Neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer＇s disease： elucidation of the molecular mechanism by immunohistochemistry and tau protein phospho-proteomics

As a key contributor to memory storage, the synapse is one of the earliest affected neuronal components in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Under physiological conditions, the synaptic con- nections between neurons undergo activity-dependent func- tional and morphological re-organisation. This dynamic, ＇plastic＇ neural ability critically depends on the structural integrity of the synapse. Thus, proteins that are implicated in preserving the organisation and dynamics of synaptic connections, including microtubules of the cytoskeleton and associated proteins, have attracted much focus for their involvement in the malfunction- ing AD synapse.

VARIATION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF C-MYC PROTEIN IN RAT CARDIAC VOLUME-OVERLOAD HYPERTROPHY

Objective To investigate the change of c-myc protein, which was chosen as the response indicator to volume-overload. Methods The time and spatial course of c-myc protein expression on the model of rat cardiac volume-overload hypertrophy was examined by immunohistochemical study. Results The immunohistochemical study indicated the expression of c-myc protein was increased obviously at 4-6 hours (62.73%) than that of control (45.41%, P<0.01) after the volume-overload, then decreased gradually along with development of volume-overload hypertrophy and was decreased extremely at 5 months(r=-0.514,P<0.01).Conclusion There are disorders in the signal transduction pathways governing the hypertrophic response of cardiomyocytes in hypertrophic myocardium. C-myc gene and the product of it may be only the promoter gene of myocardial hypertrophy. Once switching on,c-myc gene and the product of it do not act anymore;While it may be that c-myc gene and the product of it increased following with myocardial hypertrophy, and have not direct relation to the occurrence and development of myocardial hypertrophy.

Study of penetration mechanism of labrasol on rabbit cornea by Ussing chamber, RT-PCR assay, Western blot and immunohistochemistry

Labrasol, as a non-ionic surfactant, can enhance the permeation and absorption of drugs, and is extensively used in topical, transdermal, and oral pharmaceutical preparations as an emulsifier and absorption enhancer. Recent studies in our laboratory have indicated that labrasol has a strong absorption enhancing effect on different types of drugs in vitro and in vivo. This study was performed to further elucidate the action mechanism of labrasol on the corneal penetration. In this research, the fluorescein sodium, a marker of passive paracellular transport of tight junction, was selected as the model drug to assess the effect of labrasol on in vitro corneal permeability. To investigate the continuous and real-time influence of labrasol on the membrane permeability and integrity, the Ussing chamber system was applied to monitor the electrophysiological parameters. And, furthermore, we elucidated the effect of labrasol on excised cornea at the molecular level by application of RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemical staining. The results indicated that labrasol obviously enhance the transcorneal permeability of fluorescein sodium, and the enhancement was realized by interacting with and down-regulating the associated proteins, such as Factin, claudin-1 and β-catenin, which were contributed to cell-cell connections, respectively.

LMP1 Immunohistochemistry in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of Sudanese Cases

Back ground: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) with its different subtypes is strongly related to Epstein Bar virus (EBV) infection mainly Burkitt’s lymphoma in Africa. Studies proved the role of EBV in tumor-genesis and linked it to prognosis and therapy of patients. Objectives: To determine the frequency of EBV in non-Hodgkin lymphomas using EBV latent membrane protein 1 (EBV-LMP1) immunohistochemical stain. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at radio-isotope centre of Khartoum (2012-2014). A total of 75 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma paraffin embedded sections were stained for EBV LMP1 antibody. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 and statistical cross linking of the results of immune staining with other data was done. Results: Out of 75 patients of non Hodgkin’s lymphoma (74.7%) were males. EBV-LMP1 Immune-staining was positive in (17.3%) with predominance of Burkitt’s lymphoma (33.3%), followed by diffuse large B cell lymphoma (17.9%). Conclusion: Burkitt’s lymphoma expressed the highest percentage of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma positive cases (46.2%) out of the total (17.3%) positive cases. Different methods need to be used in studying Burkitt’s lymphoma expression of EBV and its effects on the treatment and prognosis of cases.

