moderately positive correlation with liver fibrotic stages(R2=0.181).Patients with significant,advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis(F2-4)had significantly higher serum ACE levels than those with early-stage fibrosis and cirrhosis(F0-1).For significant fibrosis(≥F2),the 12.8 U/L cut-off value of ACE showed 91.7%sensitivity and 75.0%specificity.The receiver-operating characteristic(ROC)curves analysis revealed that the area under the curve(AUC)value of ACE was 0.871,which was higher than that of APRI,FIB-4,M2BPGi and Plt. CONCLUSION The serum ACE level could be a novel noninvasive,easy,accurate,and inexpensive marker of significant fibrosis stage in patients with CHB.

Serum levels of angiotensin converting enzyme as a biomarker of liver fibrosis

The renin angiotensin system(RAS) is classically conceived as a circulating hormonal system involved in blood pressure control and hydroelectrolyte balance. The discovery that RAS components are locally expressed in a wide range of organs and tissues,including the liver,pointed to a role for this system in the pathogenesis of several conditions including hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. It has been widely reported that the classical RAS axis composed by the angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)-angiotensin(Ang) Ⅱ-Ang type 1(AT1) receptor mediates pro-inflammatory,pro-thrombotic,and pro-fibrotic processes. On the other hand,the alternative axis comprising ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas receptor seems to play a protective role by frequently opposing Ang Ⅱ action. Chronic hepatitis B(CHB) is one of the leading causes of liver fibrosis,accounting for the death of nearly one million people worldwide. Liver fibrosis is a key factor to determine therapeutic interventions for patients with CHB. However,the establishment of non-invasive and accurate methods to detect reversible stages of liver fibrosis is still a challenge. In an elegant study published in the 36 th issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology,Noguchi et al showed the predictive value of serum ACE levels in detecting not only advanced stages of liver fibrosis but also initial and intermediate fibrotic stages. The serum levels of ACE might represent an accurate,non-invasive,widely available,and easy method to evaluate fibrosis related to CHB. Moreover,therapies involving the inhibition of the classical RAS axis components might be promising in the control of CHB-related liver fibrosis.

B Vitamins Can Reduce Body Weight Gain by Increasing Metabolism-related Enzyme Activities in Rats Fed on a High-Fat Diet

B vitamins are enzyme cofactors that play an important role in energy metabolism.The aim of this study was to elucidate whether B vitamin administration can reduce body weight(BW)gain by improving energy metabolism-related enzyme activities in rats fed on a highfat diet.Fifty rats were randomly assigned to one of the following five groups:control group(C),including rats fed on standard rat chow;four treatment groups(H0,H1,H2,and H3),in which rats were fed on a high-fat diet.Rats in the H1 group were treated daily with 100 mg/kg BW thiamine(VB1),100 mg/kg BW riboflavin(VB2),and 250 mg/kg BW niacin(VPP);rats in the H2 group were treated daily with 100 mg/kg BW pyridoxine(VB6),100 mg/kg BW cobalamin(VB12),and 5 mg/kg BW folate(FA);and rats in the H3 group were treated daily with all of the B vitamins administered to the H1 and H2 groups.After 12 weeks,the BW gains from the initial value were 154.5±58.4 g and 159.1±53.0 g in the H1 and C groups,respectively,which were significantly less than the changes in the H0 group(285.2±14.8 g,P〈0.05).In the H0 group,the plasma total cholesterol(CHO)and triglyceride(TG)levels were 1.59±0.30 mmol/L and 1.55±0.40 mmol/L,respectively,which were significantly greater than those in the H1 group(1.19±0.18 mmol/L and 0.76±0.34 mmol/L,respectively,P〈0.05).The activities of transketolase(TK),glutathione reductase,and Na^+/K^+adenosine triphosphatase were significantly increased in the B vitamin-treated groups and were significantly greater than those in the H0 group(P〈0.05).Furthermore,the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,pyruvic acid kinase,and succinate dehydrogenase activities also were increased after treatment with B vitamins.Supplementation with B vitamins could effectively reduce BW gain and plasma levels of lipids by improving energy metabolism-related enzyme activities in rats,thus possibly providing potential benefits to humans.

