The important component of the bio-photonic radiation is the bio-photonic solitons. Due to their existence, the bio-photonic radiation is different from ordinary electromagnetic radiation and has a very clear self-ind...The important component of the bio-photonic radiation is the bio-photonic solitons. Due to their existence, the bio-photonic radiation is different from ordinary electromagnetic radiation and has a very clear self-induced transparency. On the other hand, there are also various bio-solitons in DNA and proteins, which are manifested as various structural solitons such as kinks, or transmission solitons that use kinks as envelope waves and carry exponential and other wave functions. It is in DNA that there are two types of solitons with different properties, namely, wave envelope solitons have the function of transmitting biological binding energy and biological information, and Kink solitons only have the function of expanding or contracting double helix structures or opening and closing double helices. Their mutual cooperation enables the function of DNA to be completed. This paper proposes that the bio-photonic solitons in the bio-photonic radiation resonate with various solitons in the receptor DNA or protein as a whole (or locally), thereby transmitting biological information or genetic information, which is one of the important mechanisms for the bio-photonic radiation to transmit donors or change the genetic traits of receptors. It can be simply referred to as the soliton resonance mechanism. Furthermore, through the research and development of various instruments for collecting or amplifying plant photonic radiation signals, human cells can safely receive plant signals. This can be a process of resonance between plant photonic solitons and various biological solitons in human cells, which can play a role in regulating diseases. These experimental results and applications also provide an excellent interpretation of the soliton resonance mechanism.展开更多
Global crises, notably climate shocks, degraded ecosystems, and growing energy demand, enforce sustainable production and consumption pathways. A circular bioeconomy offers the opportunities to actualize resource and ...Global crises, notably climate shocks, degraded ecosystems, and growing energy demand, enforce sustainable production and consumption pathways. A circular bioeconomy offers the opportunities to actualize resource and eco-efficiency enhancement, valorization of waste streams, reduction of fossil energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Albeit biomass resources are a potential feedstock for bio-hydrogen (bio-H2) production, Ghana’s agricultural residues are not fully utilized. This paper examines the economic and environmental impact of bio-H2 electricity generation using agricultural residues in Ghana. The bio-H2 potential was determined based on biogas steam reforming (BSR). The research highlights that BSR could generate 2617 kt of bio-H2, corresponding to 2.78% of the global hydrogen demand. Yam and maize residues contribute 50.47% of the bio-H2 produced, while millet residues have the most negligible share. A tonne of residues could produce 16.59 kg of bio-H2 and 29.83 kWh of electricity. A total of 4,705.89 GWh of electricity produced could replace the consumption of 21.92% of Ghana’s electricity. The economic viability reveals that electricity cost is $0.174/kWh and has a positive net present value of $2135550609.45 with a benefit-to-cost ratio of 1.26. The fossil diesel displaced is 1421.09 ML, and 3862.55 kt CO2eq of carbon emissions decreased corresponding to an annual reduction potential of 386.26 kt CO2eq. This accounts for reducing 10.26% of Ghana’s GHG emissions. The study demonstrates that hydrogen-based electricity production as an energy transition is a strategic innovation pillar to advance the circular bioeconomy and achieve sustainable development goals.展开更多
Controlling the growth of bacterial biofilms in a specific pattern greatly enhances the study of cell-to-cell interactions and paves the way for expanding their biolog-ical applications.However,the development of simple...Controlling the growth of bacterial biofilms in a specific pattern greatly enhances the study of cell-to-cell interactions and paves the way for expanding their biolog-ical applications.However,the development of simple,cost-effective,and highly resolved biopatterning approaches remains a persistent challenge.Herein,a pio-neering photodynamic biopatterning technique for the creation of living bacterial biofilms with customized geometries at high resolutions is presented.First of all,an outstanding aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer is synthesized to enable efficient photodynamic bacterial killing at a low concentration.By combining with custom-designed photomasks featuring both opaque and transparent patterns,the viability of photosensitizer-coated bacteria is successfully manipulated by control-ling the degree of light transmittance.This process leads to the formation of living bacterial biofilms with specific patterns replicated from the photomask.Such an innovative strategy can be employed to generate living bacterial biofilms composed of either mono-or multispecies,with a spatial resolution of approximately 24µm.Furthermore,its potential applications in information storage/encryption and antibi-otic screening are explored.This study provides an alternative way to understand and investigate the intricate interactions among bacteria within 3D biofilms,hold-ing great promise in the controlled fabrication of dynamic biological systems for advanced applications.展开更多
