Effects of Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction drug serum on gastric antrum smooth muscle cells from rats with functional dyspepsia by regulating gastrointestinal hormones

Objective:To observe the effect and mechanism of Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction(XSLJZD)drug serum on gastric antrum smooth muscle cells(SMCs)in rats with functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods:Gastric antrum SMCs from rats with FD were isolated,cultured,and then divided into six groups as follows:control,model,domperidone,low-dose XSLJZD(LXSLJZD),medium-dose XSLJZD(MXSLJZD),and high-dose XSLJZD(HXSLJZD).Each group was administered the corresponding drug serum for intervention.Drug serum intervention conditions and proliferative activity of SMCs were tested by cholecystokinin octapeptide.Ghrelin,gastrin,somatostatin,and substance P(SP)levels were measured by ELISA.Somatostatin and SP mRNA expression was measured by real-time PCR.Results:A concentration of 10%drug serum for 24 h was decided to be the best intervention condition for later study.The mean optical density value in the model group was lower than that in the control group(P紏.001).Optical density values in the domperidone and HXSLJZD groups were higher than those in the model group(P?.025,P?.032,respectively).Gastrin,SP,and ghrelin levels in the model group were lower(P?.007,P?.037,P?.005,respectively),but somatostatin levels were higher,compared with those in the control group(P?.031).Gastrin,SP,and ghrelin levels in the domperidone,MXSLJZD,and HXSLJZD groups were higher than those in the model group(all P<.05).Somatostatin levels in the four drug-treated groups were lower than those in the model group(P?.002,P?.007,P?.001,P?.009,respectively).SP mRNA levels in the model group were lower than those in the control,domperidone,MXSLJZD,and HXSLJZD groups(P?.037 P?.016,P?.025,P?.002,respectively).Somatostatin mRNA levels in the model group were higher than those in the control and MXSLJZD groups(P紏.042,P紏.035).Conclusions:XSLJZD and domperidone drug serum effectively promote proliferative activity of gastric antrum SMCs in an FD model.The mechanism of this activity may be regulated by gastrointestinal hormones.

Effects of extract F of red-rooted Salvia on mucosal lesions of gastric corpus and antrum induced by hemorrhagic shock-reperfusion in rats

AIM: To compare the effects of extract F of red-rooted Salvia (EFRRS) on mucosal lesions of gastric corpus and antrum induced by hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion in rats. METHODS: The rats were subject to hemorrhagic shock and followed by reperfusion, and were divided randomly into two groups. Group 1 received saline, and group 2 received EFRRS intravenously. The index of gastric mucosal lesions (IGML) was expressed as the percentage of lesional area in the corpus or antrum. The degree of gastric mucosal lesions (DGML) was catalogued grade 0,1,2 and 3. The concentrations of prostaglandins (PGs) were measured by radioimmunoassay. The concentration of MDA was measured according to the procedures of Asakawa. The activity of SOD was measured by the biochemical way. The growth rates or inhibitory rates of above-mentioned parameters were calculated. RESULTS: As compared with IGML (%), grade 3 damage (%) and MDA content (nmol/g tissue) of gastric antrum which were respectively 7.96 +/- 0.59, 34.86 +/- 4.96 and 156.98 +/- 16.12, those of gastric corpus which were respectively 23.18 +/- 6.82, 58.44 +/- 9.07 and 230.56 +/- 19.37 increased markedly (P 【0.01), whereas the grade 0 damage, grade 1 damage, the concentrations of PGE(2) and PGI(2)(pg/mg tissue), the ratio of PGI(2)/TXA(2) and the activity of SOD (U/g tissue) of corpus which were respectively 3.01 +/- 1.01, 8.35 +/- 1.95, 540.48 +/- 182.78, 714.38 +/- 123.74, 17.38 +/- 5.93 and 134.29 +/- 13.35 were markedly lower than those of antrum which were respectively 13.92 +/- 2.25, 26.78 +/- 6.06, 2218.56 +/- 433.12, 2531.76 +/- 492.35, 43.46 +/- 8.51 and 187.45 +/- 17.67 (P【0.01) after hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion.After intravenous EFRRS, the growth rates (%) of grade 0 damage, grade 1 damage, the concentrations of PGE(2) and PGI(2), the ratio of PGI(2)/TXA(2) and the activity of SOD of corpus which were respectively 632.56, 308.62, 40.75, 74.75, 92.29 and 122.25 were higher than those in antrum which were respectively 104.89, 58.40, 11.12, 56.58, 30.65 and 82.64, whereas the inhibitory rates (%) of IGML, grade 3 damage and MDA content of gastric corpus were 82.93, 65.32 and 59.09, being higher than those of gastric antrum which were 76.64, 53.18 and 42.37. CONCLUSION: After hemorrhagic shock reperfusion, the gastric mucosal lesions in the corpus were more severe than those in the antrum, which were related not only to the different distribution of endogenous PGs in the mucosa, but also to the different ability of anti-oxidation of the mucosa. The protective effect of EFRRS on the gastric mucosa in the corpus was more evident than that in the antrum, which was related to higher growth degree of PGs contents and anti-oxitative ability in gastric corpus after administration of EFRRS.