Effects of invigorating-spleen and anticancer prescription on extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in colon cancer mice model

BACKGROUND Colon cancer(CC)is one of the most common malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal system.Overall,CC had the third highest incidence but the second highest mortality rate globally in 2020.Nowadays,CC is mainly treated with capecitabine chemotherapy regimen,supplemented by radiotherapy,immunotherapy and targeted therapy,but there are still limitations,so Chinese medicine plays an important role.AIM To investigate the effects of invigorating-spleen and anticancer prescription(ISAP)on body weight,tumor inhibition rate and expression levels of proteins in extracellular-signal-regulated kinase(ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway in CC mice model.METHODS The CC mice model were established and the mice were randomly divided into 5 groups,including the control group,capecitabine group,the low-dose,mediumdose and high-dose groups of ISAP,with 8 mice in each group,respectively.After 2 weeks of intervention,the body weight and tumor inhibition rate of mice were observed,and the expression of RAS,ERK,phosphorylated ERK(p-ERK),C-MYC and matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2)proteins in the tissues of tumors were detected.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the differences of body weight before and after treatment was much smaller in the groups of ISAP,with the smallest difference in the high-dose group of ISAP,while the capecitabine group had the greatest difference,indicating ISAP had a significant inhibiting effect on the growth of transplanted tumor in mice.The expression of RAS protein was decreased in the low-and medium-dose groups of ISAP,and the change of p-ERK was significant in the medium-and high-dose groups of ISAP.MMP2 protein expression was significantly decreased in both the low-dose and medium-dose groups of ISAP.There were no significant changes in ERK in the ISAP group compared to the capecitabine group,while RAS,MMP2,and C-MYC protein expression were reduced in the ISAP group.The expression level of C-MYC protein decreased after treated with ISAP,and the decrease was the most significant in the medium-dose group of ISAP.CONCLUSION ISAP has a potential inhibiting effect on transplanted tumor in mice,and could maintain the general conditions,physical strength and body weight of mice.The expression levels of RAS,p-ERK,MMP2 and c-myc were also decreased to a certain extent.By inhibiting the expression of upstream proteins,the expression levels of downstream proteins in ERK/MAPK signaling pathway were significantly decreased.Therefore,it can be concluded that ISAP may exert an anti-tumor effect by blocking the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway and inhibiting the expression of MMP2 and c-myc proteins.

Effects of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae on Proliferation,Apoptosis and c-myc Protein Expression of Fibroblast in Culture of Kindney with Lupus Nephritis

Objectiv:To observe the effects ofRadix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (SM) on humanfibroblast in culture of kidney with lupus nephritis (LN ). Methods: Fibroblasts wereisolated from culture of kidney biopsy of LN patients, and effect of SM on 3H-TdR incorporated rate of fibroblasts was observed. Theapoptosis and c-myc expression were detectedin the same time by flow cytometry.Results:SM could inhibit the proliferation of fibrolast,and promote the programmed cell deaththrough upregulate c-myc protein expression inhuman renal fibroblasts. Conclusions: Longterm administration of SM in large dosagecould be effective on interstial fibrosis of LN,so that to prevent or reduce the scar tissue for-mation and teatrd the occurrence of uremia.

Function of apoptosis and expression of the proteins Bcl-2,p53 and C-myc in the development of gastric cancer

INTRODUCTIONIn China ,the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer rank the second among all cancers. Recent development of cancer [1-20].The aim of this study was investigat the insight of apoptosis and bcl-2, p53 and C-myc protein expression in the development of gastric cancer .

Expressions of beta-catenin, APC Protein, C-myc and Cyclin D1 in Ovarian Epithelial Tumor and Their Implication

Objective： To investigate the expressions of beta-catenin, protein APC （adenomatous polyposis coil protein）, c-myc and cyclin D1 and their implication in ovarian epithelial tumor. Methods： Immunohistochemical staining with SP method was conducted to identify the expressions of beta-catenin, APC protein, c-myc and cyclin D1 in ovarian epithelial tumor in 48 cases. Results： The abnormal expression rate of beta-catenin in malignant and borderline ovarian epithelial tumors was higher than that in benign epithelial tumors （P〈0.01）. The expression rates of c-myc and cyclin-D1 in ovarian malignant and borderline epithelial tumors were higher than those in benign epithelial tumors too（P〈0.05）. The prevalence of APC protein positive expression in benign epithelial tumors were significantly greater than that in malignant epithelial tumors （P〈0.05）. A significant negative correlation was found between beta-catenin and APC protein in ovarian epithelial tumors; while a significant positive correlation was found between beta-catenin, c-myc and cyclin-D1 in ovarian epithelial tumor （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The abnormal expressions of Beta-catenin, APC protein, c-myc and cyclin-D1 might be used to indicate the malignance transform of ovarian epithelial tumors.

