Objective To investigate the risk factors of symptomatic bradyarrhythrnias in relation to β-blockers use. Methods A hospital-based case-control study [228 patients: 108 with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias (cases) an...Objective To investigate the risk factors of symptomatic bradyarrhythrnias in relation to β-blockers use. Methods A hospital-based case-control study [228 patients: 108 with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias (cases) and 120 controls] was conducted in Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Malaysia between January 2011 and January 2014. Results The mean age was 61.1 ~ 13.3 years with a majority of men (68.9%). Cases were likely than control to be older, hypertensive, lower body mass index and concomitant use of rate-controlling drugs (such as digoxin, verapamil, diltiazem, ivabradine or amiodarone). Significantly higher level of serum potassium, urea, creatinine and lower level of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were observed among cases as compared to controls. On univariate analysis among patients on β-blockers, older age (crude OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03-1.11, P = 0.000), hypertension (crude OR: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.51-20.72, P = 0.010), lower sodium (crude OR: 0.04; 95% CI: 0.81-0.99, P = 0.036), higher potassium (crude OR: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.31-4.26, P = 0.004) and higher urea (crude OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.11-1.38, P = 0.000) were associated with increased risk of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias; eGFR was inversely and significantly associated with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in both 'β-blockers' (crude OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.964).98, P = 0.000) and 'non-β-blockers' (crude OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.97-0.99, P = 0.023) arms. However, eGFR was not significantly associated with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in the final model of both 'β-blockers' (adjusted OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96-0.98, P = 0.103) and 'non-p-blockers' (adjusted OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.97-1.01, P = 0.328) arms. Importantly, older age was a significant predictor of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in the 'β-blockers' as compared to the 'non-β-blockers' arms (adjusted OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03-1.15, P = 0.003 vs. adjusted OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.98-1.09, P = 0.232, respectively). Conclusion Older age was a significant predictor of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in patients on β-blockers than those without β-blockers.展开更多
Fetal arrhythmias reach up around 10%of the total third-level perinatal cardiology references.Sustained bradycardia is defined as a baseline fetal heart rate(FHR)of less than 110 bpm sustained for at least 10 min.The ...Fetal arrhythmias reach up around 10%of the total third-level perinatal cardiology references.Sustained bradycardia is defined as a baseline fetal heart rate(FHR)of less than 110 bpm sustained for at least 10 min.The overall incidence of malignant fetal bradyarrhythmias,such as complete atrioventricular block(AVB)and channellopathies,is relatively rare,1:5000 pregnancies,but represents a serious emergency for the gynecologist,neonatologists,and pediatric cardiologists.Fetal complete AVB is strongly associated with maternal connective tissue disease,but it can be also associated with congenital heart disease and usually with a poorer prognosis with high risk of fetal hydrops and abortion.Currently,the treatment of severe fetal bradyarrhythmias is principally pharmacological and aims to increase the FHR,besides an early resolution of underlying causes,when possible,and a promptly management of fetal heart failure.Intrauterine electrostimulation nowadays is an experimental pioneering method,reserved for limited selected cases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Esophagogastric varices are a common complication of cirrhosis with portal hypertension and endoscopic treatment has been recognized as a primary preventive and therapeutic option for such patients;however,...BACKGROUND Esophagogastric varices are a common complication of cirrhosis with portal hypertension and endoscopic treatment has been recognized as a primary preventive and therapeutic option for such patients;however,it should be noted that bradyarrhythmia is regarded as one of the contraindications to endoscopic examination.Meanwhile,acute variceal bleeding may result in a high mortality rate in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension accompanied by bradyarrhythmia.At present,there is an absence of reports concerning the treatment of such group of patients who underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS).The present report details the case of a cirrhotic patient with acute variceal bleeding accompanied by bradyarrhythmia who underwent TIPS under temporary pacemaker protection.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 64-year-old male patient who was confirmed with bradyarrhythmia by ambulatory electrocardiogram 24 h before the operation.The patient was successfully treated by TIPS under temporary pacemaker protection.CONCLUSION In terms of cirrhotic patients with abnormal cardiac electrophysiological conduction,TIPS may be effective in reducing the complications of portal hypertension following the exclusion of severe pulmonary hypertension and heart failure,showing moderate feasibility in clinical applications.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""><strong> </strong>Arrhythmias after acute myocardial infarctio...<strong>Background:</strong><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""><strong> </strong>Arrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction are common. Bra</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">dyarrhythmias need specific insight into when and how to treat them. <b>Objective</b></span><b style="white-space:normal;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">s</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">: </span></b><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">To delineate the incidence, course, and management of different types of</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">bradyarrhythmia</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">s</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> after acute myocardial infarction, </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">the </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">study period was five years. <b>Methods: </b>453 patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) were admitted to intensive care in five years. ECGs