This research study explored the efficacy of leaf litter compost as a sustainable soil amendment with the objective of promoting soil health and mitigating the accumulation of potentially toxic elements. The investiga...This research study explored the efficacy of leaf litter compost as a sustainable soil amendment with the objective of promoting soil health and mitigating the accumulation of potentially toxic elements. The investigation encompassed the impact of various organic compost amendments, including leaf compost, cow dung manure, kitchen waste compost, municipal organic waste compost, and vermicompost. The study employed Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to evaluate soil nutrient levels and concentrations of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) such as arsenic, chromium, cadmium, mercury, lead, nickel, and lithium. The fertilization and bioremediation potential of these compost amendments are quantified using an indexing method. Results indicated a substantial increase in overall nutrient levels (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur) in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic composts. Fertility indices (FI) are notably higher in compost-amended soils (ranging from 2.667 to 3.938) compared to those amended with chemical fertilizers (ranging from 2.250 to 2.813) across all soil samples. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of PTEs were significantly lower in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic compost amendments compared to those treated with chemical fertilizers amendments. The assessment through the indexing method revealed a high clean index (CI) for leaf compost amendment (ranging from 3.407 to 3.58), whereas the chemical fertilizer amendment exhibits a relatively lower CI (ranging from 2.78 to 3.20). Consequently, leaf compost and other organic composts exhibit the potential to enhance sustainable productivity, promoting soil health and environmental safety by improving nutrient levels and remediating potentially toxic elements in the soil.展开更多
A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Governorate from 2020-2022 to improve the growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni by using a combination of mineral fertilizer (NPK...A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Governorate from 2020-2022 to improve the growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni by using a combination of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and biological fertilizer (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium, and Bacillus circulant) as recommended dose under new sandy soils conditions. Split plot designed with four treatments (Control, (50% Mineral fertilizer (M.) + 50% Biological fertilizer (Bio.)), 100% M. and 100% Bio.) of each species. Vegetative growth, leaf area, tree biomass, stored carbon, basal area, tree volume, and in the soil both of microbial account and mineral content were determined. The experimental results showed no significant differences between studied species among the most studied parameters except for Khaya senegalensis which gave the highest significant difference in root biomass and below-stored carbon than Swietenia mahagoni. Evidently, the highest significant growth parameters were 100% mineral fertilizer followed by (50% M. + 50% Bio.) as compared with control. No significant difference between 100% M. and (50% M. + 50% Bio.) of shoot dry biomass (15.19 and 12.02 kg, respectively) and above-stored carbon (0.28 and 0.22 Mt, respectively). Microbial account and mineral content in soil were improved after cultivation of tree species compared to before planting and control, especially with 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, a treatment containing 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer has led to the ideal Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni growth in sandy soil for cheaper and sustainable.展开更多
Realising the potential of Magnesium(Mg),several globally leading ventures have invested in the Mg industry,but their relatively poor corrosion resistance is a never ending saga till date.The corrosion and bio-corrosi...Realising the potential of Magnesium(Mg),several globally leading ventures have invested in the Mg industry,but their relatively poor corrosion resistance is a never ending saga till date.The corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg has gained research attention and still remains a hot topic in the application of automobile,aerospace and biomedical industries.The intrinsic high electrochemical nature of Mg limits their utilization in diverse application.This scenario has prompted the development of Mg composites with an aim to achieve superior corrosion and bio-corrosion resistance.The present review enlightens the influence of grain size(GS),secondary phase,texture,type of matrix and reinforcement on