Cucurbitaceae is one of the most important plant families distributed worldwide.Transcription factors(TFs)regulate plant growth at the transcription level.Here,we performed a systematic analysis of 42641 TFs from 63 f...Cucurbitaceae is one of the most important plant families distributed worldwide.Transcription factors(TFs)regulate plant growth at the transcription level.Here,we performed a systematic analysis of 42641 TFs from 63 families in 14 Cucurbitaceae and 10 non-cucurbit species.Whole-genome duplication(WGD)was the dominant event type in almost all Cucurbitaceae plants.The TF families were divided into 1210 orthogroups(OGs),of which,112 were unique to Cucurbitaceae.Although the loss of several gene families was detected in Cucurbitaceae,the gene families expanded in five species that experienced a WGD event comparing with grape.Our findings revealed that the recent WGD events that had occurred in Cucurbitaceae played important roles in the expansion of most TF families.The functional enrichment analysis of the genes that significantly expanded or contracted uncovered five gene families,AUX/IAA,NAC,NBS,HB,and NF-YB.Finally,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the TCP gene family and identified 16 tendril-related(TEN)genes in 11 Cucurbitaceae species.Interestingly,the characteristic sequence changed from CNNFYFP to CNNFYLP in the TEN gene(Bhi06M000087)of Benincasa hispida.Furthermore,we identified a new characteristic sequence,YNN,which could be used for TEN gene exploitation in Cucurbitaceae.In conclusion,this study will serve as a reference for studying the relationship between gene family evolution and genome duplication.Moreover,it will provide rich genetic resources for functional Cucurbitaceae studies in the future.展开更多
DNA polymorphism in the cultivar species;Cucumis sativus L., C. melo L. and Benincasa hispida Cogn. of subtribe Cucumerinae (Cucurbitaceae) in the four northeastern provinces of Thailand was examined by using RAPD tec...DNA polymorphism in the cultivar species;Cucumis sativus L., C. melo L. and Benincasa hispida Cogn. of subtribe Cucumerinae (Cucurbitaceae) in the four northeastern provinces of Thailand was examined by using RAPD technique. Twenty 10-mer primers were produced 212 RAPD fragments, ranging from approximately 120 to 2531 bp. The genetic similarities were estimated from banding profiles using a NTSYS* version 2.1 as a basis for dendrogram construction via the UPGMA method. Cluster analysis divided the taxa under study into 2 clades. Moreover, a RAPD marker: Cm (OPJ11700) was specified to C. melo, and this marker was converted into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker: Cm (SCJ11516). A pair of sequence-specific primer of clones Cm (OPJ11700) amplified a distinct single band of the same size as the RAPD clones. The SCAR marker was developed successfully to identify C. melo genotype.展开更多
Somatic embryo is widely used in genetic engineering and cell engineering. This paper reviewed the recent research results of somatic embryogenesis in Cucurbitaceae plants. Somatic embryogenesis is controlled by many ...Somatic embryo is widely used in genetic engineering and cell engineering. This paper reviewed the recent research results of somatic embryogenesis in Cucurbitaceae plants. Somatic embryogenesis is controlled by many factors such as genotype, explant type, seedling age, basal culture medium, carbohydrate, nitrogen, growth regulators, additives and illumination et al.. Abnormality, desynchrony and browning are the main problem existing in Cucurbitaceae somatic embryogenesis. Then some ideas on how to obtain high quality somatic embryo are given. At last, we forecast the application of somatic embryo in breeding of Cucurbitaceae plants.展开更多
A mixture of new ceramides (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) together with a binary mixture of ceramides with long chain alkyl (6 and 7), triterpenoid (10) and steroids (11 and 12) have been isolated from bark of the fruits and of t...A mixture of new ceramides (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) together with a binary mixture of ceramides with long chain alkyl (6 and 7), triterpenoid (10) and steroids (11 and 12) have been isolated from bark of the fruits and of the stems of Luffa operculata (Cucurbitaceae). The structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectro- scopic analysis including 1H and 13C NMR, DEPT (distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer), COSY (correlated spectroscopy), HMQC (heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence), HMBC (heteronu- clear multiple bond connectivity), IR (infrared), HR-ESI-MS (electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectra) and LR-MS (low resolution electron ionization mass spectra) experiments. All the ceramides are reported for the first time in Cucurbitaceae and this is the first report of the rare triterpene 10 isolated from Luffa operculata. The ceramides 6 and 7 showed a high acetylcholine esterase inhibitory effect.展开更多