Xiangbinfang granules enhance gastric antrum motility via intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal in mice

BACKGROUND Interdigestive migrating motor complexes(MMC)produce periodic contractions in the gastrointestinal tract,but the exact mechanism of action still remains unclear.Intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC-IM)participate in gastrointestinal hormone and neuromodulation,but the correlation between ICCIM and MMC is also unclear.We found that xiangbinfang granules(XBF)mediated the phase III contraction of MMC.Here,the effects of XBF on gastric antrum motility in W/Wv mice and the effects of ICC-IM on gastric antrum MMC are reported.AIM To observe the effects of ICC-IM on gastric antrum motility and to establish the mechanism of XBF in promoting gastric antrum motility.METHODS The density of c-kit-positive ICC myenteric plexus(ICC-MP)and ICC-IM in the antral muscularis of W/Wv and wild-type(WT)mice was examined by confocal microscopy.The effects of XBF on gastric antrum slow waves in W/Wv and WT mice were recorded by intracellular amplification recording.Micro-strain-gauge force transducers were implanted into the gastric antrum to monitor the MMC and the effect of XBF on gastric antrum motility in conscious W/Wv and WT mice.RESULTS In the gastric antrum of W/Wv mice,c-kit immunoreactivity was significantly reduced,and no ICC-IM network was observed.Spontaneous rhythmic slow waves also appeared in the antrum of W/Wv mice,but the amplitude of the antrum slow wave decreased significantly in W/Wv mice(22.62±2.23 mV vs 2.92±0.52 mV,P<0.0001).MMCs were found in 7 of the 8 WT mice but no complete MMC cycle was found in W/Wv mice.The contractile frequency and amplitude index of the gastric antrum were significantly increased in conscious WT compared to W/Wv mice(frequency,3.53±0.18 cpm vs 1.28±0.12 cpm;amplitude index,23014.26±1798.65 mV·20 min vs 3782.16±407.13 mV·20 min;P<0.0001).XBF depolarized smooth muscle cells of the gastric antrum in WT and W/Wv mice in a dose-dependent manner.Similarly,the gastric antrum motility in WT mice was significantly increased after treatment with XBF 5 mg(P<0.05).Atropine(0.1 mg/kg)blocked the enhancement of XBF in WT and W/Wv mice completely,while tetrodotoxin(0.05 mg/kg)partially inhibited the enhancement by XBF.CONCLUSION ICC-IM participates in the regulation of gastric antrum MMC in mice.XBF induces MMC III-like contractions that enhance gastric antrum motility via ICCIM in mice.

Effects of erythromycin on pressure in pyloric antrum and plasma motilin and somatostatin content in dogs

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Effects of fluoxetine on mast cell morphology and protease-1 expression in gastric antrum in a rat model of depression

