一种用于微带半波振子天线的新型BALUN

通过将常规的空气板线BALUN微带化,从而建立一种新型微带BALUN。该BALUN引入一个并联谐振电路,可以有效补偿半波振子的串联电抗而实现微带半波振子带宽的最大化。采用此种BAL-UN设计制作了一个L波段微带偶极子天线单元。测试结果表明:该半波振子天线在21.8%的带宽内驻波比优于1.18,带内交叉极化优于-21 dB,接近理论最大设计带宽。

带有小型化Balun的C波段单片GaAs pHEMT单平衡电阻性混频器

本文介绍了一种带有小型化无源Balun的C波段单片GaAs pHEMT单平衡电阻性混频器。Balun采用集总一分布式结构，使其长度与常用2／4耦合线Balun相比缩小了11倍，大大降低了将无源Balun应用于C波段单片集成电路中所需的芯片尺寸。混频器采用单平衡电阻性结构，在零功耗的情况下实现了良好的线性和口间隔离性能。测试结果显示，在固定中频160MHz，本振输入功率0dBm条件下，在3．5～5GI-IzRF频带内，最小变频损耗为8．3dB，1dB压缩点功率为8．0dBm，LO至Ⅲ之问的隔离度为38dB。

Novel Balun Structure for Dipole Antenna

A novel balun structure for dipole antenna,which is based on the current distribution on parallel microstrip lines and the emission cancellation characteristic of close equal and opposite currents,is proposed.The principle of the balun structure is first elaborated and verified.Then,a dipole antenna with resonance at 2.45 GHz is constructed using the balun and its radiation pattern is measured.The simulated and measured reflection coefficients(S_(11))of the antenna are in good agreement 2—3 GHz.The relative bandwidth with an S_(11) of below-10 dB is more than 25%.The antenna also shows a good radiation pattern at 2.45 GHz.The proposed structure can provide a new balun design method for dipole antennas.

基于三导体耦合线的毫米波Marchand balun建模与设计（英文）

提出了一种基于三导体耦合线结构的毫米波Marchand巴伦的新型宽带模型.基于c模和π模理论,对三导体耦合线进行了分析并采用传输线和理想变压器对其建立了模型.通过电磁场仿真提取了模型参数并使用该耦合线模型建立了Marchand巴伦的模型.基于该模型,使用GaAs工艺设计了一种毫米波Marchand巴伦并进行了流片制造,所设计的巴伦工作在15~55 GHz频率范围,测试结果表明该巴伦具有较好的幅值和相位平衡度,同时验证了模型的准确性.

Planar Compact Dual-Band Coupled-Line Balun with High Isolation

A planar circuit structure, which is based on three cascaded pairs of coupled lines, an open stub, and an isolation resistor, is proposed in this paper to design a compact dual.band balun with high isolation. This circuit features equal power division with out of phase, all ports matching, high isolation between two outputs, compact structure, and inherent impedance transformation. The closedform design equations are derived based on the traditional transmission.line theory and even.(odd.) mode analysis. A practical dual.band balun, which operates at 0.9/1.8GHz, is designed and fabricated to validate the function of equal power division with out of phase and high isolation between two outputs. The consistency between the simulated and measured results verify the design theory.

A BALUN-BANDPASS FILTER WITH GOOD IN-BAND PERFORMANCE AND WIDE STOPBAND

A high performance Balun BandPass Filter (BPF) with capacitively loaded multiple coupled lines with very simple structure is proposed in this paper, this structure realizes simultaneous size reduction and superior harmonic response suppression performance in bandpass filtering meanwhile good differential performance of the Balun. The theory of this structure for unbalanced input into balanced output has been studied in this paper and a proper Balun and BPF characteristic by the symmetric feeding and skew symmetric feeding have been obtained to prove the theory. The enter frequency of the fabricated Balun-BPF is operated at 2.45 GHz with 6.93% Fractional Band Width (FBW), and this frequency is used for Bluetooth and some other communication systems. The differences between the two outputs are 180°± 1.92° in phase and within 0.33 dB in magnitude. At f0, the amplitude imbalance and phase difference are within 0.25 dB and 180.86°, respectively. The measured frequency responses agree well with the simulated ones. With the theoretical analyses and practical results, it is shown that the proposed one has the advantages of simple structure, convenient analysis and good performance of both BPF and Balun.

