使用比较分子力场分析法(CoMFA)和比较分子相似性指数法(CoMSIA)对33个已报道的喹啉酮类BRD4抑制剂进行3D-QSAR模型建立,研究了其化学结构和生物活性间的关系,并用计算机辅助药物设计(computer-aided drug design,CADD)设计出7个喹啉酮...使用比较分子力场分析法(CoMFA)和比较分子相似性指数法(CoMSIA)对33个已报道的喹啉酮类BRD4抑制剂进行3D-QSAR模型建立,研究了其化学结构和生物活性间的关系,并用计算机辅助药物设计(computer-aided drug design,CADD)设计出7个喹啉酮类抑制剂。结果表明,建立的CoMFA(q^(2)=0.926,r^(2)=0.997,r^(2)_(pred)=0.744)和CoMSIA(q^(2)=0.939,r^(2)=0.991,r^(2)_(pred)=0.786)模型具有较好的预测能力,基于这些模型设计的7个新喹啉酮类BRD4抑制剂具有高活性,并对其进行ADMET性质评价和类药性分析。以上研究结果有助于改造和开发更加有效的喹啉酮类BRD4抑制剂。展开更多
溴结构域蛋白4(bromodomain-containing protein 4,BRD4)是溴结构域和超末端结构域家族的成员,在调节基因转录、细胞增殖、凋亡和炎症方面发挥着重要作用。BRD4与各种疾病密切相关,包括癌症、神经系统疾病和病毒感染。虽然BRD4在癌症研...溴结构域蛋白4(bromodomain-containing protein 4,BRD4)是溴结构域和超末端结构域家族的成员,在调节基因转录、细胞增殖、凋亡和炎症方面发挥着重要作用。BRD4与各种疾病密切相关,包括癌症、神经系统疾病和病毒感染。虽然BRD4在癌症研究领域引起了广泛的关注,但是关于它在骨相关疾病中的影响,包括骨关节炎、椎间盘退变、骨质疏松和骨肿瘤等方面的研究还很有限。最近的研究表明BRD4参与骨相关疾病的发病机制,突出其重要作用。因此,笔者综述了近年来BRD4及其抑制剂在骨相关疾病中的研究进展。通过阐述BRD4的结构和功能以及BRD4及其抑制剂在骨相关疾病中的作用,提示BRD4可能是治疗骨相关疾病的潜在靶点。展开更多
心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases)一直以来都是我国乃至全球疾病负担的主要原因,其生存率低,发病率一直呈现上升趋势[1]。据推测,我国目前心血管疾病患者高达3亿,导致的死亡人数约占全国死亡人数的40%,有数据显示,我国每年因心血管...心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases)一直以来都是我国乃至全球疾病负担的主要原因,其生存率低,发病率一直呈现上升趋势[1]。据推测,我国目前心血管疾病患者高达3亿,导致的死亡人数约占全国死亡人数的40%,有数据显示,我国每年因心血管疾病产生的费用高达1700亿元,给医疗卫生保健资源带来了极大的负担[2-3]。心血管疾病涉及冠心病、心律失常、高血压、心肌病和心力衰竭等,虽然临床表现存在差异,但在发病机制中仍有许多相似之处。溴结构域和额外终端域(bromodomain and extra-terminal domain,BET)家族蛋白是一种表观遗传调控蛋白,由含溴结构域蛋白2(bromodomain-containing protein 2,BRD2)、BRD3、BRD4和睾丸特异性含溴结构域蛋白(testis-specific bromodomain-containing protein,BRDT)组成[4]。展开更多
BRD4靶点和多种肿瘤密切相关,是具有良好成药性的热门靶点。本文选取活性较好且结构差异较大的BRD4小分子抑制剂作为训练集分子,基于配体小分子共同特征(HipHop)方法使用Discovery Studio 3.0分子模拟软件构建了药效团。药效团通过测试...BRD4靶点和多种肿瘤密切相关,是具有良好成药性的热门靶点。本文选取活性较好且结构差异较大的BRD4小分子抑制剂作为训练集分子,基于配体小分子共同特征(HipHop)方法使用Discovery Studio 3.0分子模拟软件构建了药效团。药效团通过测试集验证、ROC曲线验证(SE(sensitivity)=0.93765、SP(specificity)=0.89500、(AUC)=0.956),结果表明构建得到的药效团具有较强的可靠性和较高的可信度。药效团模型含有1个芳环中心、1个疏水基团、2个氢键受体四个药效特征元素。此药效团被用于ZINC数据库进行虚拟筛选,共筛选了861203个分子,命中率为0.782%。再对筛选得到的分子经过分子对接、ADMET成药性预测、构象分析并讨论分子-蛋白相互作用模式,最终得到了21个有潜力的BRD4小分子抑制剂。展开更多
溴结构域(bromodomain,BD)是一种高度保守的蛋白质结构域,具有特异性识别结合乙酰化赖氨酸残基的生物学功能。溴结构域蛋白4(bromodomain-containing protein 4,BRD4)是溴结构域和超末端结构(bromodomain and extra-terminal domain,BET...溴结构域(bromodomain,BD)是一种高度保守的蛋白质结构域,具有特异性识别结合乙酰化赖氨酸残基的生物学功能。溴结构域蛋白4(bromodomain-containing protein 4,BRD4)是溴结构域和超末端结构(bromodomain and extra-terminal domain,BET)家族成员之一,因对基因转录具有强大的调控能力而受到较多关注。目前,靶向BRD4的小分子抑制剂在抗炎和抗癌领域展现出巨大的潜力。本文介绍了BRD4的生物学功能和在人体组织中的表达分布,结合BRD4抑制剂的药物研发现状重点阐述BRD4抑制剂在炎症性疾病中的作用。展开更多