the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites.Firstly,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites manufactured by primary and secondary processing routes are elucidated.Secondly,the comprehensive corrosion and bio-corrosion mechanisms of these Mg composites are proposed.Thirdly,the individual role of GS,texture and corrosive medium on corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are clarified and revealed.The challenges encountered,unanswered issues in this field are explained in detail and accordingly the scope for future research is framed.The review is presented from basic concrete background to advanced corrosion mechanisms with an aim of creating interest among the readers like students,researchers and industry experts from various research backgrounds.Indeed,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are critically reviewed for the first time to:(i)contribute to the body of knowledge,(ii)foster research and development,(iii)make breakthrough,and(iv)create life changing innovations in the field of Mg composite corrosion.展开更多
Flax is considered to be one of the most significant dual-purpose crops for oil and fiber production in Egypt and worldwide.Biofertilizers have a substantial impact on various metabolic processes,including increased p...Flax is considered to be one of the most significant dual-purpose crops for oil and fiber production in Egypt and worldwide.Biofertilizers have a substantial impact on various metabolic processes,including increased photo-synthesis,endogenous hormone levels,ion absorption,nucleic acid synthesis,and protein synthesis.These factors collectively contribute to the growth and development of plants.Therefore,this study aims to investigate how three biofertilizers(Algae extract,CMS as a by-product of yeast,and Metalosate multi minerals as amino acids)can enhance both the quantity and quality of flax seed yield under sandy soil conditions.Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of National Research Centre in Nubaria District,Behira Governorate,Egypt during two seasons(2021/2022)using a randomized complete block design(RCBD).The results revealed significant differences among all tested biofertilizers in terms of various characteristics studied in flax.Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L resulted in an increase in seed yield(ton/ha)by 26.69%&19.89%,straw yield(ton/ha)by 8.08%&17.12%,and oil yield(kg/ha)by 47.72%&33.69%compared to the control group during both seasons respectively.Foliar applications of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L along with CMS at a rate of 5 m L/L and amino acids at a rate of 1.50 mL/L demonstrated significantly higher macronutrient contents(N,P,K),micronutrient contents(Fe,Zn,Mn),seed oil content,and protein content in flax seeds during both seasons.The highest values for seed oil content and protein content%were obtained through foliar application of amino acids at a rate of 1.50 mL/L.It can be concluded that foliar sprays with these bio-fertilizers effectively improved flax performance by increasing seed straw and oil yields,nutrients oil,protein and fatty acids seeds contents.展开更多
Dental caries is one of the most prevalent and costly biofilm-induced oral diseases that causes the deterioration of the mineralized tooth tissue.Traditional antimicro-bial agents like antibiotics and antimicrobial pep...Dental caries is one of the most prevalent and costly biofilm-induced oral diseases that causes the deterioration of the mineralized tooth tissue.Traditional antimicro-bial agents like antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)struggle to effectively eradicate bacteria in biofilms without eliciting resistance.Herein,we demonstrate the construction of FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nanostructured AMPs(nAMPs)dis-tinguished by their AMP-like antibacterial activity and self-producing reactive oxygen species(ROS)capacity for caries treatment.On the one hand,FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nAMPs can catalyze glucose oxidation to generate ROS within the cariogenic biofilm microenvironment,resulting in the disintegration of the extra-cellular polymeric substance matrix and the exposure of bacteria.On the other hand,FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nAMPs can attach to bacterial surfaces via electrostatic attractions,proceeding to damage membranes,disrupt metabolic pathways,and inhibit protein synthesis through the aggregated lysine and the generated ROS.Based on this antibacterial mechanism,FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nAMPs can effectively eradicate Streptococcus mutans and its associated biofilm,significantly impeding the progression of dental caries.Given the straightforward and cost-efficient prepa-ration of FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nAMPs compared to AMPs that require specific sequences,and their minimal adverse impacts on gingival/palatal tissues,major organs,and oral/gut microbiomes,our research may promote the development of novel therapeutic agents in dental health maintenance.展开更多