Regulating Effects of Herb Cake-partitioned Moxibustion on the Expression of p53 and C-myc Protein in Rats with Ulcerative Colitis

Objective： To investigate the mechanism of herb cake-partitioned moxibustion treating ulcerative colitis （UC） from the relationship between expression of p53 and C-myc protein, and morbidity of UC. Methods： Rats model of UC was made with immune methods and local stimulation. Forty SD rats were divided into normal, model, herb cake-partitioned, and mild moxibustion group by a random number table, 10 rats in each group. Hanging moxibustion in the mild moxibustion group was applied to Tianshu （ST 25） and Qihai （CV 6） for 10 rain. Two moxa cones of herb cake-partitioned moxibustion were applied to the same acupoints respectively, in the herb cake-partitioned moxibustion group. Expression of p53 and C-myc protein was measured with immuno- histochemistical method in the colonic tissue of rats with UC. Results： Postive area, strength, and the immunohistochemistry index of the expression of p53 and C-myc protein were found more in the model rats than those in the normal rats （P〈0.01）, whereas less in the herb cake-partitioned moxibustion and mild moxibustion groups than those in the model group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： p53 and C-myc play important roles in the morbidity and development of UC, and herb cake-partitioned moxibustion could regulate the expression of p53 and C-myc protein in the colonic tissue of UC rats.

EFFECT OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS ISOLATED FROM PTERIS SEMIPINNATA L ON DNA TOPOISOMERASES AND TYROSINE PROTEIN KINASE AND EXPRESSION OF C-MYC IN LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA CELLS

Objective: To study the effect of active compound 6F and A from Pteris semipinnata L.(PsL) on the activities of DNA topoisomerase (TOPO) I and II, activities of cytosolic and membrane TPK, and expression of oncogene c-myc in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Methods: The effect of compound 6F and A on activities of cytosolic and membrane TPK was measured by scintillation counting; the effect of compound A on expression of oncogene c-myc was determined by flow cytometry indirect fluorimetry. Results: compound 6F and A could inhibit the activities of TOPO I, and they strongly inhibited the TOPO II in 0.01 mg/L and 10.0 mg/L respectively. Compound A slightly inhibited the activities of membrane TPK, but not the cytosolic one. Compound A could inhibit the expression of oncogene c-myc. Conclusion: Topoisomerases are target of compound 6F and A. Compound A could slightly inhibit the activities of TPK, and showed an inhibitory effect on the expression of oncogene c-myc.

Reactive oxygen species-induced activation of Yes-associated protein-1 through the c-Myc pathway is a therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND The Hippo signaling pathway regulates organ size by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis with terminal effectors including Yes-associated protein-1(YAP-1).Dysregulation in Hippo pathway has been proposed as one of the therapeutic targets in hepatocarcinogenesis.The levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)increase during the progression from early to advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To study the activation of YAP-1 by ROS-induced damage in HCC and the involved signaling pathway.METHODS The expression of YAP-1 in HCC cells(Huh-7,HepG2,and SNU-761)was quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting.Human HCC cells were treated with H2O2,which is a major component of ROS in living organisms,and with either YAP-1 small interfering RNA(siRNA)or control siRNA.To investigate the role of YAP-1 in HCC cells under oxidative stress,MTS assays were performed.Immunoblotting was performed to evaluate the signaling pathway responsible for the activation of YAP-1.Eighty-eight surgically resected frozen HCC tissue samples and 88 nontumor liver tissue samples were used for gene expression analyses.RESULTS H2O2 treatment increased the mRNA and protein expression of YAP-1 in HCC cells(Huh-7,HepG2,and SNU-761).Suppression of YAP-1 using siRNA transfection resulted in a significant decrease in tumor proliferation during H2O2 treatment both in vitro and in vivo(both P<0.05).The oncogenic action of YAP-1 occurred via the activation of the c-Myc pathway,leading to the upregulation of components of the unfolded protein response(UPR),including 78-kDa glucoseregulated protein and activating transcription factor-6(ATF-6).The YAP-1 mRNA levels in human HCC tissues were upregulated by 2.6-fold compared with those in nontumor tissues(P<0.05)and were positively correlated with the ATF-6 Levels(Pearson’s coefficient=0.299;P<0.05).CONCLUSION This study shows a novel connection between YAP-1 and the UPR through the c-Myc pathway during oxidative stress in HCC.The ROS-induced activation of YAP-1 via the c-Myc pathway,which leads to the activation of the UPR pathway,might be a therapeutic target in HCC.