Demethylation of tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme promoter associated with high hepatitis B e antigen level in chronic hepatitis B

AIM: To evaluate tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme(TACE) methylation status in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).METHODS: Eighty patients with hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag)-positive CHB, 80 with HBe Ag-negative CHB, and 40 healthy controls(HCs) were randomly enrolled in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and methylation status of TACE promoter was determined by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. The clinical and laboratory parameters were collected.RESULTS: One hundred and thirty of 160 patients with CHB(81.25%) and 38 of 40 HCs(95%) displayed TACE promoter methylation. The difference was significant(χ2 = 4.501, P < 0.05). TACE promoter methylation frequency in HBe Ag-positive CHB(58/80, 72.5%) was significantly lower than that in HBe Ag-negative CHB(72/80, 90%; χ2 = 8.041, P < 0.01) and HCs(χ2 = 8.438, P < 0.01). However, no significant difference was observed in the methylation frequency between HBe Agnegative CHB and HCs(χ2 = 0.873, P > 0.05). In the HBe Ag-positive group, TACE methylation frequency was significantly negatively correlated with HBe Ag(r =-0.602, P < 0.01), alanine aminotransferase(r =-0.461, P < 0.01) and aspartate aminotransferase(r =-0.329, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Patients with HBe Ag-positive CHB have aberrant demethylation of the TACE promoter, which may potentially serve as a biomarker for HBe Ag seroconversion.

Mitigative Effect of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>QM3 on Root Morphology and Resistance Enzyme Activity of Wheat Root under Lead Stress

Lead (Pb) is an environmental pollutant extremely toxic to plants and other living organisms including humans. In order to research the relieve effect of Bacillus subtilis QM3 on wheat roots (Triticum aestivum L.), after wheat seeds germination for two days, wheat root caused, the experimental materials were divided into four large groups and each large group was placed in 6 petri dishes as six small groups, and then four large groups respectively cultivated with sterile water (CK), 108 CFU/ml B. subtilis QM3 (B1), 107 CFU/ml B. subtilis QM3 (B2) and 106 CFU/ml B. subtilis QM3 (B3) for 2 days, after that stressed with lead nitrate, Pb (NO)2, Pb2+ concentration calculation at five concentrations (50, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 mg/L), sterile water and different Pb2+ concentration liquid respectively cultivated the 6 small groups in each large group measuring root morpholog and assaying changes of antioxidant enzyme activity. The results showed that: with the increase of the Pb2+ concentration, root morphology index and the activity of antioxidant enzyme increased first and then decreased. Root morphology index reached the maximum in 50 mg/L Pb2+ concentration. B. subtilis QM3 clearly promoted the growth of the root and the antioxidant enzyme activity (p 0.05). Without Pb stress, B. subtilis QM3 had the best improving effect on root morphology. When Pb2+ concentration was 50 mg/L, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) reached the maximum. SOD activity, compared with CK, B1, B2 and B3 respectively, increased by 8.05%, 27.41% and 9.79%. APX activity, compared with CK, B1, B2 and B3 respectively, increased by 52.70%, 111.15% and 14.16%. Catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) reached the maximum at the Pb2+ concentration was 500 mg/L. CAT activity, compared with CK, B1, B2 and B3 respectively, increased by 59.93%, 83.46% and 70.59%. POD activity, compared with CK, B1, B2 and B3 respectively, increased by 2.88%, 10.11% and 7.67%. Result suggested that B. subtilis QM3 could improve root growth and antioxidant enzyme activity of the wheat root under lead stress.

Effects of tachykinin neuropeptide NKB and A<i>β</i>(25-35) on antioxidant enzymes status in 17<i>β</i>estradiol treated aging female rats

Aging is the leading risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress involved in the pathophysiology of these diseases. These changes increase during menopausal condition in females when the level of estradiol is decreased. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of tachykinin neuropeptide, Neurokinin B (NKB) and Amyloid beta fragment Aβ (25 -?35) on 17β estradiol (E2) treated aging female rat synaptosomes of different age groups. Aging brain functions were assayed by measuring the activities of antioxidant enzymes—superoxide dismutase (SOD) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) with neuropeptides. An in-vitro incubation of Aβ (25 -?35) in E2 treated brain synaptosomes showed toxic effects on all the parameters. However, NKB and NKB combined with Aβ (25 35) showed stimulating effects in E2 treated rat brain synaptosomes. In the present study, an increase in activity of SOD and decrease in the level of MAO, in the presence of NKB and combined NKB and Aβ in E2 treated brain synaptosomes of aging rats. This study elucidates that treatment of NKB and Aβ with E2 incombination exerts more protective influence than their individual application, against excitotoxicity in age related changes.