Bandwidth-enhanced dual-polarized antenna with improved broadband integrated balun and distributed parasitic element

A bandwidth-enhanced dual-polarized antenna is proposed for 2/3/4/5G applications,which is composed of distributed parasitic elements(DPEs),a main radiator,two improved broadband integrated baluns and a reflector.First,a novel tooth-shape shorted slot line in the improved broadband integrated balun is analyzed to adjust the input impedance of the antenna.Then,DPEs with 2×2 circular plates loading over the main radiator are proposed to improve broadband impedance matching and radiation pattern.By utilizing impedance compensation of the tooth-shaped shorted slot line and the electromagnetic induction of the DPEs,the antenna achieves an enhanced impedance bandwidth and a stable radiation pattern.To verify these ideas,the bandwidth-enhanced dual-polarized antenna was fabricated and measured.The experimental results indicate that the proposed antenna achieves an operating bandwidth of 72.2%(1.69 to 3.60 GHz)with a return loss(RL)less than-15 dB and a port-to-port isolation(ISO)larger than 30 dB.The antenna obtains a half-power beamwidth(HPBW)within(66±5)°and a gain within(9.0±0.6)dBi in the 2/3/4G bands,and an HPBW within(61.5±2.5)°and a gain within(9.8±0.3)dBi in the 5G band.Across the whole band,the cross-polarization discrimination(XPD)and the front-to-back ratio are both larger than 20 dB.

Measurements of Balun and Gap Effects in a Dipole Antenna

In the present paper, design and analysis of a 2.4 GHz printed dipole antenna for wireless communication applications are presented. Measurements on return loss and radiation pattern of this antenna configuration are included in this investigation. The printed dipole is combined with the feeding structure of a microstrip via-hole balun and is fabricated on an FR-4 printed-circuit-board substrate. Two inevitable discontinuities are introduced by this antenna architecture in the form of right-angle bends in the microstrip feed line and in the dipole’s gap, respectively. The impact of mitering these bends in the reflection coefficient, resonance bandwidth and radiation pattern of antenna has been investigated by means of simulation and experiment.

Comparative Analysis on Antenna Balun and Feeding Techniques of Step Constant Tapered Slot Antenna

This paper represents the performance analysis of the different shapes of antenna balun and feeding techniques for step constant tapered slot antenna. This work also addresses the benefits of antenna balun (circular and rectangular) along with two types of feeding techniques (Microstrip line L-shape and Microstrip line I-shape). The performance of the antenna for each technique is thoroughly investigated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software simulation under the resonant frequency of 5.9 GHz. Results demonstrate that the proposed model is an effective tool for improving antenna performance. Moreover, an extensive comparison has been carried out between the two different shapes, with and without antenna balun and between two feeding techniques focusing on return losses, gain, directivity, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR).

LTCC小型化Balun设计

介绍了一种基于LTCC(低温共烧陶瓷)技术的小型化balun的设计。设计的Balun采用Marchand balun结构,使用LTCC技术实现多层结构、上下耦合的方式减小balun的体积并拓展带宽。该balun工作在1.7～2.2GHz,体积为2.8mm×3mm×1mm,并且平衡端口输出具有良好的幅值平衡和180°相位差。

实用音频电子BALUN

在很多会议室、讲演厅、多媒体教室及其他任何需要"扩音"的地方,到增音系统的接口是平衡输入式的,典型的是用一个XLR插塞.