Peripheral nerve regeneration through nerve conduits evokes differential expression of growth-associated protein-43 in the spinal cord

Growth-associated protein 43 plays a key role in neurite outgrowth through cytoskeleton remodeling.We have previously demonstrated that structural damage of peripheral nerves induces growth-associated protein 43 upregulation to promote growth cone formation.Conversely,the limited regenerative capacity of the central nervous system due to an inhibitory environment prevents major changes in neurite outgrowth and should be presumably associated with low levels of growth-associated protein 43 expression.However,central alterations due to peripheral nerve damage have never been assessed using the growthassociated protein 43 marker.In this study,we used the tubulization technique to repair 1 cm-long nerve gaps in the rat nerve injury/repair model and detected growth-associated protein 43 expression in the peripheral and central nervous systems.First,histological analysis of the regeneration process confirmed an active regeneration process of the nerve gaps through the conduit from 10 days onwards.The growth-associated protein 43 expression profile varied across regions and follow-up times,from a localized expression to an abundant and consistent expression throughout the regeneration tissue,confirming the presence of an active nerve regeneration process.Second,spinal cord changes were also histologically assessed,and no apparent changes in the structural and cellular organization were observed using routine staining methods.Surprisingly,remarkable differences and local changes appeared in growth-associated protein 43 expression at the spinal cord level,in particular at 20 days post-repair and beyond.Growth-associated protein 43 protein was first localized in the gracile fasciculus and was homogeneously distributed in the left posterior cord.These findings differed from the growth-associated protein 43 pattern observed in the healthy control,which did not express growth-associated protein 43 at these levels.Our results revealed a differential expression in growth-associated protein 43 protein not only in the regenerating nerve tissue but also in the spinal cord after peripheral nerve transection.These findings open the possibility of using this marker to monitor changes in the central nervous system after peripheral nerve injury.

Raf kinase inhibitor protein combined with phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase offers valuable prognosis in gastrointestinal stromal tumor