Gamma-glutamyl transferase 5 overexpression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells improves brain pathology,cognition,and behavior in APP/PS1 mice

In patients with Alzheimer’s disease,gamma-glutamyl transferase 5(GGT5)expression has been observed to be downregulated in cerebrovascular endothelial cells.However,the functional role of GGT5 in the development of Alzheimer’s disease remains unclear.This study aimed to explore the effect of GGT5 on cognitive function and brain pathology in an APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease,as well as the underlying mechanism.We observed a significant reduction in GGT5 expression in two in vitro models of Alzheimer’s disease(Aβ_(1-42)-treated hCMEC/D3 and bEnd.3 cells),as well as in the APP/PS1 mouse model.Additionally,injection of APP/PS1 mice with an adeno-associated virus encoding GGT5 enhanced hippocampal synaptic plasticity and mitigated cognitive deficits.Interestingly,increasing GGT5 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells reduced levels of both soluble and insoluble amyloid-βin the brains of APP/PS1 mice.This effect may be attributable to inhibition of the expression ofβ-site APP cleaving enzyme 1,which is mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B.Our findings demonstrate that GGT5 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells is inversely associated with Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis,and that GGT5 upregulation mitigates cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice.These findings suggest that GGT5 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells is a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease.

UV-B增强后秸秆还田分解对土壤氮转化微生物及酶活性的影响

为明确UV-B辐射增强对水稻秸秆化学成分的影响,阐释UV-B辐射增强后秸秆还田分解特征及其对稻田土壤氮素转化的间接效应,本研究在元阳梯田(海拔1600 m)开展大田试验,以当地水稻品种白脚老粳为研究对象,研究UV-B辐射增强(5.00kJ·m^(-2))对水稻秸秆化学成分及其还田后秸秆降解、土壤氮素转化的影响。结果表明:UV-B辐射增强显著降低水稻秸秆纤维素含量,增加木质素含量,提高秸秆木质素/氮;并导致秸秆纤维素、木质素、总氮的降解速率总体降低,最大降幅分别达38.7%、18.1%、25.8%。与自然光照秸秆相比,UV-B辐射后的秸秆还田显著降低土壤固氮细菌、氨化细菌、硝化细菌和反硝化细菌数量,增加土壤蛋白酶、氨单加氧酶、硝酸还原酶活性,提高土壤硝化和反硝化速率。相关性分析表明,秸秆木质素/氮与秸秆降解速率呈极显著负相关;秸秆纤维素、木质素、总氮降解速率与硝酸还原酶活性呈显著正相关,后者又与N_(2)O排放通量呈显著正相关;硝化细菌数量与NO_(3)^(-)-N含量呈负相关。研究表明,UV-B辐射增强通过提高秸秆木质素/氮,抑制秸秆纤维素、木质素、总氮降解,减少土壤氨化细菌数量,增加氨单加氧酶和硝酸还原酶活性,从而促进土壤NH_(4)^(+)-N向NO_(3)^(-)-N转化,导致N2O排放通量增加。

小麦B淀粉一步酶解产糖优化及酒精发酵

以小麦B淀粉为原料,优化其一步酶解制备可发酵糖的工艺及后续酿酒酵母发酵生产酒精,提高其利用价值。首先对小麦B淀粉基本组分含量进行测定,其次使用α-淀粉酶和糖化酶组成复合酶对小麦B淀粉进行一步酶解制备可发酵糖,详细考察复合酶用量、料液比、酶解温度、酶解时间及pH对还原糖得率影响,对以上参数进行正交优化,获得酶解最佳工艺条件,最后利用酿酒酵母发酵所得酶解糖液生产酒精。结果表明,小麦B淀粉中淀粉含量85.61%,蛋白质和灰分含量都达到2%左右,戊聚糖含量接近5%,通过正交优化确定酶解产糖最佳条件为复合酶用量4 mL,料液比1:25 g/mL,酶解温度60℃,酶解时间10 h,pH5.0,在此条件下还原糖得率达到94.6%。利用酵母发酵产酒精,最终酒精浓度达到12.76 g/L,酒精原料得率为31.90%。本研究为小麦B淀粉制备酒精工艺提供参考。