基于LTCC技术的小型化Marchand Balun设计

在对巴伦的基本原理和耦合传输线奇偶模阻抗特性研究的基础上，基于LTCC技术设计了中心频率为1．35GHz的小型化MarchandBalun。设计中使用宽边耦合带状线来实现MarchandBalun内部的耦合区段。仿真结果表明，MarchandBalun的中心频率为1．35GHz，S11为．31．39dB；带内插入损耗在-0．55～1．12dB之间，满足设计指标的要求。

一种小型化超宽带同轴巴伦的设计与实现

集总参数巴伦尺寸小且易集成,但其不能承受较大功率,且频带较窄;分布参数类同轴巴伦因其具有宽频带、低损耗、大功率容量等特点,目前被广泛应用于大功率辐照天线的差分馈电与阻抗匹配的设计中。针对某试验系统对宽频带大功率辐照天线的工程应用需求,基于非整数阻抗变化比的同轴巴伦设计方法,设计与实现了一款加载铁氧体磁环的阻抗变换比1∶2.25的同轴巴伦。仿真结果与实测结果表明,该巴伦频带为0.01~1.30 GHz,巴伦相位不平衡度在180°±5°以内,幅度不平衡度在±1 dB以内,两路插损均小于1.5 dB。仿真分析了巴伦在500 W功率馈电下的电性能,验证了其功率容量。

新型GIS局部放电柔性内置阿基米德螺旋天线研究

针对气体绝缘组合电器(GIS)内置式特高频(UHF)传感器空间利用率低、尺寸较大并且可能破坏GIS内部电场分布的问题,文中设计了一种新型柔性内置阿基米德螺旋天线。利用振幅随幅角线性增加的正弦波加载方式对天线本体进行小型化处理,使天线径向尺寸缩小57.8%,并对背馈巴伦进行曲折小型化,使巴伦长度减小56.4%。设计的柔性天线本体直径146 mm,厚度0.27 mm。有限元仿真和实物测试结果显示,柔性天线在弯曲半径为0、250、350 mm时,在720 MHz~3 GHz频段内驻波比VSWR≤5;在1.02~3 GHz频段内VSWR≤2;在工作频段内具有良好的全向辐射特性。搭建局部放电试验平台对天线性能进行分析,结果表明文中设计的柔性天线在弯曲形变前后均可检测到放电量20 pC以下的PD辐射电磁波信号。

基于平行双线结构的低频场发生器设计

针对电磁辐射抗扰度测试天线在低频时辐射效率低、体积大、难以生成高电场强度的问题,设计了一款平行双线传输线电场发生器。该场发生器输入端使用阻抗比为1∶4的传输线变压器巴伦,实现了输入端与负载的阻抗匹配,以及非平衡端转化为平衡端;为保证场发生器电气性能的稳定性和可靠性,平行双线传输线采用直径为100 mm的铜管,负载采用耐大功率的无感陶磁电阻,能够承受2 500 W的连续波输入功率。实验结果显示该场发生器在10 kHz~100 MHz的频率范围内电压驻波比均小于1.9,在距场发生器中心0.5 m远处可产生高达200 V/m的电场强度,在1 m远处可产生50~100 V/m的场强。该电场发生器可旋转改变电极化方向,具有覆盖范围广、场强分布均匀、场强幅度高的特点,广泛应用于低频辐射抗扰度测试。

一种背腔式去耦宽角扫描阵列的设计与研究

为了满足无线通信应用中大角度波束覆盖的需求,设计了一种全金属背腔式去耦宽角扫描相控阵。该天线工作于X波段,辐射主体为带有缝隙巴伦的对称振子,巴伦与馈电SMP转接头一体化设计,并在巴伦与SMP连接处加载背腔。背腔的加载一方面可为天线提供垂直方向的电流,展宽阵中方向图的波束宽度;另一方面,相邻天线单元上会产生反相耦合电流,从而降低互耦。天线具有从8.6~11.2 GHz(26.3%)的阻抗带宽,在工作频带内相邻单元间的互耦低于−25 dB;在8.6~9.3 GHz可实现±70°范围内波束扫描,在扫描到最大角度时主瓣增益仅下降2.4 dB,副瓣低于−9.4 dB;在9.3~11.2 GHz具有±45°波束扫描,主瓣增益波动小于2.5 dB,副瓣低于−10 dB的辐射性能。天线具有波束扫描宽、结构稳定、鲁棒性好等特点,在无线通信系统中具有应用价值。