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.Tyrosine kinase inhibitors,such as imatinib,have been used as first-line therapy for the treatment of GISTs.Although these drugs have achieved considerable efficacy in some patients,reports of resistance and recurrence have emerged.Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)protein,as a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)family,is a core molecule of this signaling pathway.Nowadays,research reports on the important clinical and prognostic value of phosphorylated-ERK(P-ERK)and phosphorylated-MAPK/ERK kinase(P-MEK)proteins closely related to raf kinase inhibitor protein(RKIP)have gradually emerged in digestive tract tumors such as gastric cancer,colon cancer,and pancreatic cancer.However,literature on the expression of these downstream proteins combined with RKIP in GIST is scarce.This study will focus on this aspect and search for answers to the problem.AIM To detect the expression of RKIP,P-ERK,and P-MEK protein in GIST and to analyze their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of this disease.Try to establish a new prognosis evaluation model using RKIP and PERK in combination with analysis and its prognosis evaluation efficacy.METHODS The research object of our experiment was 66 pathologically diagnosed GIST patients with complete clinical and follow-up information.These patients received surgical treatment at China Medical University Affiliated Hospital from January 2015 to January 2020.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of RKIP,PERK,and P-MEK proteins in GIST tissue samples from these patients.Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate of 63 patients with complete follow-up data.A Nomogram was used to represent the new prognostic evaluation model.The Cox multivariate regression analysis was conducted separately for each set of risk evaluation factors,based on two risk classification systems[the new risk grade model vs the modified National Institutes of Health(NIH)2008 risk classification system].Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used for evaluating the accuracy and efficiency of the two prognostic evaluation systems.RESULTS In GIST tissues,RKIP protein showed positive expression in the cytoplasm and cell membrane,appearing as brownish-yellow or brown granules.The expression of RKIP was related to GIST tumor size,NIH grade,and mucosal invasion.P-ERK protein exhibited heterogeneous distribution in GIST cells,mainly in the cytoplasm,with occasional presence in the nucleus,and appeared as brownish-yellow granules,and the expression of P-ERK protein was associated with GIST tumor size,mitotic count,mucosal invasion,and NIH grade.Meanwhile,RKIP protein expression was negatively correlated with P-ERK expression.The results in COX multivariate regression analysis showed that RKIP protein expression was not an independent risk factor for tumor prognosis.However,RKIP combined with P-ERK protein expression were identified as independent risk factors for prognosis with statistical significance.Furthermore,we establish a new prognosis evaluation model using RKIP and P-ERK in combination and obtained the nomogram of the new prognosis evaluation model.ROC curve analysis also showed that the new evaluation model had better prognostic performance than the modified NIH 2008 risk classification system.CONCLUSION Our experimental results showed that the expression of RKIP and P-ERK proteins in GIST was associated with tumor size,NIH 2008 staging,and tumor invasion,and P-ERK expression was also related to mitotic count.The expression of the two proteins had a certain negative correlation.The combined expression of RKIP and P-ERK proteins can serve as an independent risk factor for predicting the prognosis of GIST patients.The new risk assessment model incorporating RKIP and P-ERK has superior evaluation efficacy and is worth further practical application to validate.

SCAMP2和SCAMP3在膀胱癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨分泌载体相关膜蛋白2和3(SCAMP2和SCAMP3)在膀胱癌(BC)中的表达及其意义。方法应用免疫组织化学法检测181例BC及相应癌旁组织中SCAMP2和SCAMP3的表达水平。结果与相应癌旁组织相比较,SCAMP2和SCAMP3在BC组织中的表达水平显著升高(χ^(2)=41.242、110.576,P<0.001)。SCAMP2高表达与饮酒史和癌症家族史有关(χ^(2)=4.784、3.904,P<0.05)。SCAMP3高表达与浸润性BC和癌症家族史有关(χ^(2)=6.893、7.411,P<0.05)。预后分析显示,SCAMP2和SCAMP3表达与BC病人预后没有相关性。结论SCAMP2和SCAMP3在BC组织中的高表达可能与BC的发生和进展密切相关,可能可以作为BC治疗的潜在靶点。

肺浸润性腺癌伴纵隔淋巴结转移性NUT中线癌1例报告及文献复习

目的:分析1例肺浸润性腺癌伴纵隔淋巴结转移性睾丸核蛋白(NUT)中线癌患者的病理诊断过程,为该病的临床诊断提供依据。方法:收集1例肺浸润性腺癌伴纵隔淋巴结转移性NUT中线癌患者的临床资料,术中送检肺肿物行冰冻快速病理诊断以判断病变性质,术后另送纵隔肿瘤行慢病理检测,肺及纵隔肿物均行常规病理检查和免疫组织化学染色,结合相关文献分析该病的病理诊断过程,并进行病理鉴别。结果:患者,男性,59岁,于外院行CT检查见前纵隔软组织密度影和右肺下叶磨玻璃样结节影,均考虑肿瘤性病变。术中肺肿物快速病理诊断考虑肺浸润性腺癌,术后经免疫组织化学染色证实为肺原发性浸润性腺癌。术后另送纵隔肿物,经免疫组织化学染色、院外会诊及基因检测最终证实为淋巴结转移性NUT中线癌。结论:NUT中线癌是罕见的低分化鳞状细胞癌,常发生于中线部位,可伴发其他器官肿瘤并发生淋巴结转移,其确诊需要结合组织学形态、影像学资料和基因检测结果。

