Research Progress on Authenticity Formation of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

By analyzing the key factors affecting the authenticity of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,this paper focuses on summarizing the research progress of environmental factors(light,temperature,water content,soil),genetic factors and other factors,in order to ensure the quality of S.baicalensis Georgi,find potential suitable areas of S.baicalensis Georgi,and further promote the sustainable development of Chinese medicine resources.

Community Authenticity Experience of Shared Accommodation Consumers

By constructing a research framework of theoretical concepts such as leisure involvement, authenticity experience, place attachment, and willingness to revisit, the aim is to explore the authenticity experience and its influencing mechanisms in shared accommodation consumption. Research data are collected by using questionnaire survey method, and statistical analysis of data is conducted using SPSS 21.0. Research has found that leisure involvement has a significant positive impact on authenticity experience, place attachment, and willingness to revisit;authenticity experience has a significant positive impact on place attachment and willingness to revisit;place attachment has a significant positive impact on willingness to revisit. Therefore, shared accommodation owners need to strengthen the editing and publishing of leisure strategies on we media to enhance customers sense of leisure involvement;pay attention to enhancing the local authentic cultural experience of tenants, in order to increase their sense of attachment to the place and thereby enhance their willingness to stay.

Mapping the Child’s Grey Interior:Authenticity of Plague Narrative in The Great Plague

The Great Plague:The Diary of Alice Paynton,London 1665-1666 adopts the realistic painting style and direct writing to the painful experience,describes the situation of the Great Plague in London truly from the perspective of children,and breaks people’s cognitive expectation of children’s literature,the construction of children’s Gray inner world is completed behind the true description of the Great Plague in London with the true brushwork,which presents a different world of childlike innocence.Despite the importance of epidemics writing in literature,the child’s diary perspective of them is one of the least developed of Plague Narrative.Only when authenticity and the child’s grey interior are integrated will we reveal a true picture of society as it was.

Differential distribution of authenticity results of different varieties of refined honey based on stable isotope ratio method

Objective Using the stable isotope ratio method for the authenticity identification and variety identification of refined honey.Methods In this paper,a total of 17 samples of different varieties of refined honey were used to obtain refined honey proteins by precipitation with sodium tungstate solution and sulphuric acid solution.The isotope mass spectrometer was used to simultaneously detect theδ^(13)C values of refined honey proteins and refined honey as well as theδ^(18)O andδ^(2)H values of refined honey,processed of the results obtained,analysed the authenticity of the samples and conduct a variety identification study.Results Tested of the resulting honey samples,the results showed that four batches of refined honey did not up to standard,two batches of C-4 vegetable syrup were detected as adulterated,and two batches of protein were not detected.Theδ^(18)O andδ^(2)H values of refined honey were also found to be effective in distinguishing the varietal origin of refined honey to a certain extent.Conclusions The stable isotope ratio method is useful in the authenticity identification of refined honey,and provides new ideas to further promote the authenticity of refined honey and variety identification research.

Optimization of SSR Reaction System for Identifying the Authenticity of Maize Hybrids

[Objective]The aim was to optimize SSR reaction system applied in the identification of authenticity of maize variety.[Method]The technical parameters of SSR including PCR reaction system,annealing temperature and electrophoresis time were optimized to identify 10 major maize varieties in Liaoning Province.[Result]The optimum PCR reaction system was：14.60 μl sterile ultrapure water,2.00 μl 10 × Buffer（Mg2＋）,1.20 μl dNTPs,0.20 μl Taq enzyme,0.50 μl each of the forward and reverse primers and1.00 μl DNA stock solution.Annealing temperature and electrophoresis time could greatly influence the results of PCR amplification.The optimal annealing temperature and electrophoresis time required for the ideal electrophoresis bands under the same conditions were different when different primers were used.[Conclusion]The system was feasible to be applied in rapid identification of authenticity of hybrid maize varieties.

Empirical Research on Tourism Authenticity of Ancient Cultural City——A Case Study of Lijiang Ancient City in China

On the basis of tourism authenticity theory and field investigation and analysis of Lijiang ancient city, the paper had explored tourists' tourism authenticity, and further revealed the inner relation between tourism authenticity and tourism motivation of ancient cultural cities. It was found that ancient cultural cities generally had the highest objective authenticity, followed by existential, constructive and post-modern authenticity. As for tourism motivation, motivation of knowledge function, of reward maximization, of punishment minimization, of self-esteem and of self-fulfillment presented to diminish progressively. Relationships between four types of tourism authenticity and five types of tourism motivations also varied from each other. It had enriched empirical quantitative research results of domestic tourism authenticity in theory, and provided application value for the research on realistic tourism market and planning activity based on tourists in practice.

