甘蓝型油菜高亚麻酸CMS的快速选育方法及效果研究

为了加速甘蓝型油菜高亚麻酸杂交育种进程。以高亚麻酸油菜种质为试验材料,采用快速选育方法进行油菜高亚麻酸CMS及保持系的选育。结果表明:选育周期从5~6年缩短为4年,亚麻酸含量由11.85%提升至16.96%,含油量由45.0%提升至48.8%,单株亚麻酸产出量由0.98 g提升至1.53 g。与原CMS(陕6A)相比,“YM-1A”的含油量、单株产量、亚麻酸含量、异交结实系数、单株亚麻酸产量分别提高8.45%、4.49%、59.43%、12.8%、80.65%;而自交结实系数降低56.86%。因不育性、农艺、品质等性状显著提高,YM-1A在甘蓝型油菜高亚麻酸杂交育种中具有较高的利用价值。

中国对东盟货物贸易出口波动的影响因素研究——基于改进的CMS模型实证分析

推动外贸稳规模、优结构,对推动高质量发展具有重要支撑作用。为了能够更好地研究贸易结构变化对中国出口的影响,文章对CMS模型进口需求结构效应和出口结构效应及两者细分效应的算法进行了调整,并运用改进的CMS模型对中国出口波动的影响因素进行实证分析。同时为了研究各影响因素在重要时期对中国出口的影响,文章将研究周期设定为2008—2022年,包括了全球金融危机和新冠疫情等重大事件。研究发现:(1)中国对东盟商品出口规模大幅增长,主要得益于进口需求规模扩大、出口整体竞争力提升,以及两者交互作用的整体交互效应。在结构上表现为进口需求结构效应显著促进出口,出口结构效应抑制出口的特征。(2)出口结构效应抑制出口主要是因为我国出口集中在出口效应较低的国家和商品上。(3)在东盟面临危机时,需求驱动的增长模式和本来就抑制出口的出口结构,对中国出口的负面影响更加明显。因此,为了促进中国对东盟出口平稳增长,需要推动传统产业转型升级和大力发展战略性新兴产业,来提高中国商品出口竞争力;充分利用好RCEP减税和原产地累积等规则挖掘商机;积极推进中国—东盟自由贸易区3.0版谈判,全面提升中国—东盟经贸制度型开放水平,在数字经济和绿色能源经济等领域加强与东盟的合作,培育双边贸易新的增长点。

EDCMS:A Content Management System for Engineering Documents

Engineers often need to look for the right pieces of information by sifting through long engineering documents, It is a very tiring and time-consuming job. To address this issue, researchers are increasingly devoting their attention to new ways to help information users, including engineers, to access and retrieve document content. The research reported in this paper explores how to use the key technologies of document decomposition （study of document structure）, document mark-up （with EXtensible Mark- up Language （XML）, HyperText Mark-up Language （HTML）, and Scalable Vector Graphics （SVG））, and a facetted classification mechanism. Document content extraction is implemented via computer programming （with Java）. An Engineering Document Content Management System （EDCMS） developed in this research demonstrates that as information providers we can make document content in a more accessible manner for information users including engineers.The main features of the EDCMS system are： 1） EDCMS is a system that enables users, especially engineers, to access and retrieve information at content rather than document level. In other words, it provides the right pieces of information that answer specific questions so that engineers don＇t need to waste time sifting through the whole document to obtain the required piece of information. 2） Users can use the EDCMS via both the data and metadata of a document to access engineering document content. 3） Users can use the EDCMS to access and retrieve content objects, i.e. text, images and graphics （including engineering drawings） via multiple views and at different granularities based on decomposition schemes. Experiments with the EDCMS have been conducted on semi-structured documents, a textbook of CADCAM, and a set of project posters in the Engineering Design domain. Experimental results show that the system provides information users with a powerful solution to access document content.

Mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of soft rock with different water contents under dynamic disturbance

Uniaxial compression tests and cyclic loading acoustic emission tests were conducted on 20%,40%,60%,80%,dry and saturated muddy sandstone by using a creep impact loading system to investigate the mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of soft rocks with different water contents under dynamic disturbance.The mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of muddy sandstones at different water contents were analysed.Results of experimental studies show that water is a key factor in the mechanical properties of rocks,softening them,increasing their porosity,reducing their brittleness and increasing their plasticity.Under uniaxial compression,the macroscopic damage characteristics of the muddy sandstone change from mono-bevel shear damage and‘X’type conjugate bevel shear damage to a roadway bottom-drum type damage as the water content increases.Dynamic perturbation has a strengthening effect on the mechanical properties of samples with 60%and less water content,and a weakening effect on samples with 80%and more water content,but the weakening effect is not obvious.Macroscopic damage characteristics of dry samples remain unchanged,water samples from shear damage and tensile–shear composite damage gradually transformed into cleavage damage,until saturation transformation monoclinic shear damage.The evolution of acoustic emission energy and event number is mainly divided into four stages:loading stage(Ⅰ),dynamic loading stage(Ⅱ),yield failure stage(Ⅲ),and post-peak stage(Ⅳ),the acoustic emission characteristics of the stages were different for different water contents.The characteristic value of acoustic emission key point frequency gradually decreases,and the damage degree of the specimen increases,corresponding to low water content—high main frequency—low damage and high water content—low main frequency—high damage.

基于新型Contention网络的滚动轴承早期故障诊断方法研究

针对滚动轴承早期故障诊断问题,为了同时建模振动信号中的高频和低频特征,实现高精度诊断,提出了一种新的模型Contention。它以一种互补的方式集成了空洞卷积和自注意力机制的优点,具有同时捕捉高频和低频信息的能力。为了验证其诊断能力,首先,在完整信息原则下将振动信号连续构造成数据集;其次,搭建Contention网络并训练,其最终测试集准确度可达100%,t-SNE显示随网络层次的深入特征被明显聚类;最后,设置对照实验,将该模型与传统RNN、CNN、Transformer模型对比,证明该模型具备突出的诊断能力。

中国内地对台湾地区出口的影响因素分析——基于CMS模型

本文选取联合国贸易2002-2022年中国内地对台湾地区水产品出口贸易数据,运用CMS模型对中国内地水产品出口到台湾地区的影响因素进行两个层次的分析。结果表明:1.2002-2022年期间,中国内地对台湾地区水产品的出口呈现“缓增-激增-跌落”三个阶段,对台主要出口甲壳软体制品、鲜冷甲壳及软体类、生鲜冷冻鱼和鱼制品四类水产品。2.在2002-2022年期间的三个阶段中,竞争力效应和第二层次分解的综合竞争力效应是影响中国内地对台湾地区水产品出口的主导因素。3.在2018-2022年阶段台湾地区水产品进口规模扩大,但是中国内地水产品在台湾地区市场上的市场份额却降低。再此基础上,提出促进两岸水产品贸易相应的对策建议。

Incorporating empirical knowledge into data-driven variable selection for quantitative analysis of coal ash content by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)has become a widely used atomic spectroscopic technique for rapid coal analysis.However,the vast amount of spectral information in LIBS contains signal uncertainty,which can affect its quantification performance.In this work,we propose a hybrid variable selection method to improve the performance of LIBS quantification.Important variables are first identified using Pearson's correlation coefficient,mutual information,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)and random forest,and then filtered and combined with empirical variables related to fingerprint elements of coal ash content.Subsequently,these variables are fed into a partial least squares regression(PLSR).Additionally,in some models,certain variables unrelated to ash content are removed manually to study the impact of variable deselection on model performance.The proposed hybrid strategy was tested on three LIBS datasets for quantitative analysis of coal ash content and compared with the corresponding data-driven baseline method.It is significantly better than the variable selection only method based on empirical knowledge and in most cases outperforms the baseline method.The results showed that on all three datasets the hybrid strategy for variable selection combining empirical knowledge and data-driven algorithms achieved the lowest root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP)values of 1.605,3.478 and 1.647,respectively,which were significantly lower than those obtained from multiple linear regression using only 12 empirical variables,which are 1.959,3.718 and 2.181,respectively.The LASSO-PLSR model with empirical support and 20 selected variables exhibited a significantly improved performance after variable deselection,with RMSEP values dropping from 1.635,3.962 and 1.647 to 1.483,3.086 and 1.567,respectively.Such results demonstrate that using empirical knowledge as a support for datadriven variable selection can be a viable approach to improve the accuracy and reliability of LIBS quantification.