The exploration of antibiotic-independent phototherapy strategies for the treatment of bacterial biofilm infections has gained significant attention.However,efficient eradication of bacterial biofilms remains a challenge....The exploration of antibiotic-independent phototherapy strategies for the treatment of bacterial biofilm infections has gained significant attention.However,efficient eradication of bacterial biofilms remains a challenge.Herein,a self-regulated pho-totheranostic nanosystem with single wavelength-triggered photothermal therapy(PTT)/photodynamic therapy(PDT)transformation and oxygen supply for multi-modal synergistic therapy of bacterial biofilm infections is presented.This approach combines a eutectic mixture of natural phase-change materials(PCMs)and an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)phototheranostic agent TPA-ICN to form col-loidally stable nanopartcicles(i.e.AIE@PCM NPs).The reversible solid-liquid phase transition of PCMs facilitates the adaptive regulation of the aggregation states of TPA-ICN,enabling a switch between the energy dissipation pathways for enhanced PDT in solid PCMs or enhanced PTT in liquid PCMs.Addition-ally,oxygen-carrying thermoresponsive nanoparticles are also introduced to alleviate the hypoxic microenvironment of biofilms by releasing oxygen upon heating by AIE@PCM NPs with enhanced PTT.The nanosystem exhibits outstanding therapeu-tic efficacy against bacterial biofilms both in vitro and in vivo,with an antibacterial efficiency of 99.99%.This study utilizes a self-regulated theranostic nanoplatform with adaptive PTT/PDT transformation via the phase transition of PCMs and heat-triggered oxygen release,holding great promise in the safe and efficient treatment of bacterial biofilm infections.展开更多
In most farming systems newly introduced commercial fertilizers to be accepted, adopted and used by farmers, their effectiveness and appropriate application rates must be exhibited. This study was conducted to validat...In most farming systems newly introduced commercial fertilizers to be accepted, adopted and used by farmers, their effectiveness and appropriate application rates must be exhibited. This study was conducted to validate the effect and rates of a bio-fertilizer (super agric) on oil palm seedling growth. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three application rates of 0, 4 and 8 ml/L of water (treatments) replicated thrice. Following the application of super agric to oil palm seedlings for a period of six months, observations drawn from the analysis of growth data were as follows: Three months after treatment, super agric significantly (P < 0.05) increased the height and breadth of oil palm seedling compared to those which were not applied with super agric. The results also showed that when super agric was applied at a rate of 4 ml/L, the leaf length and breadth were higher compared to the control were super agric was not used. Furthermore, applications of super agric improved oil palm seedling nitrogen uptake by 31% in treatment groups as compared to the control which explained the height and breadth increase in the oil palm seedlings that were applied with super agric. On the other hand, the effect of super agric application on phosphorus uptake by seedlings was not significant. Although the height, breadth, leaf width and length were all significantly affected by super agric application, the number of oil palm leaves and spears were not affected for the period the experiment was conducted. Six months after application of super agric the growth of oil palm seedlings was favorably impacted, hence we recommend super agric to be promoted among oil palm seedling growers.展开更多
文摘The important component of the bio-photonic radiation is the bio-photonic solitons. Due to their existence, the bio-photonic radiation is different from ordinary electromagnetic radiation and has a very clear self-induced transparency. On the other hand, there are also various bio-solitons in DNA and proteins, which are manifested as various structural solitons such as kinks, or transmission solitons that use kinks as envelope waves and carry exponential and other wave functions. It is in DNA that there are two types of solitons with different properties, namely, wave envelope solitons have the function of transmitting biological binding energy and biological information, and Kink solitons only have the function of expanding or contracting double helix structures or opening and closing double helices. Their mutual cooperation enables the function of DNA to be completed. This paper proposes that the bio-photonic solitons in the bio-photonic radiation resonate with various solitons in the receptor DNA or protein as a whole (or locally), thereby transmitting biological information or genetic information, which is one of the important mechanisms for the bio-photonic radiation to transmit donors or change the genetic traits of receptors. It can be simply referred to as the soliton resonance mechanism. Furthermore, through the research and development of various instruments for collecting or amplifying plant photonic radiation signals, human cells can safely receive plant signals. This can be a process of resonance between plant photonic solitons and various biological solitons in human cells, which can play a role in regulating diseases. These experimental results and applications also provide an excellent interpretation of the soliton resonance mechanism.