OBJECTIVE To discover a small-molecule bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4)inhibitor that induces AMP-activated protein kinase-modulated autophagy-associated cell death in breast cancer and exploreits potential mech...OBJECTIVE To discover a small-molecule bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4)inhibitor that induces AMP-activated protein kinase-modulated autophagy-associated cell death in breast cancer and exploreits potential mechanisms.METHODS BRD4 interactors were analyzed by PPI network prediction and The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)analysis.The interaction between BRD4 and AMPK was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay.Novel BRD4 inhibitors were designed and synthesized based upon pharmacophore analysis of BRD4(1),then screened by antiproliferative activity and Alpha Screen of BRD4(1).The selectivity of the best candidate compound 8f was validated by co-crystallization,FRET assay and co-immuno precipitation assay.The mechanisms of 8f were investigated by fluorescence microscopy,electron microscopy,Western blotting,immunocytochemistry,si RNA and GFP-m RFP-LC3 plasmid transfections,as well as immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Potential mechanisms were discovered by i TRAQ-based proteomics analysis and the therapeutic effect of 8f was assessed by xenograft breast cancer mouse and zebrafish models.RESULTS We identified that BRD4 interacted with AMPK,which was remarkably downregulated in breast cancer.We next designed and synthesized 49 candidate compounds,and eventually discovered a selective small-molecule inhibitor of BRD4(8f).Subsequently,8f was discovered to induce autophagyassociated cell death(ACD)by BRD4-AMPK interaction,and thus activating AMPK-m TOR-ULK1-modulated autophagic pathway in breast cancer cells.Interestingly,the i TRAQ-based proteomics analyses revealed that 8f induced ACD pathways,involved in HMGB1,VDAC1/2 and e EF2.Moreover,8f displayed a therapeutic potential on both xenograft breast cancer mouse and zebrafish models.CONCLUSION We discovered a novel small-molecule inhibitor of BRD4 that induces BRD4-AMPK-modulated ACD in breast cancer,which may provide a candidate drug for future cancer therapy.展开更多
溴结构域蛋白4(bromodomain-containing protein 4,BRD4)是溴结构域和超末端结构域家族中最重要的蛋白,其过度表达与多种肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。BRD4的抑制策略主要包括BRD4抑制剂和BRD4降解剂,其单独用药或与...溴结构域蛋白4(bromodomain-containing protein 4,BRD4)是溴结构域和超末端结构域家族中最重要的蛋白,其过度表达与多种肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。BRD4的抑制策略主要包括BRD4抑制剂和BRD4降解剂,其单独用药或与化学治疗、光热治疗、免疫治疗等治疗手段联合使用均显示出良好的抗肿瘤效果,为肿瘤治疗开辟了新的方向。本文介绍了BRD4的结构及其在肿瘤发生发展中的作用,综述了BRD4的抑制策略、在肿瘤联合治疗中应用以及耐药性的研究进展,为以BRD4为靶点的肿瘤治疗提供理论参考。展开更多
Targeting bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) has been proved to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy.To date,numerous BRD4 inhibitors and degraders have been identified,some of which have advanced into clin...Targeting bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) has been proved to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy.To date,numerous BRD4 inhibitors and degraders have been identified,some of which have advanced into clinical trials.In this work,a focused library of new [1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives were discovered to be able to inhibit