基于CMS模型的中国陶瓷出口增长成因分解

随着经济全球化的加深和世界贸易格局的转变,研究中国陶瓷出口发展对调整中国陶瓷未来出口战略有重要意义。基于联合国商品贸易统计数据库(UN Comtrade)资料,通过分析2003—2022年中国陶瓷出口规模、出口市场和出口结构等方面的现状,采用恒定市场模型探讨中国陶瓷出口贸易规模不断增长的原因。研究表明:国际市场陶瓷需求的增加是促进中国陶瓷出口增长的关键因素,竞争力效应和交叉效应在中国陶瓷出口增长过程中为负,中国陶瓷出口在产品结构方面仍存在提升空间。因此,要实现中国陶瓷出口的高质量发展,关键在于开辟新的陶瓷需求市场,提高陶瓷产品的国际市场竞争力、优化陶瓷产品出口结构,制定差异化出口策略等。

变电站站控层服务协议CMS的应用研究

为了实现变电站站控层通信核心技术MMS(制造报文规范)的国产替代,国家电网公司制定了变电站二次系统CMS(通信报文规范),但未给出具体应用实现方案。因此,为推动CMS协议的应用和变电站核心技术的自主可控研究,提出一种在自主可控新一代嵌入式保护装置上实现CMS协议应用的解决方案,阐述了方案具体的程序实现方法,包括编解码实现、通信结构实现、CMS与MMS兼容性应用以及通信安全等,通过服务一致性测试和代码健壮性测试验证了方案的可行性。方案已在自主可控新一代产品平台中得到应用。

基于CMS-SSA-BP模型的混凝土碳化深度预测性能对比

为了提高SSA-BP模型的预测准确性,分别使用三类混沌映射序列(CMS)初始化麻雀位置,帮助SSA-BP模型跳出局部极值,从而提高解的质量。利用200组实际混凝土碳化深度试验数据作为运行数据,以黏接剂剂量、粉煤灰置换水平、水胶比、CO_(2)体积分数、相对湿度、暴露时间作为输入变量,混凝土碳化深度作为输出变量,分别运行2次后得出各项指标数值,对比分析三类CMS-SSA-BP模型各自的优化点。结果表明,经过混沌映射序列(CMS)优化的SSA-BP模型预测性能更佳,其中,Tent-SSA-BP模型的预测精度最佳,Logistic-SSA-BP模型的预测稳定性最佳,Sine-SSA-BP模型的收敛速度最快。

Digital twin driven and intelligence enabled content delivery in end-edge-cloud collaborative 5G networks

The rapid development of 5G/6G and AI enables an environment of Internet of Everything(IoE)which can support millions of connected mobile devices and applications to operate smoothly at high speed and low delay.However,these massive devices will lead to explosive traffic growth,which in turn cause great burden for the data transmission and content delivery.This challenge can be eased by sinking some critical content from cloud to edge.In this case,how to determine the critical content,where to sink and how to access the content correctly and efficiently become new challenges.This work focuses on establishing a highly efficient content delivery framework in the IoE environment.In particular,the IoE environment is re-constructed as an end-edge-cloud collaborative system,in which the concept of digital twin is applied to promote the collaboration.Based on the digital asset obtained by digital twin from end users,a content popularity prediction scheme is firstly proposed to decide the critical content by using the Temporal Pattern Attention(TPA)enabled Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)model.Then,the prediction results are input for the proposed caching scheme to decide where to sink the critical content by using the Reinforce Learning(RL)technology.Finally,a collaborative routing scheme is proposed to determine the way to access the content with the objective of minimizing overhead.The experimental results indicate that the proposed schemes outperform the state-of-the-art benchmarks in terms of the caching hit rate,the average throughput,the successful content delivery rate and the average routing overhead.