文摘Global crises, notably climate shocks, degraded ecosystems, and growing energy demand, enforce sustainable production and consumption pathways. A circular bioeconomy offers the opportunities to actualize resource and eco-efficiency enhancement, valorization of waste streams, reduction of fossil energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Albeit biomass resources are a potential feedstock for bio-hydrogen (bio-H2) production, Ghana’s agricultural residues are not fully utilized. This paper examines the economic and environmental impact of bio-H2 electricity generation using agricultural residues in Ghana. The bio-H2 potential was determined based on biogas steam reforming (BSR). The research highlights that BSR could generate 2617 kt of bio-H2, corresponding to 2.78% of the global hydrogen demand. Yam and maize residues contribute 50.47% of the bio-H2 produced, while millet residues have the most negligible share. A tonne of residues could produce 16.59 kg of bio-H2 and 29.83 kWh of electricity. A total of 4,705.89 GWh of electricity produced could replace the consumption of 21.92% of Ghana’s electricity. The economic viability reveals that electricity cost is $0.174/kWh and has a positive net present value of $2135550609.45 with a benefit-to-cost ratio of 1.26. The fossil diesel displaced is 1421.09 ML, and 3862.55 kt CO2eq of carbon emissions decreased corresponding to an annual reduction potential of 386.26 kt CO2eq. This accounts for reducing 10.26% of Ghana’s GHG emissions. The study demonstrates that hydrogen-based electricity production as an energy transition is a strategic innovation pillar to advance the circular bioeconomy and achieve sustainable development goals.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:92163126,52293380,52293383Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,Grant/Award Number:BNLMS202308Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:63223030,63223017。
文摘Controlling the growth of bacterial biofilms in a specific pattern greatly enhances the study of cell-to-cell interactions and paves the way for expanding their biolog-ical applications.However,the development of simple,cost-effective,and highly resolved biopatterning approaches remains a persistent challenge.Herein,a pio-neering photodynamic biopatterning technique for the creation of living bacterial biofilms with customized geometries at high resolutions is presented.First of all,an outstanding aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer is synthesized to enable efficient photodynamic bacterial killing at a low concentration.By combining with custom-designed photomasks featuring both opaque and transparent patterns,the viability of photosensitizer-coated bacteria is successfully manipulated by control-ling the degree of light transmittance.This process leads to the formation of living bacterial biofilms with specific patterns replicated from the photomask.Such an innovative strategy can be employed to generate living bacterial biofilms composed of either mono-or multispecies,with a spatial resolution of approximately 24µm.Furthermore,its potential applications in information storage/encryption and antibi-otic screening are explored.This study provides an alternative way to understand and investigate the intricate interactions among bacteria within 3D biofilms,hold-ing great promise in the controlled fabrication of dynamic biological systems for advanced applications.
文摘This research study explored the efficacy of leaf litter compost as a sustainable soil amendment with the objective of promoting soil health and mitigating the accumulation of potentially toxic elements. The investigation encompassed the impact of various organic compost amendments, including leaf compost, cow dung manure, kitchen waste compost, municipal organic waste compost, and vermicompost. The study employed Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to evaluate soil nutrient levels and concentrations of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) such as arsenic, chromium, cadmium, mercury, lead, nickel, and lithium. The fertilization and bioremediation potential of these compost amendments are quantified using an indexing method. Results indicated a substantial increase in overall nutrient levels (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur) in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic composts. Fertility indices (FI) are notably higher in compost-amended soils (ranging from 2.667 to 3.938) compared to those amended with chemical fertilizers (ranging from 2.250 to 2.813) across all soil samples. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of PTEs were significantly lower in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic compost amendments compared to those treated with chemical fertilizers amendments. The assessment through the indexing method revealed a high clean index (CI) for leaf compost amendment (ranging from 3.407 to 3.58), whereas the chemical fertilizer amendment exhibits a relatively lower CI (ranging from 2.78 to 3.20). Consequently, leaf compost and other organic composts exhibit the potential to enhance sustainable productivity, promoting soil health and environmental safety by improving nutrient levels and remediating potentially toxic elements in the soil.