Smo和Gli1蛋白在眼睑基底细胞癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨Smo和Gli1蛋白在眼睑基底细胞癌(EBCC)组织中的表达及临床意义。方法选取焦作市人民医院眼科收治的眼睑基底细胞癌患者40例为研究对象,采用免疫组织化学方法检测EBCC患者癌组织及癌旁组织细胞内Smo和Gli1蛋白的表达。设计资料调查表,详细统计所选患者的基本资料,分析不同病理特征EBCC患者组织中Smo和Gli1蛋白的表达情况,并分析组织中Smo和Gli1蛋白表达不同的眼睑基底细胞癌患者预后情况。结果EBCC组织中Smo蛋白阳性表达率显著高于癌周正常黏膜组织(P<0.05);EBCC组织中Gli1蛋白阳性表达率显著高于癌周正常黏膜组织(P<0.05)。不同的性别、年龄、BMI、发病部位患者的癌组织中Smo与Gli1蛋白表达比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同肿瘤分化程度患者癌组织中Smo与Gli1蛋白表达比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Log-rank检验,Smo和Gli1蛋白阴性表达患者1年内复发率均明显低于阳性患者(P<0.05)。经Kendall’s tau-b相关分析结果发现,组织中Smo蛋白表达与Gli1蛋白表达呈正相关(γ=0.350,P=0.010)。结论Smo和Gli1蛋白在EBCC组织中的阳性表达率更高,可以作为EBCC早期诊断的标志物。Smo和Gli1蛋白的表达水平与分化程度有关,且与EBCC预后有密切关系,可以在临床上为眼睑基底细胞癌的发展与预后评估提供参考。

肝外胆管癌ANXA1和XIAP表达的临床病理研究

目的探讨膜联蛋白A1(ANXA1)和X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)表达与肝外胆管癌临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法58例肝外胆管癌手术切除标本及30例癌旁胆管组织,应用EliVision^(TM)plus免疫组织化学染色二步法检测ANXA1和XIAP在癌组织及癌旁胆管组织中的表达,分析ANXA1和XIAP与肝外胆管癌患者性别、年龄、癌灶大小、分化等级、TNM分期、浸润转移及3年生存率7项临床病理特征的相关性。结果癌组织ANXA1和XIAP阳性率分别为84.5%(49/58)和81.0%(47/58),癌旁胆管组织分别为30.0%(9/30)和26.7%(8/30),差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。ANXA1表达与性别、年龄、分化等级无关(均P>0.05),在癌灶>1.5 cm、TNM(Ⅲ+Ⅳ)期、有浸润转移和3年内死亡患者中,其阳性率显著高于癌灶≤1.5 cm、TNM(Ⅰ+Ⅱ)期、无浸润转移和3年内生存患者(均P<0.05);XIAP表达与性别、年龄无关(均P>0.05),在癌灶>1.5 cm、低分化、TNM(Ⅲ+Ⅳ)期、有浸润转移和3年内死亡患者中,其阳性率显著高于癌灶≤1.5 cm、(高+中)分化、TNM(Ⅰ+Ⅱ)期、无浸润转移和3年内生存患者(均P<0.05)。ANXA1和XIAP表达呈正相关性(r=0.54)。结论ANXA1和XIAP与肝外胆管癌发生发展显著相关,两者表达上调预示癌灶大、分期晚、易浸润转移、生存期短。