增强UV-B辐射对“台农一号”杧果果实品质及其抗氧化酶防御系统的影响

为了探究增强UV-B辐射处理对杧果Mangifera indica L.果实品质及其抗氧化酶防御系统的影响,选择生长健壮的“台农一号”杧果成年树为试验材料,设置96 kJ·m^(-2)·d^(-1)增强UV-B辐射处理,以自然光为对照,连续两年进行田间试验,测定比较不同花后时间两个处理的果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸含量,果肉活性氧含量及抗氧化酶活性等生理生化指标。结果表明,在2021—2022及2022—2023年度,增强UV-B辐射处理后期抑制果实可溶性糖积累,减缓可滴定酸含量下降,使成熟期果实糖酸比比对照(自然光)显著下降,导致果实主要风味品质变差;增强UV-B辐射处理的果肉相对电导率和丙二醛含量显著高于对照(自然光)。增强UV-B辐射处理的过氧化氢和超氧阴离子含量在后期快速积累并显著高于对照(自然光),羟自由基清除率显著低于对照(自然光)。过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性随增强UV-B辐射处理时间延长总体呈下降趋势,过氧化氢酶活性在增强UV-B辐射处理后期显著高于对照(自然光)。说明增强UV-B辐射处理在果实膨大前期通过增强抗氧化防御酶活性而清除活性氧自由基,缓解增强UV-B辐射造成的损伤;在果实膨大后期或成熟期抗氧化酶活性下降,造成果实中活性氧自由基积累增加,引起果实活性氧损伤,导致果实品质变劣。

基于UBA2/PTEN/PI3K/Akt通路探讨蔓荆子黄素对结直肠癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响

目的 基于泛素样修饰激活酶2(UBA2)/磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)/磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)通路探究蔓荆子黄素对结直肠癌SW480细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。方法 取对数生长期的SW480细胞,对照组细胞常规培养,蔓荆子黄素组细胞加入10μmol/L蔓荆子黄素培养,UBA2抑制剂组细胞加入0.5μmol/L UBA2抑制剂培养,蔓荆子黄素+UBA2抑制剂组细胞加入10μmol/L蔓荆子黄素和0.5μmol/L UBA2抑制剂共培养。CCK-8实验检测细胞增殖情况,克隆形成实验观察细胞的单克隆形成能力,划痕实验观察细胞的迁移能力,Transwell实验观察细胞的侵袭能力,Western blot法检测细胞中UBA2/PTEN/PI3K/Akt通路相关蛋白表达情况。结果 CCK-8实验和克隆形成实验显示,UBA2抑制剂组和蔓荆子黄素+UBA2抑制剂组培养72 h后的细胞增殖吸光度OD值明显低于蔓荆子黄素组(P均<0.05),细胞克隆形成数量均明显少于蔓荆子黄素组(P均<0.05),UBA2抑制剂组和蔓荆子黄素+UBA2抑制剂组培养不同时间的细胞增殖吸光度OD值和细胞克隆形成数量比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。划痕实验和Transwell实验显示,UBA2抑制剂组和蔓荆子黄素+UBA2抑制剂组划痕间距均明显宽于蔓荆子黄素组(P均<0.05),穿膜细胞数量均明显少于蔓荆子黄素组(P均<0.05),UBA2抑制剂组和蔓荆子黄素+UBA2抑制剂组比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。蔓荆子黄素组、UBA2抑制剂组和蔓荆子黄素+UBA2抑制剂组细胞中PTEN蛋白相对表达量均明显高于对照组(P均<0.05),UBA2、p-PI3K、p-Akt蛋白相对表达量均明显低于对照组(P均<0.05);UBA2抑制剂组和蔓荆子黄素+UBA2抑制剂组细胞中PTEN蛋白相对表达量均明显高于蔓荆子黄素组(P均<0.05),UBA2、p-PI3K、p-Akt蛋白相对表达量均明显低于蔓荆子黄素组(P均<0.05),UBA2抑制剂组和蔓荆子黄素+UBA2抑制剂组UBA2、PTEN、p-PI3K、p-Akt蛋白相对表达量比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论 蔓荆子黄素可能通过抑制UBA2/PTEN/PI3K/Akt信号通路发挥抗结直肠癌SW480细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的能力。