In this paper,the advances in study on triterpenoids in Trichosanthes,Hemsleya,Gynostemma,Actinostemma and Siraitia Merr. plants were reviewed.Terpenoids are the main secondary metabolites of Cucurbitaceae and have ob...In this paper,the advances in study on triterpenoids in Trichosanthes,Hemsleya,Gynostemma,Actinostemma and Siraitia Merr. plants were reviewed.Terpenoids are the main secondary metabolites of Cucurbitaceae and have obvious pharmacological activity. It is noteworthy that in these plants,there are a variety of triterpenoids,which are diverse in structure. Triterpenoid saponins have greater potential for development.展开更多
The ability of climbing plants to grow upward along others to reach the canopy for photosynthesis is hypothesized as a key innovation in flowering plants.Most members of the Cucurbitaceae,a family containing^1000 spec...The ability of climbing plants to grow upward along others to reach the canopy for photosynthesis is hypothesized as a key innovation in flowering plants.Most members of the Cucurbitaceae,a family containing^1000 species and many important crops,are climbers and have characteristic tendrils and pepo fruits.Here,we present 127 newly sequenced transcdptomes and genomes along with other datasets for a total of 136 cucurbits representing all tribes to establish a robust Cucurbitaceae phylogeny containing eight highly resolved major clades.We analyzed whole-genome duplication,diversification dynamics,and ancestral morphologies,and found that after early genome duplication event(s),a burst of diversification and morphological innovations in flower,fruit,and root characters occurred under the climate optimum in the Early Eocene.Species radiation during the Mid-Eocene Climatic Optimum also coincided with several morphological changes shared by 80%of cucurbits.We found that the cucurbit-specific tendril identity gene TEN originated from a paleo-polyploidization event at the origin of the family.Our results support the hypothesis that cucurbit diversifications were probably driven by increased genetic diversity following polyploidizations and by trait morphological innovations under paleo-climate upheavals.Our study provides a phylogenetic framework and new insights into morphological and genomic changes underlying the adaptive evolution of Cucurbitaceae.展开更多
A double-headed trypsin inhibitor(MCI-1)was isolated and purified from the seeds of Momordica charantia Linn.Cucurbitaceae,by using the trypsin-sepharose-4B affinity chroma- tography and CM-Sephadex-C50 ion exchange c...A double-headed trypsin inhibitor(MCI-1)was isolated and purified from the seeds of Momordica charantia Linn.Cucurbitaceae,by using the trypsin-sepharose-4B affinity chroma- tography and CM-Sephadex-C50 ion exchange chromatography.It is composed of 77 amino acid residues:Asp_8 Thr_1 Ser_4 Glu_8 Pro_2 Gly_6 Ala_4 Cys_(14) Val_2 Met_4 Ile_8 Leu_1 Phe_1 His_3 Lys_ Arg_7. The amino acid sequence of MCI-1 was determined by sequencing the cyanogen bromide,tryptic and staphylococcus aureus V8 proteolytic peptides,then aligned by overlapped sequences.The result shows that MCI-1 contains 7 pairs of disulfide bonds,its sequence showed the high homology with those of “Bowman-Birk”inhibitors.About 50% trypsin inhibitory activity still remained after MCI-1 was cleavaged with cyanogen bromide.展开更多
From rhizomes of Hemsleya giganthy collected in Shichuan of China, 16 compounds were isolated. Among them, three compounds (8, 9, 15) are new natural products called Hemslecins G; Hemsgiganosides A and B; respectivel...From rhizomes of Hemsleya giganthy collected in Shichuan of China, 16 compounds were isolated. Among them, three compounds (8, 9, 15) are new natural products called Hemslecins G; Hemsgiganosides A and B; respectively. Their structures were elucidated as 7- hydroxy-23, 24-dihydro-cucurbitacin F-25-O-acetate (8); 3-O-(6-butyl ester-)-b-D-glu- curono- pyranosyl)-oleanolic acid-28-O-a-L-arabinopyranoside(9); 3-O-b-D-glucuropyranosyl oleanolic acid -28-O-b-D-gluco pyranosyl-(16)- b-D-glucopyranoside(15) by spectroscopic and chemical means.展开更多
A new lignan ligballinone 1 with the know ligbaUinol 2 were isolated from plant Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic methods including ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR (^1H, ^13C, DEPT...A new lignan ligballinone 1 with the know ligbaUinol 2 were isolated from plant Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic methods including ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR (^1H, ^13C, DEPT, ^1H-^1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC) and X-ray diffraction experiment for 2.展开更多
Three new cucurbitacins were isolated from the BuOH extract of the rhizomes of Hemsleya lijiangensis. Their structures were elucidated as 23, 24 -dihydro cucurbitacin F-16, 25-diacetate(1), 23, 24-dihydro cucurbitaci...Three new cucurbitacins were isolated from the BuOH extract of the rhizomes of Hemsleya lijiangensis. Their structures were elucidated as 23, 24 -dihydro cucurbitacin F-16, 25-diacetate(1), 23, 24-dihydro cucurbitacin F-16, 25-diacetate-2-O-β-D glucopyranoside (2), 23, 24-dihydro-cucurbitacin F-16-acetate(3), respectively; by spectral analyses.展开更多
Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.is a climber of the Cucurbitaceae family mainly found in tropical Asia.The fruit is widely consumed as a vegetable and different parts of this plant are used in the traditional medicine to tr...Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.is a climber of the Cucurbitaceae family mainly found in tropical Asia.The fruit is widely consumed as a vegetable and different parts of this plant are used in the traditional medicine to treat various types of human ailments.In this review,we critically analyzed and presented the scientific studies on T.dioica available in three electronic databases viz.PubMed,Web of Science and Google Scholar.Our aim was to find the scientific basis of the traditional use to understand the plant’s potential in therapy.Studies have found promising antihyperglycemic,antihyperlipidemic,antitumor,cytotoxic,arsenic poisoning ameliorative,anti-inflammatory,antidiarrheal,and varieties of pharmacological activities of T.dioica.Different types of bioactive compounds have been identified and isolated from T.dioica including peptides namely trichosanthin and lectin;a number of triterpenes like cucurbitacin B,euphol,α-amyrin,-amyrin,lupeol,taraxerol,betulin,and karounidiol;sterols,steroidal saponin,tannin,flavonoids etc.T.dioica contains a number of well-known bioactive phytochemicals and the plant has shown an array of pharmacological activities in vivo.This review will expand our understanding of the therapeutic potential of T.dioica and their phytochemical basis which may help in further research on this species.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria fruit(ELSF) on fat amassment and serum TNF-αin high-fat diet-induced obese rats.Methods:The high fat diet induced obese rals were orall...Objective:To investigate the effects of ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria fruit(ELSF) on fat amassment and serum TNF-αin high-fat diet-induced obese rats.Methods:The high fat diet induced obese rals were orally treated with orlistat(50 mg/kg) and ELSF(100,200.300 mg/kg/day) to the respective treatment groups.The body weight,lasting blood glucose level,lipid profile, serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in rats were measured after 30 days of treatment adn compared to the obese control animals.Results:ELSF significantly(P 【 0.001) reduced the body weight gain,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride,total protein and TNF-α.Conclusions:These encouraging findings suggest that Lagenaria siceraria has excellent pharmacological potential to prevent fat amassment.展开更多
Two new compounds, oleanolic acid 28-O--D-glucopyranosyl-3-O--L-arabinopyrano- syl-(13)-(6-butyl ester)--D-glucuropyranoside 1, oleanolic acid 28-O--D-glucopyranosyl- (16)--D-glucopyranoside 2 have been isolated from ...Two new compounds, oleanolic acid 28-O--D-glucopyranosyl-3-O--L-arabinopyrano- syl-(13)-(6-butyl ester)--D-glucuropyranoside 1, oleanolic acid 28-O--D-glucopyranosyl- (16)--D-glucopyranoside 2 have been isolated from the roots of Hemsleya penxianensis var. gulinensis. Their structures were determined on the bases of the spectral and chemical evidences.展开更多
Pachycereus marginatus (DC.) Britton & Rose and Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Greene have been used in the Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. The present study a...Pachycereus marginatus (DC.) Britton & Rose and Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Greene have been used in the Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. The present study aims to investigate the cytotoxic activity of these plants against a murine lymphoma. Soxhlet extraction of dried and powdered plant material was performed with methanol. Also, a further partitioning of these methanolic extracts with hexane and ethyl acetate was achieved. The in vitro cytotoxic activity against the murine lymphoma L5178Y-R cell line was assessed via the colorimetric MTT assay. The methanol extract from P. marginatus exhibited high cytotoxic activity (up to 94%) at concentrations ranging from 3.9 to 500 μg/mL;however, hexane and ethyl acetate partitions from this methanolic extract showed lower but significant (p < 0.05) concentration-dependent cytotoxicity (hexane partition up to 94% at 500 μg/mL;ethyl acetate partition up to 94% at 65.5 μg/mL). The methanolic extract and partitions derived from I. sonorae also showed significant (p < 0.05) and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against L5178Y-R cells at concentrations ranging from 7.81 to 500 μg/mL (methanolic extract up to 63% at 500 μg/mL;hexane partition up to 76% at 250 μg/mL;ethyl acetate partition up to 73% at 500 μg/mL). These results demonstrate that the methanol extracts and partitions from