On Authenticity of IELTS Listening Module and Enlightenment on CET

As to language testing researches,authenticity has always been the main concern.Based on the theories and previous researches of authenticity in language testing,this article studies the authenticity of listening module of IELTS from three perspectives-testing materials,testing tasks and testing situations.It is indicated that the materials in IELTS listening module cover a wide range of academic life,employing different English accents and natural pauses and hesitation;the testing tasks are authentic to satisfy test-takers' need in the future;the testing situations are close to the real life.From the implication of IELTS,some suggestions are put forward for CET from those three aspects mentioned.

Authenticity in English Language Teaching

Based on an analysis of the deficiency of the traditional ELT in authenticity, this paper puts forward some sug-gestions about how to make our ELT classroom more authentic.

Application of Authenticity Theory on the Design of Listening Tests

The methods for designing listening comprehension tests appeared in recent years will be also reviewed.For each kind of testing method,no matter what its scale and how its importance,can influence teaching and learning in varied range.Therefore,to discuss how to use the principle of authenticity to improve and ensure the reliability and validity of test can create a positive effect on teaching and learning.

Geographical authenticity evaluation of Mentha haplocalyx by LIBS coupled with multivariate analyzes

Mentha haplocalyx(mint)is a significant traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)listed in the Catalogue of’Medicinal and Food Homology’,therefore,its geographical origins(GOs)are critical to the medicinal and food value.Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)is an advanced analytical technique for GOs certification,due to the fast multi-elemental analysis requiring minimal sample pretreatment.In this study,LIBS data of sampled mint from five GOs were investigated by LIBS coupled with multivariate statistical analyzes.The spectral data was analyzed by two chemometric algorithms,i.e.principal component analysis(PCA)and least squares support vector machines(LS-SVM).Specifically,the performance of LS-SVM with least kernel and radial basis function(RBF)kernel was explored in sensitivity and robustness tests.Both LS-SVM algorithms exhibited excellent performance of classification in sensitive test and good performance(a little inferior)in robustness test.Generally,LS-SVM with linear kernel equally outperformed LS-SVM based on RBF kernel.The result indicated the potential for future applications in herbs and food,especially for in situ GOs applications of TCM authenticity rapidly.

Distance decay of place attachment and perceived authenticity of mountain tourism destinations in China

Place attachment has been a research focus in the fields of park and recreation management.Place attachment plays an important role in promoting sustainable development of parks and mountain tourism destination,however,there are limited studies that identified the spatial patterns of place attachment,especially in the context of mountain tourism destinations in China.Also,the geospatial spectrum of visitors is usually broad,examining the multivariate relationships among spatial proximity,perceived authenticity,and place attachment are essential for mountain tourism destinations to promote destination image and strengthen emotional bonding with targeted visitor groups.In this study,we selected an iconic and highly visited park,Jiuzhai Valley National Park in China,as our study site and conducted an on-site visitor survey to collect 557 samples.Study uses factor analysis and the structure equation model to analyze the relationship among spatial proximity,perceived authenticity,and place attachment.Results validate the two-dimension structure of place attachment and perceived authenticity.Study findings suggest that spatial proximity has significant impacts on existential authenticity and place identity,but has no significant impacts on place dependence.Perceived authenticity has a positive impact on place attachment.Study results advance the theories of place attachment and provide effective strategies to enhance emotional attachment between visitors and mountain tourism destinations.

Authenticity Protection of Agricultural Landscapes in Rural Tourism Development

With the rapid development of the economy, people’s living standards have been improved constantly. As people’s material life has been gradually improved, people pay more attention to the pursuit of high-quality spiritual life, and the flourishing development of rural tourism just meets people’s pursuit about returning to nature that is far away from the hustle and bustle of the city, and about experiencing funny and quiet life in the countryside. The development of rural tourism relies on agricultural landscape resources, and the correct understanding and protection of the original value of agricultural landscape resources can effectively ensure the sustainable use of agricultural landscape resources. If land for agricultural landscape resource is occupied for developing blindly without reasonable planning and construction, it will lead to the distortion of the authentic value of agricultural landscape, which in turn affects the sustainable development of rural tourism.