Inhibition of human cytochrome CYP1B1 by anthraquinone compounds,chrysophanol and physcion

The in vitro inhibitory effects of chrysophanol and physcion on CYP1B1 were explored,utilizing ethoxyresorufin as the substrate.The inhibition kinetics of CYP1B1 by these compounds were assessed with escalating doses of ethoxyresorufin.Both chrysophanol(IC_(50)(0.47±0.01)μmol·L^(-1))and physcion(IC_(50)(0.35±0.02)μmol·L^(-1))significantly reduce the catalytic efficiency of CYP1B1.The V_(max)and K_(m)values are determined to be(51.9912±10.0547)pmol·μg^(-1)(protein)·min^(-1) and(0.9663±0.2987)nmol·L^(-1)for chrysophanol,and(45.4227±1.9978)pmol·μg^(-1)(protein)·min^(-1) and(0.4367±0.0386)nmol·L^(-1)for physcion,respectively.Kinetic analysis reveals that chrysophanol and physcion exert mixed inhibitory effects on CYP1B1.This mixed inhibition is primarily characterized by the compounds’ability to competitively bind to the active sites of CYP1B1,as well as potentially through non-competitive mechanisms,thereby reducing the enzyme’s catalytic efficiency.Molecular docking studies are conducted to elucidate the interaction between anthraquinone derivatives and CYP1B1,indicating that these compounds may inhibit CYP1B1 activity by binding to their active sites.The demonstrated capacity of chrysophanol and physcion to inhibit CYP1B1 enzymatic function unveils a potential anticancer mechanism,advancing our comprehension of how the structure of anthraquinone derivatives correlates with CYP1B1 inhibition and paving the way for developing innovative cancer treatments.

UV-B辐射对滇黄精幼苗生长、抗性生理及代谢物的影响

为探究滇黄精幼苗对UV-B辐射的生理响应机制,以两年生药用植物滇黄精为材料,在540 mw/cm^(2)的UV-B辐射强度下,以5 d为一个周期,分别测定处理了0~25 d后的滇黄精幼苗的生物量、抗氧化酶活性、MDA、类黄酮的含量.结果表明:在UV-B辐射下,滇黄精幼苗的株高与叶绿素含量呈下降趋势,并随着辐射时间延长,影响效果更明显,UV-B辐射对POD、SOD活性的影响呈升高趋势,在UV-B辐射中期,相较于CK显著升高.对MDA含量的影响呈现先升高后降低的趋势.滇黄精叶片中类胡萝卜素含量及叶片和块茎中类黄酮含量也随着辐射时间的延长而增加.因此,UV-B辐射处理可抑制滇黄精幼苗的生长,使其抗氧化酶活性以及类黄酮含量显著增加,从而增强滇黄精对UV-B辐射的抗性,对植株起到保护作用.

APOBEC3G对HBV复制的影响及转录组学分析

目的:基于转录组测序和生物信息学分析对(APOBEC)亚家族(APOBEC3G A3G)参与抑制乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)复制的潜在分子机制及下游信号通路预测。方法:将A3G与HBV的表达质粒(A3G组)、GFP与HBV的表达质粒(HBV组)以及空载质粒(Vector组)分别转染于Huh7细胞中,3 d后收集细胞并提取RNA进行转录组测序,检测样本中mRNA的表达情况。采用DESeq软件对基因的表达水平进行差异分析筛选出差异表达基因,通过对差异基因进行GO富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析,确定差异基因行使的主要功能和参与的通路,同时依据STRING数据库进行蛋白质-蛋白质互相作用(PPI)分析,构建蛋白互作网络,以寻找目的基因之间的相互关系及关键节点蛋白。结果:A3G组和HBV组相比,筛选出21个显著差异基因;GO富集分析显示的项目包括脂蛋白B mRNA编辑酶复合物的形成、EH结构域的结合、中胚层细胞命运规范的BMP信号传导途径等;KEGG通路富集分析显示可能与内吞作用和坏死相关;PPI网络发现了NOXA1、LSM10、RNF103-CHMP3等5个关键蛋白及其互作蛋白。HBV组和Vector组相比,筛选出42个显著差异基因;GO富集分析显示的项目包括离子通道活性、多种酶活性和膜成分等相关;KEGG通路富集分析显示与多种物质的代谢反应和p53信号传导等相关;PPI网络发现了UBD、CCND3、RHOD等15个关键蛋白及其互作蛋白。结论:通过转录组测序和生物信息学分析,探究A3G抑制HBV复制的潜在下游分子,丰富了A3G抑制HBV复制的机制研究。