P. marginatus and I. sonorae possess significant cytotoxic activity against the murine lymphoma L5178Y-R and validate the ethnobotanical use of these plants for the treatment of diseases consistent with cancer symptomatology. Previous scientific reports describe the isolation of isoquinoline alkaloids of P. marginatus as well as cucurbitacins from I. sonorae, phytochemicals that could be responsible for their observed cytotoxic activity in this research. The direct extraction with methanol of medicinal plants allows extracting of both high and low-polarity compounds, contrary to the simple extraction with water that only allows obtaining compounds of high polarity. The subsequent partition of the methanol extract with a solvent of low polarity (hexane) and another of medium polarity (ethyl acetate) allows making a preliminary fractionation of the bioactive molecules present in the plant that will facilitate the bioguided chromatographic isolation of the pure compounds responsible for the biological activity of the plant.展开更多
The research was done to determine the effects of paclobutrazol (PBZ) through the dose of 150 mg·L-1, on the quality of seedlings determined by the content of chlorophyll, height, leaf area, dry matter of roots a...The research was done to determine the effects of paclobutrazol (PBZ) through the dose of 150 mg·L-1, on the quality of seedlings determined by the content of chlorophyll, height, leaf area, dry matter of roots and of the aerial part of cucumber, squash, melon and watermelon. Sowing of all species carried out on October 21, 2013 in polystyrene trays with 200 cavities filled with peat moss. Treatments were the doses of 150 mg of PBZ·L-1 water and the control (distilled water). The solution with PBZ and the distilled water were applied only once with manual atomizer on cotyledonal leaves by mean of 25 shots made approximately with the same force, having put physical barriers between experimental units. In the four species (cucumber, squash, melon and watermelon) the PBZ increased the chlorophyll content in 26.0%, 14.9%, 19.4% and 26.5%, respectively, compared to the control;height decreased in 24.0%, 34.7%, 16.3% and 23.4%;leaf area decreased in 40.1, 0.5, 30.4 and 16.2%;the dry matter of roots increased in 20.0%, 62.5%, 85.7% and 19.7%;whereas in cucumber the dry matter of the aerial part increased 12.3%, in squash decreased 5.3%, and in melon and watermelon increased in the respective 22.9 and 3.3%, so that the 150 mg dose of PBZ can be used to produce seedlings with higher quality for transplant.展开更多
Siraitia grosvenorii is a perennial herb endemic to Guangxi province of China. Its fruit, commonly known as Luo hanguo, and has been used for hundreds of years as a natural sweetener and as a traditional medicine for ...Siraitia grosvenorii is a perennial herb endemic to Guangxi province of China. Its fruit, commonly known as Luo hanguo, and has been used for hundreds of years as a natural sweetener and as a traditional medicine for the treatment of pharyngitis, pharyngeal pain, as well as an anti-tussive remedy in China. Based on ninety-three literary sources, this review summarized the advances in chemistry, biological effects, and toxicity research of S. grosvenorii during the past 30 years. Several different classes of compounds have been isolated or detected from various parts of S. grosvenorii, mainly triterpenoids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, amino acids, and essential oils. Various types of extracts or individual compounds derived from this species exhibited a wide array of biological effects e.g. anti-tussive, phlegm-relieving, anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, liver-protecting, glucose-lowering, and anti-microbial. The existing research has shown that extracts and individual compounds from S. grosvenorii are basically non-toxic. Finally, some suggestions for further research on specific chemical and pharmacological properties of S. grosvenorii are proposed in this review.展开更多
Trichosanthin, a protein isolated from the root tuber of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim(Cucurbitaceae), is the active proteinous principle of a Chinese medicine. It is able to induce abortion of mid-gestation and to te...Trichosanthin, a protein isolated from the root tuber of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim(Cucurbitaceae), is the active proteinous principle of a Chinese medicine. It is able to induce abortion of mid-gestation and to terminate early pregnancy, and it is effective for treatment of benign, malignant hydatidiform moles and ectopic pregnancy. Recently it has also been found an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) and a展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei(Grant No.C2021209005)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32172583)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar of Hebei Province(Grant No.C2022209010)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2020M673188,2021T140097).