文摘A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Governorate from 2020-2022 to improve the growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni by using a combination of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and biological fertilizer (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium, and Bacillus circulant) as recommended dose under new sandy soils conditions. Split plot designed with four treatments (Control, (50% Mineral fertilizer (M.) + 50% Biological fertilizer (Bio.)), 100% M. and 100% Bio.) of each species. Vegetative growth, leaf area, tree biomass, stored carbon, basal area, tree volume, and in the soil both of microbial account and mineral content were determined. The experimental results showed no significant differences between studied species among the most studied parameters except for Khaya senegalensis which gave the highest significant difference in root biomass and below-stored carbon than Swietenia mahagoni. Evidently, the highest significant growth parameters were 100% mineral fertilizer followed by (50% M. + 50% Bio.) as compared with control. No significant difference between 100% M. and (50% M. + 50% Bio.) of shoot dry biomass (15.19 and 12.02 kg, respectively) and above-stored carbon (0.28 and 0.22 Mt, respectively). Microbial account and mineral content in soil were improved after cultivation of tree species compared to before planting and control, especially with 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, a treatment containing 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer has led to the ideal Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni growth in sandy soil for cheaper and sustainable.
文摘Realising the potential of Magnesium(Mg),several globally leading ventures have invested in the Mg industry,but their relatively poor corrosion resistance is a never ending saga till date.The corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg has gained research attention and still remains a hot topic in the application of automobile,aerospace and biomedical industries.The intrinsic high electrochemical nature of Mg limits their utilization in diverse application.This scenario has prompted the development of Mg composites with an aim to achieve superior corrosion and bio-corrosion resistance.The present review enlightens the influence of grain size(GS),secondary phase,texture,type of matrix and reinforcement on the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites.Firstly,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites manufactured by primary and secondary processing routes are elucidated.Secondly,the comprehensive corrosion and bio-corrosion mechanisms of these Mg composites are proposed.Thirdly,the individual role of GS,texture and corrosive medium on corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are clarified and revealed.The challenges encountered,unanswered issues in this field are explained in detail and accordingly the scope for future research is framed.The review is presented from basic concrete background to advanced corrosion mechanisms with an aim of creating interest among the readers like students,researchers and industry experts from various research backgrounds.Indeed,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are critically reviewed for the first time to:(i)contribute to the body of knowledge,(ii)foster research and development,(iii)make breakthrough,and(iv)create life changing innovations in the field of Mg composite corrosion.
基金the National Research Centre(NRC),Egypt,for providing funding for this student research。
文摘Flax is considered to be one of the most significant dual-purpose crops for oil and fiber production in Egypt and worldwide.Biofertilizers have a substantial impact on various metabolic processes,including increased photo-synthesis,endogenous hormone levels,ion absorption,nucleic acid synthesis,and protein synthesis.These factors collectively contribute to the growth and development of plants.Therefore,this study aims to investigate how three biofertilizers(Algae extract,CMS as a by-product of yeast,and Metalosate multi minerals as amino acids)can enhance both the quantity and quality of flax seed yield under sandy soil conditions.Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of National Research Centre in Nubaria District,Behira Governorate,Egypt during two seasons(2021/2022)using a randomized complete block design(RCBD).The results revealed significant differences among all tested biofertilizers in terms of various characteristics studied in flax.Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L resulted in an increase in seed yield(ton/ha)by 26.69%&19.89%,straw yield(ton/ha)by 8.08%&17.12%,and oil yield(kg/ha)by 47.72%&33.69%compared to the control group during both seasons respectively.Foliar applications of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L along with CMS at a rate of 5 m L/L and amino acids at a rate of 1.50 mL/L demonstrated significantly higher macronutrient contents(N,P,K),micronutrient contents(Fe,Zn,Mn),seed oil content,and protein content in flax seeds during both seasons.The highest values for seed oil content and protein content%were obtained through foliar application of amino acids at a rate of 1.50 mL/L.It can be concluded that foliar sprays with these bio-fertilizers effectively improved flax performance by increasing seed straw and oil yields,nutrients oil,protein and fatty acids seeds contents.