were analyzed for the presence of bra</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">dyarrhythmias and details of management. <b>Results: </b>65 patients with bradycardia were found. Sinus bradycardia </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 40, sick sinus syndrome </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 10, junctional rhy</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">thm </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 10, second-degree block</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 10, complete heart block </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 24. We divided patients with sinus bradycardia into </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">a </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">stable </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">group </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">and </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">an </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">unstable</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> group</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">. Unstable sinus bradycardia is more prevalent in cases with hypotension or shock, slower heart rates, gross or transmural infarction</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> Also</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> predictors of instability were ch</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">angeable morphology of the </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">“</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">P</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">”</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> wave and inferior rather than anterior infarction</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">The indications and danger of atropine are defined. Complete heart block was found in 24 patients (0.053%). 13 were managed by drug therapy (isoprenaline, corticosteroids, and atropine);</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">Eleven patients were paced</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">. 14 out of the 24 patients died (58%), the total mortality rate among the 453 patients was 22%. The</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> prognostic factors of CHB were defined. Techniques of introduc</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">tion of the</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> lead in RV without fluoroscopy are described. <b>Conclusions:</b> Sinus bradycardia in AMI is accompanied by a lower incidence of mortality. Atropine is not a safe drug to be given as routine. Complete heart block predictors of mortality are the association with heart failure, early-onset, and persistence of the block.</span>展开更多
Pulse diagnosis is an important basis for the diagnosis of Chinese medicine.It is the rich experience accumulated by the predecessors in the long and continuous practice,and it is a unique diagnosis method of Chinese ...Pulse diagnosis is an important basis for the diagnosis of Chinese medicine.It is the rich experience accumulated by the predecessors in the long and continuous practice,and it is a unique diagnosis method of Chinese medicine.There are many names of pulse conditions in traditional Chinese medicine.The four elements are analyzed and summarized in terms of position,number,shape,and momentum.The four elements are used as 28 kinds of pulses.Among them,the regularly intermittent pulse and the intermittent pulse are characterized by arrhythmia and intermittent stop of the pulse.Intermittent pulse means irregular intervals;when a pulse comes,Regularly Intermittent pulse have regular stops.This kind of phenomenon is similar to the bradyarrhythmia in modern medicine.The knot pulse is an irregular pulse stopping,which can be seen clinically in sinus arrest,second-degree type I sinus block,second-degree type I atrioventricular block,and escape beats and so on.On the other hand,Regularly Intermittent pulse is a regular pulse stopping,which can be clinically found in the second degree type II sinus block,the second degree type II sinus block,and the second degree type I atrioventricular block with a special 2:1 type of atrioventricular block type and so on.展开更多
文摘Objective To investigate the risk factors of symptomatic bradyarrhythrnias in relation to β-blockers use. Methods A hospital-based case-control study [228 patients: 108 with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias (cases) and 120 controls] was conducted in Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Malaysia between January 2011 and January 2014. Results The mean age was 61.1 ~ 13.3 years with a majority of men (68.9%). Cases were likely than control to be older, hypertensive, lower body mass index and concomitant use of rate-controlling drugs (such as digoxin, verapamil, diltiazem, ivabradine or amiodarone). Significantly higher level of serum potassium, urea, creatinine and lower level of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were observed among cases as compared to controls. On univariate analysis among patients on β-blockers, older age (crude OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03-1.11, P = 0.000), hypertension (crude OR: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.51-20.72, P = 0.010), lower sodium (crude OR: 0.04; 95% CI: 0.81-0.99, P = 0.036), higher potassium (crude OR: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.31-4.26, P = 0.004) and higher urea (crude OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.11-1.38, P = 0.000) were associated with increased risk of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias; eGFR was inversely and significantly associated with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in both 'β-blockers' (crude OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.964).98, P = 0.000) and 'non-β-blockers' (crude OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.97-0.99, P = 0.023) arms. However, eGFR was not significantly associated with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in the final model of both 'β-blockers' (adjusted OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96-0.98, P = 0.103) and 'non-p-blockers' (adjusted OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.97-1.01, P = 0.328) arms. Importantly, older age was a significant predictor of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in the 'β-blockers' as compared to the 'non-β-blockers' arms (adjusted OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03-1.15, P = 0.003 vs. adjusted OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.98-1.09, P = 0.232, respectively). Conclusion Older age was a significant predictor of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in patients on β-blockers than those without β-blockers.