文摘Cucurbitaceae is one of the most important plant families distributed worldwide.Transcription factors(TFs)regulate plant growth at the transcription level.Here,we performed a systematic analysis of 42641 TFs from 63 families in 14 Cucurbitaceae and 10 non-cucurbit species.Whole-genome duplication(WGD)was the dominant event type in almost all Cucurbitaceae plants.The TF families were divided into 1210 orthogroups(OGs),of which,112 were unique to Cucurbitaceae.Although the loss of several gene families was detected in Cucurbitaceae,the gene families expanded in five species that experienced a WGD event comparing with grape.Our findings revealed that the recent WGD events that had occurred in Cucurbitaceae played important roles in the expansion of most TF families.The functional enrichment analysis of the genes that significantly expanded or contracted uncovered five gene families,AUX/IAA,NAC,NBS,HB,and NF-YB.Finally,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the TCP gene family and identified 16 tendril-related(TEN)genes in 11 Cucurbitaceae species.Interestingly,the characteristic sequence changed from CNNFYFP to CNNFYLP in the TEN gene(Bhi06M000087)of Benincasa hispida.Furthermore,we identified a new characteristic sequence,YNN,which could be used for TEN gene exploitation in Cucurbitaceae.In conclusion,this study will serve as a reference for studying the relationship between gene family evolution and genome duplication.Moreover,it will provide rich genetic resources for functional Cucurbitaceae studies in the future.
文摘DNA polymorphism in the cultivar species;Cucumis sativus L., C. melo L. and Benincasa hispida Cogn. of subtribe Cucumerinae (Cucurbitaceae) in the four northeastern provinces of Thailand was examined by using RAPD technique. Twenty 10-mer primers were produced 212 RAPD fragments, ranging from approximately 120 to 2531 bp. The genetic similarities were estimated from banding profiles using a NTSYS* version 2.1 as a basis for dendrogram construction via the UPGMA method. Cluster analysis divided the taxa under study into 2 clades. Moreover, a RAPD marker: Cm (OPJ11700) was specified to C. melo, and this marker was converted into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker: Cm (SCJ11516). A pair of sequence-specific primer of clones Cm (OPJ11700) amplified a distinct single band of the same size as the RAPD clones. The SCAR marker was developed successfully to identify C. melo genotype.
文摘Somatic embryo is widely used in genetic engineering and cell engineering. This paper reviewed the recent research results of somatic embryogenesis in Cucurbitaceae plants. Somatic embryogenesis is controlled by many factors such as genotype, explant type, seedling age, basal culture medium, carbohydrate, nitrogen, growth regulators, additives and illumination et al.. Abnormality, desynchrony and browning are the main problem existing in Cucurbitaceae somatic embryogenesis. Then some ideas on how to obtain high quality somatic embryo are given. At last, we forecast the application of somatic embryo in breeding of Cucurbitaceae plants.
基金Fundacao Cearense de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Ceara(FUNCAP)for grantsto Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico(CNPq-Brazil)for a research fellowship and grants.