PD-1、PD-L1、MMR蛋白在子宫内膜癌中的表达及与患者临床病理特征的相关性

目的:探讨程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)、程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)、错配修复(MMR)蛋白(MLH1、PMS2、MSH2和MSH6)在子宫内膜癌中的表达及与患者临床病理特征的相关性。方法:选取我院2020年6月—2023年6月收治的80例子宫内膜癌患者作为研究对象,取患者的子宫内膜组织进行免疫组化检测,检测PD-1/PD-L1、MMR蛋白表达水平。并分析不同病理特征子宫内膜癌患者PD-1、PD-L1表达情况与MMR蛋白缺失情况,最后采用Spearman相关法分析PD-1、PD-L1、MMR蛋白与子宫内膜癌临床病理特征的相关性。结果:80例子宫内膜癌患者中,子宫内膜癌组织PD-1阳性表达率为63.75%,PD-L1阳性表达率为67.50%;MMR蛋白表达缺失率为70.00%;80例子宫内膜癌患者中,PD-1、PD-L1阳性与阴性患者的细胞分化程度、FIGO分期、子宫肌层浸润、淋巴结转移情况对比差异显著,此外PD-L1阳性与阴性病理类型对比差异显著(P<0.05),MMR蛋白基因缺失与基因完整患者的肿瘤部位、细胞分化程度、子宫肌层浸润、淋巴结转移情况对比差异显著(P<0.05);PD-1与子宫内膜癌细胞分化程度、FIGO分期、子宫肌层浸润、淋巴结转移呈正相关,PD-L1与病理类型、细胞分化程度、FIGO分期、子宫肌层浸润、淋巴结转移呈正相关,MMR蛋白与子宫内膜癌肿瘤部位、细胞分化程度、子宫肌层浸润、淋巴结转移呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:PD-1、PD-L1、MMR蛋白表达与子宫内膜癌患者的临床病理特征具有密切关系,临床可考虑应用三者对子宫内膜癌的诊断与预后进行评价,为临床提供参考意义。

结直肠腺癌组织中MLH1、PMS2、MSH2及MSH6的表达和病理意义

目的探索结直肠腺癌组织中MLH1、PMS2、MSH2及MSH6的表达和病理意义。方法回顾性收集本院于2020年2月至2023年2月收治的行腹腔镜下结直肠癌根治术的患者100例的临床资料进行分析。采用免疫组化的方法检测其组织中的错配修饰蛋白MLH1、PMS2、MSH2及MSH6表达情况,统计纳入人群的错配修饰蛋白的缺失情况。分析其稳定性和强度,同时探究其临床病理意义。结果所纳入的100例患者中包括有48例直肠缐癌患者,52例结肠癌患者。MLH1表达缺失12例(12%)、MSH2表达缺失7例(7%)、PMS2表达缺失13例(13%)、MSH6表达缺失9例(9%)。年龄对于稳定性具备一定的关联性,P<0.05,而性别、肿瘤最大径、肿瘤分期、淋巴结是否转移和分化程度和其稳定性没有显著关联性,P>0.05。直肠腺癌组织中的MLH1、PMS2、MSH2及MSH6表达均显著高于癌周边组织,差异具备统计学意义,P<0.05。结论MLH1、PMS2、MSH2及MSH6的表达和肿瘤的稳定性和表达强度具备一定的关联,对结直肠缐癌的评估具有一定的指导意义。

非小细胞肺癌组织中NF-kB和c-myc及p73的表达与意义

目的:探讨NF-κB(p65)、c-myc和p73蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)组织中的表达及相互关系。方法:用免疫组化二步法检测60例NSCLC组织标本中p65、c-myc和p73蛋白的表达,并进行相关分析。结果:p65、c-myc和p73蛋白在肺癌组织中的表达分别与在肺支气管上皮组织的表达比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。p65和c-myc蛋白在淋巴结转移癌组织中的表达与肺支气管上皮组织中的表达差异无统计学意义,P>0.05;p73蛋白在上述两组的表达差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。p65、c-myc和p73蛋白在肺癌高、中与低分化阳性表达的比较,差异均无统计学意义,P>0.05。伴有淋巴结转移的肺癌组织中蛋白阳性表达与无淋巴结转移比较:p65和c-myc差异无统计学意义,P>0.05;p73差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。肺癌组织中p65与c-myc具有相关性,R=0.5514,P<0.01;c-myc与p73具有相关性,R=0.6537,P<0.01;未发现p65与p73有明显相关性,R=0.1735,P>0.05。结论:p65、c-myc和p73表达上调均可能是NSCLC发生的重要因素;在肺癌发生发展中p65与c-myc、c-myc和p73可能在诱导细胞增生与抑制细胞凋亡中起协同作用;p73上调可能促进肺癌的侵袭与转移,可作为肺癌恶化进展及癌转移的动态监控标志。