Surface and Content Validity of the Mentoring Function Scale for Novice Nurses

This study aimed to examine the surface and content validity of the Mentoring Function Scale for Novice Nurses, used to assess the mentoring of entry-level nurses, and to refine the scale items. In Study 1, six nurse education researchers, selected using convenience sampling, with five or more years of nursing experience and experience teaching novice nurses, were invited to an expert meeting in July 2015. A group interview was conducted that lasted approximately 120 minutes. Study 2 examined the content validity index. Between September and November 2015, we distributed a self-administered questionnaire survey to 11 participants selected by convenience sampling. The participants included five nurse education researchers with a minimum of five years of nursing experience and experience teaching novice nurses, as well as six clinical nurses with a master’s degree or higher. Finally, 81 questionnaire items were retained from the initial 125 items. The 81-item Mentoring Function Scale for Novice Nurses had higher content validity than the original scale. To further increase the scale’s applicability, future studies should assess its reliability, construct validity, and criterion-related validity.

A glutathione S-transferase IbGSTL2 interacts with IbcPGM to increase starch content and improve starch quality in sweetpotato

A glutathione S-transferase(GST)gene IbGSTL2 was cloned and characterized from sweetpotato.It harbored a variation associated with starch content in storage roots.Overexpression of IbGSTL2 increased starch content and amylopectin proportion,decreased gelatinization temperature,and improved degree of crystallinity in sweetpotato storage roots,while its RNA interference resulted in the opposite trends.IbGSTL2 physically interacted with IbcPGM,an enzyme of sucrose metabolism,and improve starch content and quality by regulating genes involved in starch biosynthesis.

A Survey of Digital Content Required for STD Prevention Education Taught by School Nurses

Purpose: In recent years, there has been concern in Japan about the increase in STDs among adolescents aged 15 - 19. In order to prevent STDs and guide adolescents toward desirable sexual behavior, this study’s goal was to examine the actual state of STD prevention education taught by school nurses as part of the school curriculum, as well as the kinds of digital content they wish to have for teaching on the subject. Method: An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was distributed by email and leaflet. Targeting the 100 valid responses received from the surveyed school nurses, descriptive statistics were made for each survey item and comparisons were made between the early- and mid-career groups based on years of experience. Results: 70.0% of respondents reported teaching about STDs in Health & Physical Education classes. School nurses in the early-career group used ready-made materials, while the mid-career group used both ready-made and self-made materials. 95% of respondents reported that they had little or no knowledge of STDs, while 84% reported that they were “good” or “fairly good” at teaching classes on sexuality. Both groups reported difficulty with the topics of “phimosis” and “nocturnal emissions” in the physiological category, “sexual behavior” in the “sex-adjacent” category, and “sexual and reproductive issues” in the psychosocial category. Respondents expressed a need for digital content covering the topics of “sexual violence”, “sexual abuse”, “sexually transmitted diseases”, and “how to turn down sex”. The mid-career group desired digital content for more items than the early-career group, with significant differences in the pathogens involved in sexually transmitted diseases and sex-adjacent items. 32.0% of respondents answered that they had done self-study for sex education classes in the past three years, and both groups desired self-study on “sexually transmitted diseases”, with the mid-career group significantly higher than the early-career group on “cervical cancer & HPV”, “emergency contraceptives”, and “media literacy”. Conclusion: Health & Physical Education is the main subject that covers STDs, and pre-existing materials are commonly used. It is expected that this is due to nurses’ busy schedules and the fact that only one school nurse is assigned to each school. The data collected suggested that nurse teachers want categorized digital content that can be used in the classes they are responsible for, rather than educational content on topics they are not comfortable with. In addition, given the changing environment surrounding sex, it was clear that they wish to understand the realities and needs of the high school students they teach, and desire self-study opportunities to improve their teaching methods.