BRD4.WS-722 inactivated BRD4(BD1/BD2),BRD2(BD1/BD2) and BRD3(BD1/BD2) broadly with the IC_(50) values less than 5 μmol/L.Besides,WS-722 inhibited growth of THP-1 cells with an IC_(50) value of 3.86 μmol/L.Like(+)-JQ1,WS-722 inhibited BRD4 in a reversible manner and enhanced protein stability.Docking studies showed that WS-722 occupied the central acetyl-lysine(Kac) binding cavity and formed a hydrogen bond with Asn140.In THP-1 cells,WS-722 showed target engagement to BRD4.Cellular effects of WS-722 on THP-1 cells were also examined,showing that WS-722 could block c-MYC expression,induce G0/G1 phase arrest and p21 up-regulation,and promote differentiation of THP-1 cells.BRD4 inhibition by WS-722 resulted in cell apoptosis and upregulated expression of cleaved caspased-3/7 and PARP in THP-1 cell lines.The [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine is a new template for the development of new BRD4 inhibitors.展开更多
Proteolysis targeting chimeras(PROTACs) are bispecific molecules containing a target protein binder and a ubiquitin ligase binder connected by a linker. Recently, some heterobifunctional small molecule bromodomain-c...Proteolysis targeting chimeras(PROTACs) are bispecific molecules containing a target protein binder and a ubiquitin ligase binder connected by a linker. Recently, some heterobifunctional small molecule bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) degraders based on the concept of PROTACs were designed to induce the degradation of BRD4 protein. Herein, we synthesized a new class of PROTAC BRD4 degraders. One of the most promising compound 22f exhibited robust potency of BRD4 inhibition with IC50 value of (9.4±0.6) nmol/L. Furthermore, com- pound 22f potently inhibited cell proliferation in BRD4-sensitive cell lines RS4;11 with IC50 value of (27.6±1.6) nmol/L and capable of inducing degradation of BRD4 protein at 0.5-1.0 μmol/L in the RS4;11 cells. These data establish that compound 22f is a potent and efficacious BRD4 degrader.展开更多
文摘使用比较分子力场分析法(CoMFA)和比较分子相似性指数法(CoMSIA)对33个已报道的喹啉酮类BRD4抑制剂进行3D-QSAR模型建立,研究了其化学结构和生物活性间的关系,并用计算机辅助药物设计(computer-aided drug design,CADD)设计出7个喹啉酮类抑制剂。结果表明,建立的CoMFA(q^(2)=0.926,r^(2)=0.997,r^(2)_(pred)=0.744)和CoMSIA(q^(2)=0.939,r^(2)=0.991,r^(2)_(pred)=0.786)模型具有较好的预测能力,基于这些模型设计的7个新喹啉酮类BRD4抑制剂具有高活性,并对其进行ADMET性质评价和类药性分析。以上研究结果有助于改造和开发更加有效的喹啉酮类BRD4抑制剂。
文摘溴结构域蛋白4(bromodomain-containing protein 4,BRD4)是溴结构域和超末端结构域家族的成员,在调节基因转录、细胞增殖、凋亡和炎症方面发挥着重要作用。BRD4与各种疾病密切相关,包括癌症、神经系统疾病和病毒感染。虽然BRD4在癌症研究领域引起了广泛的关注,但是关于它在骨相关疾病中的影响,包括骨关节炎、椎间盘退变、骨质疏松和骨肿瘤等方面的研究还很有限。最近的研究表明BRD4参与骨相关疾病的发病机制,突出其重要作用。因此,笔者综述了近年来BRD4及其抑制剂在骨相关疾病中的研究进展。通过阐述BRD4的结构和功能以及BRD4及其抑制剂在骨相关疾病中的作用,提示BRD4可能是治疗骨相关疾病的潜在靶点。
文摘心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases)一直以来都是我国乃至全球疾病负担的主要原因,其生存率低,发病率一直呈现上升趋势[1]。据推测,我国目前心血管疾病患者高达3亿,导致的死亡人数约占全国死亡人数的40%,有数据显示,我国每年因心血管疾病产生的费用高达1700亿元,给医疗卫生保健资源带来了极大的负担[2-3]。心血管疾病涉及冠心病、心律失常、高血压、心肌病和心力衰竭等,虽然临床表现存在差异,但在发病机制中仍有许多相似之处。溴结构域和额外终端域(bromodomain and extra-terminal domain,BET)家族蛋白是一种表观遗传调控蛋白,由含溴结构域蛋白2(bromodomain-containing protein 2,BRD2)、BRD3、BRD4和睾丸特异性含溴结构域蛋白(testis-specific bromodomain-containing protein,BRDT)组成[4]。