基金Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province,Grant/Award Numbers:***202302001,20210203090SFScience and Technology Development Program of Changchun City,Grant/Award Number:23***13Special Project from Ministry of Science and Technology of China。
文摘Dental caries is one of the most prevalent and costly biofilm-induced oral diseases that causes the deterioration of the mineralized tooth tissue.Traditional antimicro-bial agents like antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)struggle to effectively eradicate bacteria in biofilms without eliciting resistance.Herein,we demonstrate the construction of FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nanostructured AMPs(nAMPs)dis-tinguished by their AMP-like antibacterial activity and self-producing reactive oxygen species(ROS)capacity for caries treatment.On the one hand,FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nAMPs can catalyze glucose oxidation to generate ROS within the cariogenic biofilm microenvironment,resulting in the disintegration of the extra-cellular polymeric substance matrix and the exposure of bacteria.On the other hand,FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nAMPs can attach to bacterial surfaces via electrostatic attractions,proceeding to damage membranes,disrupt metabolic pathways,and inhibit protein synthesis through the aggregated lysine and the generated ROS.Based on this antibacterial mechanism,FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nAMPs can effectively eradicate Streptococcus mutans and its associated biofilm,significantly impeding the progression of dental caries.Given the straightforward and cost-efficient prepa-ration of FeOOH@Fe-Lysine@Au nAMPs compared to AMPs that require specific sequences,and their minimal adverse impacts on gingival/palatal tissues,major organs,and oral/gut microbiomes,our research may promote the development of novel therapeutic agents in dental health maintenance.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:92163126,52293380,52293383Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:63241614,63233051Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,Grant/Award Number:BNLMS202308。
文摘The exploration of antibiotic-independent phototherapy strategies for the treatment of bacterial biofilm infections has gained significant attention.However,efficient eradication of bacterial biofilms remains a challenge.Herein,a self-regulated pho-totheranostic nanosystem with single wavelength-triggered photothermal therapy(PTT)/photodynamic therapy(PDT)transformation and oxygen supply for multi-modal synergistic therapy of bacterial biofilm infections is presented.This approach combines a eutectic mixture of natural phase-change materials(PCMs)and an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)phototheranostic agent TPA-ICN to form col-loidally stable nanopartcicles(i.e.AIE@PCM NPs).The reversible solid-liquid phase transition of PCMs facilitates the adaptive regulation of the aggregation states of TPA-ICN,enabling a switch between the energy dissipation pathways for enhanced PDT in solid PCMs or enhanced PTT in liquid PCMs.Addition-ally,oxygen-carrying thermoresponsive nanoparticles are also introduced to alleviate the hypoxic microenvironment of biofilms by releasing oxygen upon heating by AIE@PCM NPs with enhanced PTT.The nanosystem exhibits outstanding therapeu-tic efficacy against bacterial biofilms both in vitro and in vivo,with an antibacterial efficiency of 99.99%.This study utilizes a self-regulated theranostic nanoplatform with adaptive PTT/PDT transformation via the phase transition of PCMs and heat-triggered oxygen release,holding great promise in the safe and efficient treatment of bacterial biofilm infections.
文摘In most farming systems newly introduced commercial fertilizers to be accepted, adopted and used by farmers, their effectiveness and appropriate application rates must be exhibited. This study was conducted to validate the effect and rates of a bio-fertilizer (super agric) on oil palm seedling growth. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three application rates of 0, 4 and 8 ml/L of water (treatments) replicated thrice. Following the application of super agric to oil palm seedlings for a period of six months, observations drawn from the analysis of growth data were as follows: Three months after treatment, super agric significantly (P < 0.05) increased the height and breadth of oil palm seedling compared to those which were not applied with super agric. The results also showed that when super agric was applied at a rate of 4 ml/L, the leaf length and breadth were higher compared to the control were super agric was not used. Furthermore, applications of super agric improved oil palm seedling nitrogen uptake by 31% in treatment groups as compared to the control which explained the height and breadth increase in the oil palm seedlings that were applied with super agric. On the other hand, the effect of super agric application on phosphorus uptake by seedlings was not significant. Although the height, breadth, leaf width and length were all significantly affected by super agric application, the number of oil palm leaves and spears were not affected for the period the experiment was conducted. Six months after application of super agric the growth of oil palm seedlings was favorably impacted, hence we recommend super agric to be promoted among oil palm seedling growers.