Quantitative characterizations of anisotropic dynamic properties in organic-rich shale with different kerogen content

Understanding the quantitative responses of anisotropic dynamic properties in organic-rich shale with different kerogen content(KC)is of great significance in hydrocarbon exploration and development.Conducting controlled experiments with a single variable is challenging for natural shales due to their high variations in components,diagenesis conditions,or pore fluid.We employed the hot-pressing technique to construct 11 well-controlled artificial shale with varying KC.These artificial shale samples were successive machined into prismatic shape for ultrasonic measurements along different directions.Observations revealed bedding perpendicular P-wave velocities are more sensitive to the increasing KC than bedding paralleling velocities due to the preferential alignments of kerogen.All elastic stiffnesses except C_(13)are generally decreasing with the increasing KC,the variation of C_(1) and C_(33)on kerogen content are more sensitive than those of C_(44)and C_(66).Apparent dynamic mechanical parameters(v and E)were found to have linear correlation with the true ones from complete anisotropic equations independent of KC,which hold value towards the interpretation of well logs consistently across formations,Anisotropic mechanical parameters(ΔE and brittlenessΔB)tend to decrease with the reducing KC,withΔB showing great sensitivity to KC variations.In the range of low KC(<10%),the V_(P)/V_(S) ratio demonstrated a linearly negative correlation with KC,and the V_(P)/V_(S) ratio magnitude of less than 1.75may serve as a significant characterization for highly organic-rich(>10%)shale,compilation of data from natural organic rich-shales globally verified the similar systematic relationships that can be empirically used to predict the fraction of KC in shales.

Longitudinal dependence of the forecast accuracy of the ionospheric total electron content in the equatorial zone

The longitudinal dependence of the behavior of ionospheric parameters has been the subject of a number of works where significant variations are discovered.This also applies to the prediction of the ionospheric total electron content(TEC),which neural network methods have recently been widely used.However,the results are mainly presented for a limited set of meridians.This paper examines the longitudinal dependence of the TEC forecast accuracy in the equatorial zone.In this case,the methods are used that provided the best accuracy on three meridians:European(30°E),Southeastern(110°E)and American(75°W).Results for the stations considered are analyzed as a function of longitude using the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Global Ionosphere Map(JPL GIM)for 2015.These results are for 2 h ahead and 24 h ahead forecast.It was found that in this case,based on the metric values,three groups of architectures can be distinguished.The first group included long short-term memory(LSTM),gated recurrent unit(GRU),and temporal convolutional networks(TCN)models as a part of unidirectional deep learning models;the second group is based on the recurrent models from the first group,which were supplemented with a bidirectional algorithm,increasing the TEC forecasting accuracy by 2-3 times.The third group,which includes the bidirectional TCN architecture(BiTCN),provided the highest accuracy.For this architecture,according to data obtained for 9 equatorial stations,practical independence of the TEC prediction accuracy from longitude was observed under the following metrics(Mean Absolute Error MAE,Root Mean Square Error RMSE,Mean Absolute Percentage Error MAPE):MAE(2 h)is 0.2 TECU approximately;MAE(24 h)is 0.4 TECU approximately;RMSE(2 h)is less than 0.5 TECU except Niue station(RMSE(2 h)is 1 TECU approximately);RMSE(24 h)is in the range of 1.0-1.7 TECU;MAPE(2 h)<1%except Darwin station,MAPE(24 h)<2%.This result was confirmed by data from additional 5 stations that formed latitudinal chains in the equatorial part of the three meridians.The complete correspondence of the observational and predicted TEC values is illustrated using several stations for disturbed conditions on December 19-22,2015,which included the strongest magnetic storm in the second half of the year(min Dst=-155 nT).