文摘BRD4靶点和多种肿瘤密切相关,是具有良好成药性的热门靶点。本文选取活性较好且结构差异较大的BRD4小分子抑制剂作为训练集分子,基于配体小分子共同特征(HipHop)方法使用Discovery Studio 3.0分子模拟软件构建了药效团。药效团通过测试集验证、ROC曲线验证(SE(sensitivity)=0.93765、SP(specificity)=0.89500、(AUC)=0.956),结果表明构建得到的药效团具有较强的可靠性和较高的可信度。药效团模型含有1个芳环中心、1个疏水基团、2个氢键受体四个药效特征元素。此药效团被用于ZINC数据库进行虚拟筛选,共筛选了861203个分子,命中率为0.782%。再对筛选得到的分子经过分子对接、ADMET成药性预测、构象分析并讨论分子-蛋白相互作用模式,最终得到了21个有潜力的BRD4小分子抑制剂。
文摘溴结构域(bromodomain,BD)是一种高度保守的蛋白质结构域,具有特异性识别结合乙酰化赖氨酸残基的生物学功能。溴结构域蛋白4(bromodomain-containing protein 4,BRD4)是溴结构域和超末端结构(bromodomain and extra-terminal domain,BET)家族成员之一,因对基因转录具有强大的调控能力而受到较多关注。目前,靶向BRD4的小分子抑制剂在抗炎和抗癌领域展现出巨大的潜力。本文介绍了BRD4的生物学功能和在人体组织中的表达分布,结合BRD4抑制剂的药物研发现状重点阐述BRD4抑制剂在炎症性疾病中的作用。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473091,81673290 and U1603123)
文摘OBJECTIVE To discover a small-molecule bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4)inhibitor that induces AMP-activated protein kinase-modulated autophagy-associated cell death in breast cancer and exploreits potential mechanisms.METHODS BRD4 interactors were analyzed by PPI network prediction and The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)analysis.The interaction between BRD4 and AMPK was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay.Novel BRD4 inhibitors were designed and synthesized based upon pharmacophore analysis of BRD4(1),then screened by antiproliferative activity and Alpha Screen of BRD4(1).The selectivity of the best candidate compound 8f was validated by co-crystallization,FRET assay and co-immuno precipitation assay.The mechanisms of 8f were investigated by fluorescence microscopy,electron microscopy,Western blotting,immunocytochemistry,si RNA and GFP-m RFP-LC3 plasmid transfections,as well as immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Potential mechanisms were discovered by i TRAQ-based proteomics analysis and the therapeutic effect of 8f was assessed by xenograft breast cancer mouse and zebrafish models.RESULTS We identified that BRD4 interacted with AMPK,which was remarkably downregulated in breast cancer.We next designed and synthesized 49 candidate compounds,and eventually discovered a selective small-molecule inhibitor of BRD4(8f).Subsequently,8f was discovered to induce autophagyassociated cell death(ACD)by BRD4-AMPK interaction,and thus activating AMPK-m TOR-ULK1-modulated autophagic pathway in breast cancer cells.Interestingly,the i TRAQ-based proteomics analyses revealed that 8f induced ACD pathways,involved in HMGB1,VDAC1/2 and e EF2.Moreover,8f displayed a therapeutic potential on both xenograft breast cancer mouse and zebrafish models.CONCLUSION We discovered a novel small-molecule inhibitor of BRD4 that induces BRD4-AMPK-modulated ACD in breast cancer,which may provide a candidate drug for future cancer therapy.