Characterization of on-chip balun with patterned floating shield in 65 nm CMOS

A simple method of balun synthesis is proposed to estimate the balun structure in the operating frequency band.Then,a careful optimization is implemented to evaluate the estimated structure by a series of EM simulations. In order to investigate the impact of the patterned floating shield（PFS）,the optimized baluns with and without PFS are fabricated in a 65 nm 1P6M CMOS process.The measurement results demonstrate that the PFS obviously improves the insertion loss（IL） in the frequency range and a linear improving trend appears smoothly.It is also found that the PFS gradually improves the phase balance as the frequency increases,while it has a very slight influence on the magnitude balance.To characterize the device＇s intrinsic power transfer ability,we propose a method to obtain the baluns＇ maximum available gain directly from the measured 3-port S-parameters and find that IL-comparison may not be very objective when evaluating the shielding effect.We also use the resistive coupling efficiency to characterize the shielding effect,and an imbalanced shielding efficiency is found though the PFS is perfectly symmetric in the measurement.It can be demonstrated that this phenomenon comes from the intrinsic imbalance of our balun layout.

Ka-band ultra low voltage miniature sub-harmonic resistive mixer with a new broadside coupled Marchand balun in 0.18-μm CMOS technology

A Ka-band sub-harmonically pumped resistive mixer （SHPRM） was designed and fabricated using the standard 0.18-μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor （CMOS） technology. An area-effective asymmetric broadside coupled spiral Marchand balance-to-unbalance （balun） with magnitude and phase imbalance compensation is used in the mixer to transform local oscillation （LO） signal from single to differential mode. The results showed that the SHPRM achieves the conversion gain of -15- -12.5 dB at fixed fIF=0.5 GHz with 8 dBm LO input power for the radio frequency （RF） bandwidth of 28 35 GHz. The in-band LO-intermediate freqency （IF）, RF-IF, and LO-RF isolations are better than 31, 34, and 36 dB, respectively. Besides, the 2LO-IF and 2LO-RF isolations are better than 60 and 45 dB, respectively. The measured input referred PIdB and 3rd-order inter-modulation intercept point （IIP3） are 0.5 and 10.5 dBm, respectively. The measurement is performed under a gate bias voltage as low as 0.1 V and the whole chip only occupies an area of 0.33 mm^2 including pads.

一种5~20 GHz超宽带移相器

基于SMIC 40 nm CMOS工艺设计了一款工作频率覆盖5~20 GHz的超宽带6位移相器。该移相器采用矢量合成结构,核心电路包括输入巴伦、正交信号发生器、矢量合成器和数模转换电路。正交信号发生器采用三级多相滤波结构,拓展了带宽。采用低误差和电流阵列控制结构的矢量合成器,实现了高的移相精度。后仿真结果表明,该移相器输入和输出回波损耗分别小于8.85 dB和10.12 dB,RMS相位误差小于1.52°,RMS增益误差小于0.17 dB。在2.5 V电源电压下功耗为43.50 mW。芯片面积为1.06 mm×0.80 mm。

一款基于GaAs工艺的超宽带混频多功能芯片

针对无源混频器需要高本振功率驱动的问题,采用砷化镓(GaAs)0.25μm PHEMT工艺,设计了一款集成双平衡无源混频器和本振驱动放大器的超宽带混频多功能芯片。混频器由肖特基二极管堆和两个结构新颖的平面螺旋间隔互绕式补偿型marchand巴伦构成,本振驱动放大器采用单电源两级自偏式负反馈共源结构。多功能芯片射频(RF)带宽为8~20 GHz,本振(LO)带宽为8~20 GHz,中频(IF)带宽为0.01~5 GHz。在本振驱动功率为-3 dBm时,芯片变频损耗典型值为8.0 dB,本振/射频隔离度典型值为25 dB,本振/中频隔离度典型值为45 dB,射频/中频隔离度典型值为45 dB,输入为1 dB功率压缩点典型值为12 dBm,驱动放大器功耗为+5 V/50 mA,芯片尺寸仅为2.2 mm×1.15 mm×0.1 mm。该混频多功能芯片的实测结果与仿真结果对比吻合,电特性优良,具有良好的应用前景。