Selection and application of four QTLs for grain protein content in modern wheat cultivars

The grain protein content(GPC)is the key parameter for wheat grain nutritional quality.This study conducted a resampling GWAS analysis using 406 wheat accessions across eight environments,and identified four previously reported GPC QTLs.An analysis of 87 landraces and 259 modern cultivars revealed the loss of superior GPC haplotypes,especially in Chinese cultivars.These haplotypes were preferentially adopted in different agroecological zones and had broad effects on wheat yield and agronomic traits.Most GPC QTLs did not significantly reduce yield,suggesting that high GPC can be achieved without a yield penalty.The results of this study provide a reference for future GPC breeding in wheat using the four identified QTLs.

A Study on the Correlation between Salivary Cortisol Content and Anxiety and Depression in Pregnant and Postpartum Women

Objective: To analyze the correlation between salivary cortisol content and anxiety and depression in pregnant and postpartum women. Method: 300 pregnant and postpartum women who were admitted from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. They were all tested with the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). 40 pregnant women with anxiety and depression were selected as the observation group, and 50 normal pregnant women were selected as the control group, adopting logistic regression analysis to investigate the correlation between salivary cortisol and postpartum anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Result: The salivary cortisol levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group before bedtime, after waking up the next day, 15 minutes after waking up, 30 minutes after waking up, 60 minutes after waking up, and 1 hour before lunch (p < 0.05). Maternal depression and anxiety were not related to age, weight, gestational age, negative events, or history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth (p > 0.05). Maternal depression and anxiety are closely related to salivary cortisol levels and educational background (p Conclusion: There is a close correlation between anxiety and depression and an increase in cortisol levels, suggesting that the salivary cortisol awakening response during pregnancy has a predictive effect on the occurrence of postpartum depression.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the pivotal role of phytohormone homeostasis in regulating maize grain water content

Grain water content(GWC)is a key determinant for mechanical harvesting of maize(Zea mays).In our previous research,we identified a quantitative trait locus,qGWC1,associated with GWC in maize.Here,we examined near-isogenic lines(NILs)NILL and NILH that differed at the qGWC1 locus.Lower GWC in NILL was primarily attributed to reduced grain water weight(GWW)and smaller fresh grain size,rather than the accumulation of dry matter.The difference in GWC between the NILs became more pronounced approximately 35 d after pollination(DAP),arising from a faster dehydration rate in NILL.Through an integrated analysis of the transcriptome,proteome,and metabolome,coupled with an examination of hormones and their derivatives,we detected a marked decrease in JA,along with an increase in cytokinin,storage forms of IAA(IAA-Glu,IAA-ASP),and IAA precursor IPA in immature NILL kernels.During kernel development,genes associated with sucrose synthases,starch biosynthesis,and zein production in NILL,exhibited an initial up-regulation followed by a gradual down-regulation,compared to those in NILH.This discovery highlights the crucial role of phytohormone homeostasis and genes related to kernel development in balancing GWC and dry matter accumulation in maize kernels.

Predictability of the upper ocean heat content in a Community Earth System Model ensemble prediction system

Upper ocean heat content(OHC)has been widely recognized as a crucial precursor to high-impact climate variability,especially for that being indispensable to the long-term memory of the ocean.Assessing the predictability of OHC using state-of-the-art climate models is invaluable for improving and advancing climate forecasts.Recently developed retrospective forecast experiments,based on a Community Earth System Model ensemble prediction system,offer a great opportunity to comprehensively explore OHC predictability.Our results indicate that the skill of actual OHC predictions varies across different oceans and diminishes as the lead time of prediction extends.The spatial distribution of the actual prediction skill closely resembles the corresponding persistence skill,indicating that the persistence of OHC serves as the primary predictive signal for its predictability.The decline in actual prediction skill is more pronounced in the Indian and Atlantic oceans than in the Pacific Ocean,particularly within tropical regions.Additionally,notable seasonal variations in the actual prediction skills across different oceans align well with the phase-locking features of OHC variability.The potential predictability of OHC generally surpasses the actual prediction skill at all lead times,highlighting significant room for improvement in current OHC predictions,especially for the North Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean.Achieving such improvements necessitates a collaborative effort to enhance the quality of ocean observations,develop effective data assimilation methods,and reduce model bias.