AIM: To investigate the effects of fluoxetine on depression-induced changes of mast cell morphology and protease-1 (rMCP-1) expression in rats. METHODS: A Sprague-Dawley rat model of chronic stress-induced depression was established. Fifty experimental rats were randomly divided into the following groups: normal control group, fluoxetine + normal control group, depressed model group, saline + depressed model group, and fluoxetine + depressed model group. Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) immunofluorecence and RT-PCR techniques were used to investigate rMCP-1 expression in gastric antrum. Mast cell morphology was observed under transmission electron microscopy. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis among groups.RESULTS: Morphologic observation indicated that depression induced mast cell proliferation, activation, and granule hyperplasia. Compared with the normal control group, the average immunofluorescence intensity of gastric antrum rMCP-1 significantly increased in depressed model group (37.4 ± 7.7 vs 24.5 ± 5.6, P < 0.01) or saline + depressed model group (39.9 ± 5.0 vs 24.5 ± 5.6, P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between fluoxetine + normal control group (23.1 ± 3.4) or fluoxetine + depressed model group (26.1 ± 3.6) and normal control group.The average level of rMCP-1mRNA of gastric antrum significantly increased in depressed model group (0.759 ± 0.357 vs 0.476 ± 0.029, P < 0.01) or saline + depressed model group (0.781 ± 0.451 vs 0.476 ± 0.029, P < 0.01 ), while no significant difference was found between fluoxetine + normal control group (0.460 ± 0.027) or fluoxetine + depressed model group (0.488 ± 0.030) and normal control group. Fluoxetine showed partial inhibitive effects on mast cell ultrastructural alterations and de-regulated rMCP-1 expression in gastric antrum of the depressed rat model.CONCLUSION: Chronic stress can induce mast cell proliferation, activation, and granule hyperplasia in gastric antrum. Fluoxetine counteracts such changes in the depressed rat model.

Complete resection of the gastric antrum decreased incidence and severity of delayed gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy

Background:Delayed gastric emptying(DGE)is the main complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD),but the mechanism is still unclear.The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of complete resection of the gastric antrum in decreasing incidence and severity of DGE after PD.Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups:expanded resection(ER group),complete resection(CR group),and incomplete resection(IR group)of the gastric antrum.The tension(g)of remnant stomach contraction was observed.We analyzed the histological morphology of the gastric wall by different excisional methods after distal gastrectomy.Moreover,patients underwent PD at our department between January 2012 and May 2016 were included in the study.These cases were divided into IR group and CR group of the gastric antrum,and the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The ex vivo remnant stomachs of CR group exhibited much greater contraction tension than others(P<0.05).The contraction tension of the remnant stomach increased with increasing acetylcholine concentration,while remained stable at the concentration of 10×10^(-5 )mol/L.Furthermore,174 consecutive patients were included and retrospectively analyzed in the study.The incidence of DGE was significantly lower(3.5%vs.21.3%,P<0.01)in CR group than in IR group.In addition,hematoxylin-eosin staining analyses of the gastric wall confirmed that the number of transected circular smooth muscle bundles were higher in IR group than in CR group(8.24±0.65 vs.3.76±0.70,P<0.05).Conclusions:The complete resection of the gastric antrum is associated with decreased incidence and severity of DGE after PD.Gastric electrophysiological and physiopathological disorders caused by damage to gastric smooth muscles might be the mechanism underlying DGE.

Combined antrum and corpus biopsy protocol improves Helicobacter pylori culture success

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)causes chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer disease,gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.Eradication rates have fallen,mainly due to antimicrobial resistance.Consensus guidelines recommend that first-line treatment is based on the local prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and that rescue therapies are guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST).However,H.pylori culture is challenging and culture-based AST is not routinely performed in the majority of hospitals.Optimisation of H.pylori culture from clinical specimens will enable more widespread AST to determine the most appropriate antimicrobials for H.pylori eradication.AIM To determine whether dual antrum and corpus biopsy sampling is superior to single antrum biopsy sampling for H.pylori culture.METHODS The study received ethical approval from the joint research ethics committee of Tallaght University Hospital and St.James’s Hospital.Patients referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were invited to participate.Biopsies were collected in tubes containing Dent’s transport medium and patient demographics were recorded.Biopsies were used to inoculate Colombia blood agar plates.Plates were incubated under microaerobic conditions and evaluated for the presence of H.pylori.Statistical analyses were performed using Graphpad PRISM.Continuous variables were compared using the two-tailed independent t-test.Categorical variables were compared using the two-tailed Fisher exact test.In all cases,a P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS In all,samples from 219 H.pylori-infected patients were analysed in the study.The mean age of recruited patients was 48±14.9 years and 50.7%(n=111)were male.The most common endoscopic finding was gastritis(58.9%;n=129).Gastric ulcer was diagnosed in 4.6%(n=10)of patients,while duodenal ulcer was diagnosed in 2.7%(n=6).Single antrum biopsies were collected from 73 patients,whereas combined antrum and corpus biopsies were collected from 146 patients.There was no significant difference in age,sex or endoscopic findings between the two groups.H.pylori was successfully cultured in a significantly higher number of cases when combined antrum and corpus biopsies were used compared to a single antrum biopsy[64.4%(n=94/146)vs 49.3%(36/73);P=0.04)].CONCLUSION Combined corpus and antrum biopsy sampling improves H.pylori culture success compared to single antrum biopsy sampling.