Studies on the Authenticity of Local Wines by Spectroscopic and Chemometric Analysis

The authenticity of 91 wines produced in Cyprus from both indigenous and other vine varieties were investigated by a holistic approach, using, advanced technology such as SNIF-NMR （site-specific natural isotopic fractionation-nuclear magnetic resonance） and 1R-MS （isotope ratio-mass spectrometry） for the determination of the stable isotopes and ICP （inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy） for some heavy metals. The spectroscopic characteristics were evaluated statistically using different chemometric methods. The dependency of the D/H （deuterium/hydrogen） ratio of the methylene site in the ethanol molecule （D/H）ll and also theδ ^18O values of the wine water, were the most useful discriminators. Isotopic results allow us to have a complete idea about the regional variability of the isotopes. Among the metals, Ni followed by Pb was the ones with the highest discrimination value. The determined concentrations of Pb, Ni, Cr and Cd that are related to the safety of wines were within the acceptable limits that have been established by the OIV （international organization of vine and wine） or comparable with the results of the wines of other European countries. The study of the correlation between the load of heavy metals and isotopes in wines showed a dependence on the grape variety but not the geographical location of the vineyard. This is probably due to the close proximity of wine regions in Cyprus.

Authenticity in business English assessment

Authenticity is an important issue in language testing. Business English （BE） assessment should focus more on authenticity in order to reflect the characteristics and changing teaching methods of BE. This paper explores the idea of authenticity and uses real examples to show how to set criteria, and how to design authentic tasks to achieve authentic BE assessment.

Study of the Authenticity and Credibility of QQ Chat Records

Digital evidence investigation in QQ software is the current research focus.In order to identify the authenticity and credibility of QQ chat records,the method based on attacking QQ chat records is proposed.Firstly,an evaluation model on checking the authenticity of QQ chat records is proposed.The cases on kinds of changing QQ chat records are discussed.The challenge in identifying the authenticity of QQ chat records is raised.Secondly,case study on attacking QQ chat records is proposed to check the relationship between the authenticity of QQ chat records and the difficulty of changing them.A couple of experiments on changing QQ chat records are finished to find how difficult changing records is and whether there are clues left on changing them or not.Finally,a kind of QQ chat forensic process is presented,which can help for digital evidence investigation in the authenticity and credibility of QQ chat records.The practices in QQ forensic cases show that it works well.

Ensuring the Authenticity and Non-Misuse of Data Evidence in Digital Forensics

In forensic investigations,it is vital that the authenticity of digital evidence should be ensured. In addition,technical means should be provided to ensure that digital evidence collected cannot be misused for the purpose of perjury. In this paper,we present a method to ensure both authenticity and non-misuse of data extracted from wireless mobile devices. In the method,the device ID and a timestamp become a part of the original data and the Hash function is used to bind the data together. Encryption is applied to the data,which includes the digital evidence,the device ID and the timestamp. Both symmetric and asymmetric encryption systems are employed in the proposed method where a random session key is used to encrypt the data while the public key of the forensic server is used to encrypt the session key to ensure security and efficiency. With the several security mechanisms that we show are supported or can be implemented in wireless mobile devices such as the Android,we can ensure the authenticity and non-misuse of data evidence in digital forensics.

Study on the Authenticity of Heritage in Japan by Kinkakuji

The authenticity of world heritage is very important but the definition is not clear.Japan became a member of the World Heritage Committee only in 1992,but has contributed greatly to the explanation of authenticity,and cultural diversity of the world.Taking Kinkakuj(or Rokuon-ji,or Temple of the Golden Pavilion)for example,the paper attempts to clarify the connotations of authenticity in heritage protection by reviewing its world heritage application document(1993)and Nara Document(1994),so as to instruct heritagerelated practices.

The Principle of Authenticity and the Protection and Renewal of the Qujiang Site in Ancient Chang'an

In order to explore the protection and renewal law of historic sites in the process of contemporary urban construction, combined with the protection and renewal practice of Qujiang garden cultural landscape heritage sites in ancient Chang'an, this paper analyzed the authenticity in the protection and renewal of different historic sites, and explored the possibility of flexible use of the concept of authenticity in the process of protection and renewal of historic sites.

Reflection on the authenticity of urban sites

With the continuous development of society and city,the urban village has been born with time.The book Naked City:The Death and Life of Authentic Urban Places by Sharon Zukin is a reflection on the"authenticity"of urban village under the background of big city’s development.Through the study of this book,other four books and the field investigation of Nantou Ancient City and Baishizhou which are typical"urban village"in Shenzhen,we can understand the authenticity,and further explore how to construct the authentic places and how to find their own way of authenticity in the development of The Times.