文摘Fetal arrhythmias reach up around 10%of the total third-level perinatal cardiology references.Sustained bradycardia is defined as a baseline fetal heart rate(FHR)of less than 110 bpm sustained for at least 10 min.The overall incidence of malignant fetal bradyarrhythmias,such as complete atrioventricular block(AVB)and channellopathies,is relatively rare,1:5000 pregnancies,but represents a serious emergency for the gynecologist,neonatologists,and pediatric cardiologists.Fetal complete AVB is strongly associated with maternal connective tissue disease,but it can be also associated with congenital heart disease and usually with a poorer prognosis with high risk of fetal hydrops and abortion.Currently,the treatment of severe fetal bradyarrhythmias is principally pharmacological and aims to increase the FHR,besides an early resolution of underlying causes,when possible,and a promptly management of fetal heart failure.Intrauterine electrostimulation nowadays is an experimental pioneering method,reserved for limited selected cases.
文摘BACKGROUND Esophagogastric varices are a common complication of cirrhosis with portal hypertension and endoscopic treatment has been recognized as a primary preventive and therapeutic option for such patients;however,it should be noted that bradyarrhythmia is regarded as one of the contraindications to endoscopic examination.Meanwhile,acute variceal bleeding may result in a high mortality rate in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension accompanied by bradyarrhythmia.At present,there is an absence of reports concerning the treatment of such group of patients who underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS).The present report details the case of a cirrhotic patient with acute variceal bleeding accompanied by bradyarrhythmia who underwent TIPS under temporary pacemaker protection.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 64-year-old male patient who was confirmed with bradyarrhythmia by ambulatory electrocardiogram 24 h before the operation.The patient was successfully treated by TIPS under temporary pacemaker protection.CONCLUSION In terms of cirrhotic patients with abnormal cardiac electrophysiological conduction,TIPS may be effective in reducing the complications of portal hypertension following the exclusion of severe pulmonary hypertension and heart failure,showing moderate feasibility in clinical applications.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""><strong> </strong>Arrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction are common. Bra</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">dyarrhythmias need specific insight into when and how to treat them. <b>Objective</b></span><b style="white-space:normal;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">s</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">: </span></b><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">To delineate the incidence, course, and management of different types of</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">bradyarrhythmia</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">s</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> after acute myocardial infarction, </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">the </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">study period was five years. <b>Methods: </b>453 patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) were admitted to intensive care in five years. ECGs were analyzed for the presence of bra</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">dyarrhythmias and details of management. <b>Results: </b>65 patients with bradycardia were found. Sinus bradycardia </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 40, sick sinus syndrome </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 10, junctional rhy</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">thm </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 10, second-degree block</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 10, complete heart block </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">in</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> 24. We divided patients with sinus bradycardia into </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">a </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">stable </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">group </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">and </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">an </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">unstable</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> group</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">. Unstable sinus bradycardia is more prevalent in cases with hypotension or shock, slower heart rates, gross or transmural infarction</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> Also</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> predictors of instability were ch</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">angeable morphology of the </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">“</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">P</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">”</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> wave and inferior rather than anterior infarction</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">The indications and danger of atropine are defined. Complete heart block was found in 24 patients (0.053%). 13 were managed by drug therapy (isoprenaline, corticosteroids, and atropine);</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">Eleven patients were paced</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">. 14 out of the 24 patients died (58%), the total mortality rate among the 453 patients was 22%. The</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> prognostic factors of CHB were defined. Techniques of introduc</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">tion of the</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> lead in RV without fluoroscopy are described. <b>Conclusions:</b> Sinus bradycardia in AMI is accompanied by a lower incidence of mortality. Atropine is not a safe drug to be given as routine. Complete heart block predictors of mortality are the association with heart failure, early-onset, and persistence of the block.</span>
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81874404)。
文摘Pulse diagnosis is an important basis for the diagnosis of Chinese medicine.It is the rich experience accumulated by the predecessors in the long and continuous practice,and it is a unique diagnosis method of Chinese medicine.There are many names of pulse conditions in traditional Chinese medicine.The four elements are analyzed and summarized in terms of position,number,shape,and momentum.The four elements are used as 28 kinds of pulses.Among them,the regularly intermittent pulse and the intermittent pulse are characterized by arrhythmia and intermittent stop of the pulse.Intermittent pulse means irregular intervals;when a pulse comes,Regularly Intermittent pulse have regular stops.This kind of phenomenon is similar to the bradyarrhythmia in modern medicine.The knot pulse is an irregular pulse stopping,which can be seen clinically in sinus arrest,second-degree type I sinus block,second-degree type I atrioventricular block,and escape beats and so on.On the other hand,Regularly Intermittent pulse is a regular pulse stopping,which can be clinically found in the second degree type II sinus block,the second degree type II sinus block,and the second degree type I atrioventricular block with a special 2:1 type of atrioventricular block type and so on.