多黏菌素B和米诺环素对鲍曼不动杆菌的体外抗菌活性检验研究

目的 探究多黏菌素B和米诺环素对鲍曼不动杆菌的体外抗菌活性。方法 择取2021年1月至2023年1月本院80例鲍曼不动杆菌感染患者深入分析,均采用多黏菌素B、米诺环素检验鲍曼不动杆菌,分析体外抗菌活性。结果 鲍曼不动杆菌产酶类型有产金属β内酰胺酶(MBLs)、质粒型AmpC酶、诱导型AmpC酶。鲍曼不动杆菌产MBLs阳性例数为75例,阳性率为93.75%;产质粒型AmpC酶阳性例数为35例,阳性率为43.75%;产诱导型AmpC酶阳性例数为30例,阳性率为37.50%。多黏菌素B产MBLs型、产质粒型AmpC型、产诱导型AmpC酶鲍曼不动杆菌最低抑菌浓度(MIC)范围、MIC50、MIC90低于米诺环素,抑菌率较米诺环素高(P<0.05)。结论 在对鲍曼不动杆菌检测时,多黏菌素B与米诺环素相比,米诺环素活性更强。

平喘宁调节IRE-1α-XBP-1s信号轴干预哮喘大鼠气道炎症的机制研究

目的:探究平喘宁对哮喘大鼠气道炎症的防治作用及机制。方法:将105只雄性SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常组、模型组、地塞米松组、桂龙咳喘宁组、平喘宁高剂量组、平喘宁中剂量组、平喘宁低剂量组,每组15只。以卵清蛋白联合氢氧化铝复制大鼠哮喘模型,造模21 d后,各给药组分别灌胃给予相应药物,正常组、模型组灌胃给予等体积的生理盐水,1次/d,连续4周。4周后,在进行哮喘激发试验后2 h内解剖大鼠并取出肺组织,收集支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)。HE染色观察肺组织中平滑肌厚度、炎症细胞浸润程度等相应病理的改变;ELISA法检测BALF中IL-5、IL-17水平;RT-qPCR法检测肺组织IRE-1αmRNA、XBP-1s mRNA、NF-κB p65 mRNA、Hgsnat mRNA、Pdgfrb mRNA、Scara3 mRNA相对表达量;Western blotting法检测肺组织中IRE-1α、XBP-1s、NF-κB p65蛋白相对表达量。结果:HE染色结果显示,与模型组比较,各给药组(平喘宁低剂量组、平喘宁中剂量组、平喘宁高剂量组、地塞米松组、桂龙咳喘宁组)大鼠肺组织病理情况都有不同程度的缓解。ELISA结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠BALF中IL-5、IL-17水平均明显升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各给药组大鼠BALF中IL-5、IL-17水平均明显降低(P<0.01),且平喘宁具有剂量依赖性;平喘宁低、中剂量组大鼠BALF中IL-5、IL-17水平均高于地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.01);平喘宁高剂量组大鼠BALF中IL-5水平明显高于地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.01),而IL-17水平与地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。RT-qPCR结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肺组织IRE-1αmRNA、XBP-1s mRNA、NF-κB p65 mRNA相对表达量均明显升高(P<0.01),Hgsnat mRNA、Pdgfrb mRNA、Scara3 mRNA相对表达量均明显降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各给药组大鼠肺组织IRE-1αmRNA、XBP-1s mRNA、NF-κB p65 mRNA相对表达量均明显降低(P<0.01),Hgsnat mRNA、Pdgfrb mRNA、Scara3 mRNA相对表达量均明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);平喘宁低剂量组大鼠肺组织IRE-1αmRNA、XBP-1s mRNA、NF-κB p65 mRNA相对表达量均明显高于地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.01),Hgsnat mRNA、Pdgfrb mRNA、Scara3 mRNA相对表达量均明显低于地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.01);平喘宁中剂量组大鼠肺组织XBP-1s mRNA、NF-κB p65 mRNA相对表达量均明显高于地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.01),Hgsnat