Chronic Stress Induced Proliferation and Activation of Mast Cells of Gastric Antrum in Rats

To explore chronic eration and activation of mast heterotypic stressors induced prolifcells in gastric antrum mucosa by ultrastructure alterations of mast cells, chronic unpredictable heterotypic stressors were used as a study model. The mean immunofluorescence magnitude of mast cell protease 1 （MCP-1） taken from chronic stress rats were 37.4±7.7, significantly higher （p〈0.05） than the value of normal control group （24.8±5.6）. Chronic unpredictable haterotypic stressors appeared also to induce ultrastructure alterations of mast cells. It indicated that mast cells were proliferated and activated, while mast cell granules were hyperplasiaed. Most granules had obvious intragranular changes with loss of electron-dense material. The morphologic evidence showed that macrophages and leukocytes infiltrated in chronic stress rats. Some granules of leukocytes adhered to the surface of mast cell, and formed a bridge. Macrophages phagocytized the mast cell granules.

Pulmonary vein antrum isolation of pre-excited atrial fibrillation

Background Pulmonary vein antrum isolation （PVAI） of pre-excited atrial fibrillation （AF） is controversial. This study aimed to observe the therapeutic effects of PVAI on pre-excited AF. Methods Twenty-nine patients with pre-excited AF were prospectively divided into a PVAI group （group I, 19 cases） and a control group （group II, 10 cases）. To each case in group I, PVAI was performed, and then electroanatomical mapping of accessory pathways （AP） and ablation were constructed on a three-dimensional （3D） map of the valve annulus. Only AP ablation was performed in each case of group II. Results Of the 29 cases, three were found to have dual APs, two had intermittent APs, and the remaining 24 had single APs. All APs were successfully ablated after the procedure. There were no significant statistical differences in the AP procedure duration （（77.4±21.3） minutes vs. （85.3±13.1） minutes）, the AP ablation time （（204±34） seconds vs. （223±62） seconds） and the AP X-ray exposure time （（18.6±4.4） minutes vs. （19.1±4.5） minutes） respectively between groups I and II. As compared with the control group （5 of 10 cases, 50%）, the PVAI group had a significantly lower AF recurrence rate （2 of 19 cases, 11%; P 〈0.05） during follow-up of （20.5±10.0） months. All seven patients who recurred were successfully abolished by a second ablation. Conclusions In patients with pre-excited AF, PVAI is an effective therapeutic approach with a low AF recurrence rate. 3D electroanatomical maps of AP contributed to the high success rate of ablation without significantly prolonging of operational duration and X-ray exposure time.

Cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis of animal gastric antrum reveals intense porcine mucosal immunity

As an important part of the stomach,gastric antrum secretes gastrin which can regulate acid secretion and gastric emptying.Although most cell types in the gastric antrum are identified,the comparison of cell composition and gene expression in the gastric antrum among different species are not explored.In this study,we collected antrum epithelial tissues from human,pig,rat and mouse for scRNA-seq and compared cell types and gene expression among species.In pig antral epithelium,we identified a novel cell cluster,which is marked by high expression of AQP5,F3,CLCA1 and RRAD.We also discovered that the porcine antral epithelium has stronger immune function than the other species.Further analysis revealed that this may be due to the insufficient function of porcine immune cells.Together,our results replenish the information of multiple species of gastric antral epithelium at the single cell level and provide resources for understanding the homeostasis maintenance and regeneration of gastric antrum epithelium.