文摘A mixture of new ceramides (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) together with a binary mixture of ceramides with long chain alkyl (6 and 7), triterpenoid (10) and steroids (11 and 12) have been isolated from bark of the fruits and of the stems of Luffa operculata (Cucurbitaceae). The structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectro- scopic analysis including 1H and 13C NMR, DEPT (distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer), COSY (correlated spectroscopy), HMQC (heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence), HMBC (heteronu- clear multiple bond connectivity), IR (infrared), HR-ESI-MS (electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectra) and LR-MS (low resolution electron ionization mass spectra) experiments. All the ceramides are reported for the first time in Cucurbitaceae and this is the first report of the rare triterpene 10 isolated from Luffa operculata. The ceramides 6 and 7 showed a high acetylcholine esterase inhibitory effect.
文摘In this paper,the advances in study on triterpenoids in Trichosanthes,Hemsleya,Gynostemma,Actinostemma and Siraitia Merr. plants were reviewed.Terpenoids are the main secondary metabolites of Cucurbitaceae and have obvious pharmacological activity. It is noteworthy that in these plants,there are a variety of triterpenoids,which are diverse in structure. Triterpenoid saponins have greater potential for development.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.31770242 and 31970224).
文摘The ability of climbing plants to grow upward along others to reach the canopy for photosynthesis is hypothesized as a key innovation in flowering plants.Most members of the Cucurbitaceae,a family containing^1000 species and many important crops,are climbers and have characteristic tendrils and pepo fruits.Here,we present 127 newly sequenced transcdptomes and genomes along with other datasets for a total of 136 cucurbits representing all tribes to establish a robust Cucurbitaceae phylogeny containing eight highly resolved major clades.We analyzed whole-genome duplication,diversification dynamics,and ancestral morphologies,and found that after early genome duplication event(s),a burst of diversification and morphological innovations in flower,fruit,and root characters occurred under the climate optimum in the Early Eocene.Species radiation during the Mid-Eocene Climatic Optimum also coincided with several morphological changes shared by 80%of cucurbits.We found that the cucurbit-specific tendril identity gene TEN originated from a paleo-polyploidization event at the origin of the family.Our results support the hypothesis that cucurbit diversifications were probably driven by increased genetic diversity following polyploidizations and by trait morphological innovations under paleo-climate upheavals.Our study provides a phylogenetic framework and new insights into morphological and genomic changes underlying the adaptive evolution of Cucurbitaceae.
文摘A double-headed trypsin inhibitor(MCI-1)was isolated and purified from the seeds of Momordica charantia Linn.Cucurbitaceae,by using the trypsin-sepharose-4B affinity chroma- tography and CM-Sephadex-C50 ion exchange chromatography.It is composed of 77 amino acid residues:Asp_8 Thr_1 Ser_4 Glu_8 Pro_2 Gly_6 Ala_4 Cys_(14) Val_2 Met_4 Ile_8 Leu_1 Phe_1 His_3 Lys_ Arg_7. The amino acid sequence of MCI-1 was determined by sequencing the cyanogen bromide,tryptic and staphylococcus aureus V8 proteolytic peptides,then aligned by overlapped sequences.The result shows that MCI-1 contains 7 pairs of disulfide bonds,its sequence showed the high homology with those of “Bowman-Birk”inhibitors.About 50% trypsin inhibitory activity still remained after MCI-1 was cleavaged with cyanogen bromide.
基金The authors are grateful to the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.39970086)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan(Grant No.98C089M)also thank the members of analytical group in Phytochemistry LaboratoTy,Kunming Institute of Botany for their measuring spectral data.
文摘From rhizomes of Hemsleya giganthy collected in Shichuan of China, 16 compounds were isolated. Among them, three compounds (8, 9, 15) are new natural products called Hemslecins G; Hemsgiganosides A and B; respectively. Their structures were elucidated as 7- hydroxy-23, 24-dihydro-cucurbitacin F-25-O-acetate (8); 3-O-(6-butyl ester-)-b-D-glu- curono- pyranosyl)-oleanolic acid-28-O-a-L-arabinopyranoside(9); 3-O-b-D-glucuropyranosyl oleanolic acid -28-O-b-D-gluco pyranosyl-(16)- b-D-glucopyranoside(15) by spectroscopic and chemical means.
基金supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China.
文摘A new lignan ligballinone 1 with the know ligbaUinol 2 were isolated from plant Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic methods including ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR (^1H, ^13C, DEPT, ^1H-^1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC) and X-ray diffraction experiment for 2.