mRNA、Pdgfrb mRNA、Scara3 mRNA相对表达量均明显低于地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.05或P<0.01),而IRE-1αmRNA相对表达量与地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);平喘宁高剂量组大鼠肺组织IRE-1αmRNA相对表达量均明显低于地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.01),而Hgsnat mRNA、Pdgfrb mRNA相对表达量均明显高于地塞米松组(P<0.01);平喘宁高剂量组Hgsnat mRNA、Pdgfrb mRNA相对表达量与桂龙咳喘宁组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),XBP-1s mRNA、NF-κB p65 mRNA、Scara3 mRNA与地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Western blotting结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肺组织IRE-1α、XBP-1s、NF-κB p65蛋白相对表达量均明显升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各给药组大鼠肺组织IRE-1α、XBP-1s、NF-κB p65蛋白相对表达量均明显降低(P<0.01);平喘宁低剂量组大鼠肺组织IRE-1α、XBP-1s、NF-κB p65蛋白相对表达量均明显高于地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.01);平喘宁中剂量组大鼠肺组织XBP-1s、NF-κB p65蛋白相对表达量均明显高于地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.05或P<0.01),IRE-1α蛋白相对表达量明显高于桂龙咳喘宁组(P<0.05),而IRE-1α蛋白相对表达量与地塞米松组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);平喘宁高剂量组大鼠肺组织IRE-1α、XBP-1s、NF-κB p65蛋白相对表达量与地塞米松组和桂龙咳喘宁组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:平喘宁可通过调节IRE-1α-XBP-1s信号轴改善OVA诱导的哮喘大鼠气道炎症性损伤。

急性胰腺炎患儿血清ACE2、ApoB/A1比值与病情程度及预后的关系

目的研究急性胰腺炎(AP)患儿血清血管紧张素转化酶2(ACE2)、载脂蛋白B/A1(ApoB/A1)比值与病情程度及预后的关系。方法选取2021年4月—2023年10月116例AP患儿,其中轻中症69例、重症47例。比较不同病情程度患儿血清ACE2、ApoB/A1比值及病情程度相关评分[急性胰腺炎严重程度床边指数(BISAP)、Ranson评分、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)];分析血清ACE2、ApoB/A1比值与病情程度评分的相关性;统计116例患儿预后,比较不同预后患儿血清ACE2、ApoB/A1比值,采用相对危险度分析血清ACE2、ApoB/A1比值对AP患儿预后不良风险的影响;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价血清ACE2、ApoB/A1比值对AP患儿预后的预测价值。结果轻中症组血清ACE2水平较重症组高,ApoB/A1比值及BISAP、Ranson、APACHEⅡ评分均低于重症组(P<0.01)。Pearson相关性分析显示,AP患儿血清ACE2水平均与BISAP、APACHEⅡ、Ranson评分呈负相关,ApoB/A1比值均与BISAP、Ranson、APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(P<0.01)。预后不良患儿血清ApoB/A1比值高于预后良好患儿,ACE2水平低于预后良好患儿(P<0.05)。血清ACE2低水平亚组预后不良风险是高水平亚组的4.667(95%CI:1.416,15.380)倍;ApoB/A1比值高水平亚组预后不良风险是低水平亚组的3.250(95%CI:1.126,9.380)倍。ROC曲线显示,血清ACE2、ApoB/A1比值联合预测AP患儿预后的曲线下面积为0.927,明显高于各指标单独预测。结论血清ACE2、ApoB/A1比值与AP患儿病情程度具有明显相关性,且两项指标联合检测对AP患儿预后有较好预测价值。