胃窦部幽门螺杆菌活检检测情况的临床分析

目的分析胃窦部不同部位幽门螺杆菌(Hp)检测情况,为寻找Hp最佳活检部位提供临床指导依据。方法回顾性分析2020年1月-2022年12月承德市中心医院行13C尿素呼气试验并行电子胃镜检查,于胃窦部位取活检的患者的临床资料,按超基准值(DOB)分为:13C尿素呼气试验阳性组(DOB≥4)和13C尿素呼气试验阴性组(DOB<4),收集患者的胃镜报告和病理资料。根据患者胃窦部不同活检部位,分为:常规活检部位组、隆起糜烂部位组和平坦糜烂部位组,比较不同活检部位Hp的检出率。将13C尿素呼气试验阳性组按DOB值的情况,分为:A组(4<DOB≤16)、B组(16<DOB≤35)和C组(DOB>35),并分类统计每组患者胃窦部活检及病理情况。结合患者内镜报告和病理资料,分为:萎缩性胃炎组和非萎缩性胃炎组,分类统计胃窦部活检及病理情况。结果13C尿素呼气试验阳性组中,隆起糜烂部位组Hp检出率(96.4%)高于常规活检部位组(92.7%)和平坦糜烂部位组(93.9%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.036);DOB值方面,A组中,隆起糜烂部位组Hp检出率最高,常规活检部位组Hp检出率最低,3个活检部位Hp检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.016);B组和C组3个活检部位Hp检出率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P=0.622;P=0.721);非萎缩性胃炎组中,隆起糜烂部位组Hp检出率(96.5%)高于常规活检部位组(91.2%)和平坦糜烂部位组(92.0%),3个活检部位组Hp检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.043);萎缩性胃炎组中,3个活检部位组Hp检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.614)。13C尿素呼气试验阴性组中,3个活检部位Hp检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.255)。结论对于13C尿素呼气试验阳性但DOB值较低的患者,隆起糜烂部位Hp的阳性率更高。对于非萎缩性胃炎患者而言,与常规活检部位相比,隆起糜烂部位Hp的检出率更高;但对于萎缩性胃炎患者而言,胃窦部不同部位的Hp检出率差异不大。对于13C尿素呼气试验阴性患者而言,3个活检部位Hp检出率无明显差异。临床工作中,对于类似的患者,可以精准活检,以提高Hp的检出率。

柴胡皂苷调节HIF-1α/BNIP3信号通路抑制线粒体自噬治疗肝胃不和型功能性消化不良大鼠

目的探究柴胡皂苷调节缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α/腺病毒E1B相互作用蛋白3(BNIP3)信号通路对肝胃不和型功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD)大鼠胃窦组织线粒体自噬的影响。方法采用复合因素法构建肝胃不和型FD大鼠模型,随机分为空白组、模型组、吗丁啉组、柴胡皂苷低、中、高剂量组,其中吗丁啉组以2.7 mg·kg^(-1)吗丁啉灌胃,柴胡皂苷低、中、高剂量组分别腹腔注射2、4、8 mg·kg^(-1)柴胡皂苷,模型组和空白组给予相同剂量生理盐水灌胃和腹腔注射,连续干预7 d。观察各组大鼠胃肠功能:胃排空率、小肠推进率,ELISA法检测血清胃动素(MTL)、胃泌素(GAS)含量,HE染色观察胃窦组织病理变化,透射电镜观察胃窦组织线粒体结构,试剂盒检测ROS、MDA、SOD水平,Western blot检测胃窦组织线粒体LC3、Beclin1、p62、HIF-1α、BNIP3蛋白表达。结果与空白组相比,模型组大鼠胃窦组织少量炎性细胞浸润,线粒体肿胀、变形,出现大量自噬体,胃排空率、小肠推进率、MTL、GAS、SOD、P62降低,ROS、MDA水平、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、Beclin1、HIF-1α、BNIP3蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,吗丁啉组和柴胡皂苷低、中、高剂量组胃窦组织症状明显改善,线粒体嵴清晰,自噬体减少,胃排空率、小肠推进率、MTL、GAS、SOD、p62升高,ROS、MDA水平、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、Beclin1、HIF-1α、BNIP3蛋白表达降低(P<0.05)。结论柴胡皂苷能够改善肝胃不和型FD大鼠肠胃功能,抑制线粒体自噬,其作用机制可能与抑制HIF-1α/BNIP3信号通路有关。