文摘溴结构域蛋白4(bromodomain-containing protein 4,BRD4)是溴结构域和超末端结构域家族中最重要的蛋白,其过度表达与多种肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。BRD4的抑制策略主要包括BRD4抑制剂和BRD4降解剂,其单独用药或与化学治疗、光热治疗、免疫治疗等治疗手段联合使用均显示出良好的抗肿瘤效果,为肿瘤治疗开辟了新的方向。本文介绍了BRD4的结构及其在肿瘤发生发展中的作用,综述了BRD4的抑制策略、在肿瘤联合治疗中应用以及耐药性的研究进展,为以BRD4为靶点的肿瘤治疗提供理论参考。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81703326,81773562,81602961 and 81430085)Scientific Program of Henan Province(No.182102310123)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2018M630840 and 2019T120641)。
文摘Targeting bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) has been proved to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy.To date,numerous BRD4 inhibitors and degraders have been identified,some of which have advanced into clinical trials.In this work,a focused library of new [1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives were discovered to be able to inhibit BRD4.WS-722 inactivated BRD4(BD1/BD2),BRD2(BD1/BD2) and BRD3(BD1/BD2) broadly with the IC_(50) values less than 5 μmol/L.Besides,WS-722 inhibited growth of THP-1 cells with an IC_(50) value of 3.86 μmol/L.Like(+)-JQ1,WS-722 inhibited BRD4 in a reversible manner and enhanced protein stability.Docking studies showed that WS-722 occupied the central acetyl-lysine(Kac) binding cavity and formed a hydrogen bond with Asn140.In THP-1 cells,WS-722 showed target engagement to BRD4.Cellular effects of WS-722 on THP-1 cells were also examined,showing that WS-722 could block c-MYC expression,induce G0/G1 phase arrest and p21 up-regulation,and promote differentiation of THP-1 cells.BRD4 inhibition by WS-722 resulted in cell apoptosis and upregulated expression of cleaved caspased-3/7 and PARP in THP-1 cell lines.The [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine is a new template for the development of new BRD4 inhibitors.
文摘Proteolysis targeting chimeras(PROTACs) are bispecific molecules containing a target protein binder and a ubiquitin ligase binder connected by a linker. Recently, some heterobifunctional small molecule bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) degraders based on the concept of PROTACs were designed to induce the degradation of BRD4 protein. Herein, we synthesized a new class of PROTAC BRD4 degraders. One of the most promising compound 22f exhibited robust potency of BRD4 inhibition with IC50 value of (9.4±0.6) nmol/L. Furthermore, com- pound 22f potently inhibited cell proliferation in BRD4-sensitive cell lines RS4;11 with IC50 value of (27.6±1.6) nmol/L and capable of inducing degradation of BRD4 protein at 0.5-1.0 μmol/L in the RS4;11 cells. These data establish that compound 22f is a potent and efficacious BRD4 degrader.