床旁胃窦超声评估门诊无痛消化内镜诊疗患者胃内容物的应用价值研究

目的研究床旁胃窦超声用于评估门诊无痛消化内镜诊疗患者胃内容物及反流误吸风险的应用价值。方法选择2021年11月至2022年3月在桂林医学院第二附属医院择期行无痛消化内镜诊疗患者616例,在无痛消化内镜检查前10 min行床旁胃窦超声检查。观察并记录胃内容物性质、Perlas胃窦分级、右侧卧位胃窦横截面积(RLD CSA)、预测胃容积等超声检查结果及麻醉方案改变情况,记录胃镜实际胃容积及胃镜发现饱胃情况。通过Pearson相关分析评估RLD CSA、预测胃容积与实际胃容积的相关性,通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析评估RLD CSA对饱胃的预测价值。结果19例患者未获得典型胃窦超声图像,最终597例患者纳入统计分析。所有患者超声检查时间为(2.9±0.9)min;超声诊断饱胃患者42例(7.0%)。超声诊断饱胃患者均改变麻醉方案,其中4例患者延期,38例患者行普通胃镜检查。胃镜下发现实际饱胃患者31例,其中液体28例,固体3例。所有患者未发生反流误吸。Pearson相关分析显示,RLD CSA、预测胃容积与实际胃容积呈正相关(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,RLD CSA具有预测饱胃的应用价值[AUC(95%CI)=0.926(0.864~0.987),P<0.001],最佳截断值为7.87 cm^(2),对应的灵敏度和特异度分别为96.4%、78.6%。结论床旁胃窦超声可用于评估门诊无痛消化内镜诊疗患者胃内容物及反流误吸风险,可行性强、准确性高,具有良好的临床应用价值。

胃窦超声、AGIUS评分联合注射器回抽法指导老年重症病人肠内营养的疗效研究

目的:探究胃窦超声、胃肠损伤超声(AGIUS)检查评分联合注射器回抽法指导老年重症病人肠内营养(EN)的疗效。方法:随机选取于2022年7月1日至2023年7月1日入住大连市友谊医院重症医学科的老年病人为样本,随机分为实验组及对照组各30例病人,实验组通过每日两次床旁胃窦超声、AGIUS检查评分及每日两次注射器回抽法来指导EN喂养,对照组通过日四次注射器回抽法来指导EN喂养。比较两组鼻饲开始时间和鼻饲7、10、14日达到目标热量情况,鼻饲期间EN并发症发生情况、营养指标改善情况、淋巴细胞总数的差异,比较两组住院天数及28d死亡率的差异。结果:实验组开始鼻饲时间(1.47±0.82)d早于对照组(2.00±0.64)d,具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。实验组EN时的腹泻、腹胀及中断营养发生例数低于对照组(P<0.05),具有统计学差异,但两组误吸例数无明显差异(P>0.05)。鼻饲7、10、14达到目标热量例数实验组均高于对照组,具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。实验组病人在实验10日后检测前白蛋白、白蛋白及转铁蛋白含量均高于对照组,具有统计学差异(均P<0.05)。但两组淋巴细胞总数、住院天数及28d死亡率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:胃窦超声、AGIUS检查评分联合注射器回抽法可使EN开始时间提前,更快达到目标热量,并减少EN并发症发生。

胃窦横截面积指导老年重症患者肠内营养治疗的临床价值

目的探讨应用胃窦横截面积指导老年重症患者肠内营养治疗的临床价值。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月在兰州市第一人民医院重症医学科住院的236例老年(年龄≥65岁)重症患者作为研究对象,根据住院先后顺序设置研究对象序号,采用奇偶数方法进行分组,以奇数作为超声组(118例),以偶数作为常规组(118例)。超声组通过胃窦横截面积来指导肠内营养支持治疗,当胃窦横截面积≥709.2 mm2时,停止肠内营养4 h,再进行胃窦横截面积测量,若<709.2 mm2,再进行肠内营养。常规组通过胃残余量来指导肠内营养支持治疗,当胃残量≥200 ml时,停止肠内营养4 h,再进行胃残量测定,若明显减少,再进行肠内营养。比较两组患者的血清白蛋白、肠内营养量、肠内营养达标时间、住ICU时间、住院总费用、死亡率,并比较两组患者在治疗过程中发生喂养中断率、返流、误吸、腹泻、肝功能不全、消化道出血、肠梗阻的发生率。结果两组患者治疗前的血清白蛋白、肠内营养量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者治疗第7天的血清白蛋白高于本组第5天,第5天的血清白蛋白高于本组第3天,第3天的血清白蛋白高于本组第1天,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);超声组治疗第1、3、5、7天的血清白蛋白高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗第7天的肠内营养量高于本组第5天,第5天的肠内营养量高于第3天,第3天的肠内营养量高于第2天,第2天的肠内营养量高于第1天,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);超声组治疗第1、2、3、5、7天的肠内营养量高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超声组的喂养中断率、肠梗阻发生率、病死率、住院总费用低于常规组,肠内营养量达标时间短于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者反流、误吸、腹泻、肝功能不全、消化道出血的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);超声组的并发症总发生率低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过胃窦横截面积指导老年重症患者肠内营养支持治疗具有重要的临床价值,可更快达到喂养目标,更早改善低蛋白血症,减少喂养中断率,减少各种并发症的发生,减少住院总费用及病死率,为老年重症患者肠内营养支持治疗提供一定的临床理论依据。

胃窦区超声测定在急腹症腹腔镜手术麻醉中的临床应用

目的:分析胃窦区超声测定在急腹症腹腔镜手术麻醉中的临床应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年8月—2023年8月广州市花都区第二人民医院120例急腹症腹腔镜手术麻醉患者的临床资料。根据检测方法不同分为两组,各60例。A组常规禁食禁饮,行急诊腹腔镜手术麻醉。B组同时采用胃窦区超声测定。采用超声测量胃窦横截面(CSA)指导是否采取干预措施,并根据Perlas半定量的3级分级得到3种测量结果将B组分为空胃组、中间胃内容物组、饱胃组。比较两组呕吐发生情况,以及B组中不同患者处理率、延迟手术率、呕吐发生情况。结果:两组麻醉诱导时呕吐发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组麻醉苏醒过程、术后2 h呕吐发生率及总发生率比A组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。空胃组饱胃患者处理率、术后2 h呕吐率低于中间胃内容物组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。空胃组饱胃患者处理率、延迟手术率、术后2 h呕吐发生率低于饱胃组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用胃窦区超声测定可减少急腹症腹腔镜手术麻醉患者的呕吐发生率,降低反流误吸风险,提高麻醉的安全性和可控性。

保留胃窦的调节型双通道消化道重建术对进展期胃癌患者肿瘤标志物水平及营养状态的影响

目的 探讨保留胃窦的调节型双通道消化道重建术对进展期胃癌患者肿瘤标志物水平及营养状态的影响。方法 选取2020年1月至2023年1月收治的100例进展期胃癌患者,将其随机分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组采用全胃切除Roux-en-Y吻合术,观察组采用保留胃窦的调节型双通道消化道重建术。比较两组的治疗效果。结果 术后2周,观察组的癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、糖类抗原72-4(CA72-4)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后2周,观察组的前白蛋白(PA)、白蛋白(ALB)、铁蛋白(SF)水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后2周,两组的胃泌素(GAS)、胆囊收缩素(CCK)水平均降低,但观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 保留胃窦的调节型双通道消化道重建术用于进展期胃癌患者的效果较好,可下调肿瘤标志物水平,改善营养状态。

电针足阳明经穴对胃窦胆囊收缩素受体基因表达的影响

目的 :探讨足阳明经与胃的特异相关性的内在机制。方法 :将 6 0只家兔随机分为A .生理盐水组 ;B .阿托品组 ;C .“足三里”组 (足阳明经 ) ;D .“阳陵泉”组 (足少阳经 ) ;E .“四白”组 (足阳明经 ) ;F .“承筋”组 (足太阳经 )。除A组外 ,各组均静脉滴注阿托品 ,与此同时C～F组分别电针“足三里”“阳陵泉”“四白”及“承筋”穴 2 0min。取胃窦平滑肌组织 ,采用RT PCR方法测上述组织内胆囊收缩素受体基因 (CCKA R mRNA)的表达。结果 :电针足阳明经“足三里”“四白”能上调胃窦组织中CCKA R mRNA的表达 (P <0 0 1 ) ,电针足少阳经“阳陵泉”及足太阳经“承筋”穴则无此效应 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :①CCKA R mRNA表达增强是电针足阳明经穴对胃运动功能产生兴奋作用的内在机制之一 ,针刺足阳明经对胃运动的影响 ,不仅与相关的脑肠肽的释放有关 ,还与其相应受体基因表达的强弱有关 ;②足阳明经与胃相关具有相对特异性。

冰乙酸性大鼠胃溃疡模型制作及溃疡自愈过程中胃窦的组织学观察

目的建立冰乙酸性大鼠胃溃疡模型并观察溃疡胃窦自愈过程中的组织学变化.方法将70只受试大鼠按每组7只随机分为10组,具体为第4天4个观察组(分别是0.01 m1、0.05 ml、0.10 m1冰乙酸组和0.05 ml生理盐水组)和第7、10、14、21、28天各1个观察组及正常对照组.各组大鼠依设计进行相应的处置,对实验大鼠进行外观表现观察、大体和光镜观察.结果注入0.01 ml冰乙酸的大鼠无明显溃疡,注入0.05 m1冰乙酸者出现典型胃窦溃疡,注入0.10 ml冰乙酸组发生胃穿孔.不同时间组大鼠的外观、胃窦大体和光镜观察呈现相应的溃疡表现和溃疡逐渐愈合的表现.结论大鼠胃窦前壁注入0.05 ml冰乙酸可制作典型的胃溃疡,溃疡胃窦粘膜于7～10 d后逐渐再生,14～28 d后逐步愈合.

快充式经鼻湿化高流量通气对肥胖患者全麻诱导期胃进气的影响:基于超声评估的90例前瞻性临床试验

目的通过超声实时监测胃窦进气情况,评估快充式经鼻湿化高流量通气(THRIVE)在全身麻醉诱导时对肥胖患者胃进气的影响。方法纳入90例于全麻下行腹腔镜胆囊手术的肥胖患者,BMI:30~39.9 kg/m2,随机分为面罩组(M组)、快充式经鼻湿化高流量通气(THRIVE)组(T组)、面罩复合THRIVE组(M+T组),30例/组。全麻诱导期,M组经面罩预给氧并在诱导给药后行面罩辅助通气(FMV);T组经THRIVE给氧;M+T组经面罩复合THRIVE预给氧,于诱导给药后行FMV复合THRIVE给氧。气管插管期,T组及M+T组患者接受THRIVE持续给氧。超声监测各患者胃窦部,超声图像出现“彗尾征”则定义为胃进气阳性(GI+)。测量预给氧前后以及插管后的胃窦部横截面积(CSA-GA),记录T1(入室)、T2(预充氧5 min后)、T3(诱导给药5 min后)、T4(插管后即刻)各时点脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2)、血氧分压(PaO2)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)及术后恶心呕吐等不良事件发生率。结果与T组比较,M和M+T组胃进气发生率显著增加(P<0.05)。与T1时间点比较,M组和M+T组CSA-GA在T4时间点显著增加;与T1时间点比较,M组和M+T组的GI+亚组CSA-GA在T4时间点均显著增加;在T4时间点,M组和M+T组的GI+亚组CSA-GA大于本组GI-亚组(P<0.05)。T组各时间点的CSA-GA无统计学差异(P>0.05)。腔镜直视下胃胀分级结果提示,与T组比较,M组和M+T组腔镜直视下胃胀分级Ⅰ°患者占比例显著减少,Ⅱ°患者占比例显著增加(P<0.05)。窒息插管期(即T3~T4),M组PaO2变化值(ΔPaO2)显著大于T组和M+T组(P<0.05)。结论超声监测观察胃窦部“彗尾征”及CSA-GA变化是一种可行、可靠的胃进气检测方法;而THRIVE用于肥胖病例的麻醉诱导能够在保证患者氧合的情况下不会进一步增加胃进气。