基金The authors are grateful to the financial support of the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant No.39970086) and the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan (Grant No.98C089M) also thank the members of analytical group in Phytochemistry Labo
文摘Three new cucurbitacins were isolated from the BuOH extract of the rhizomes of Hemsleya lijiangensis. Their structures were elucidated as 23, 24 -dihydro cucurbitacin F-16, 25-diacetate(1), 23, 24-dihydro cucurbitacin F-16, 25-diacetate-2-O-β-D glucopyranoside (2), 23, 24-dihydro-cucurbitacin F-16-acetate(3), respectively; by spectral analyses.
文摘Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.is a climber of the Cucurbitaceae family mainly found in tropical Asia.The fruit is widely consumed as a vegetable and different parts of this plant are used in the traditional medicine to treat various types of human ailments.In this review,we critically analyzed and presented the scientific studies on T.dioica available in three electronic databases viz.PubMed,Web of Science and Google Scholar.Our aim was to find the scientific basis of the traditional use to understand the plant’s potential in therapy.Studies have found promising antihyperglycemic,antihyperlipidemic,antitumor,cytotoxic,arsenic poisoning ameliorative,anti-inflammatory,antidiarrheal,and varieties of pharmacological activities of T.dioica.Different types of bioactive compounds have been identified and isolated from T.dioica including peptides namely trichosanthin and lectin;a number of triterpenes like cucurbitacin B,euphol,α-amyrin,-amyrin,lupeol,taraxerol,betulin,and karounidiol;sterols,steroidal saponin,tannin,flavonoids etc.T.dioica contains a number of well-known bioactive phytochemicals and the plant has shown an array of pharmacological activities in vivo.This review will expand our understanding of the therapeutic potential of T.dioica and their phytochemical basis which may help in further research on this species.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria fruit(ELSF) on fat amassment and serum TNF-αin high-fat diet-induced obese rats.Methods:The high fat diet induced obese rals were orally treated with orlistat(50 mg/kg) and ELSF(100,200.300 mg/kg/day) to the respective treatment groups.The body weight,lasting blood glucose level,lipid profile, serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in rats were measured after 30 days of treatment adn compared to the obese control animals.Results:ELSF significantly(P 【 0.001) reduced the body weight gain,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride,total protein and TNF-α.Conclusions:These encouraging findings suggest that Lagenaria siceraria has excellent pharmacological potential to prevent fat amassment.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.98C089M and No.39970086). The authors were grateful to the Departmental of Instrument Analysis Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy o
文摘Two new compounds, oleanolic acid 28-O--D-glucopyranosyl-3-O--L-arabinopyrano- syl-(13)-(6-butyl ester)--D-glucuropyranoside 1, oleanolic acid 28-O--D-glucopyranosyl- (16)--D-glucopyranoside 2 have been isolated from the roots of Hemsleya penxianensis var. gulinensis. Their structures were determined on the bases of the spectral and chemical evidences.
文摘Pachycereus marginatus (DC.) Britton & Rose and Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Greene have been used in the Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. The present study aims to investigate the cytotoxic activity of these plants against a murine lymphoma. Soxhlet extraction of dried and powdered plant material was performed with methanol. Also, a further partitioning of these methanolic extracts with hexane and ethyl acetate was achieved. The in vitro cytotoxic activity against the murine lymphoma L5178Y-R cell line was assessed via the colorimetric MTT assay. The methanol extract from P. marginatus exhibited high cytotoxic activity (up to 94%) at concentrations ranging from 3.9 to 500 μg/mL;however, hexane and ethyl acetate partitions from this methanolic extract showed lower but significant (p < 0.05) concentration-dependent cytotoxicity (hexane partition up to 94% at 500 μg/mL;ethyl acetate partition up to 94% at 65.5 μg/mL). The methanolic extract and partitions derived from I. sonorae also showed significant (p < 0.05) and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against L5178Y-R cells at concentrations ranging from 7.81 to 500 μg/mL (methanolic extract up to 63% at 500 μg/mL;hexane partition up to 76% at 250 μg/mL;ethyl acetate partition up to 73% at 500 μg/mL). These results demonstrate that the methanol extracts and partitions from P. marginatus and I. sonorae possess significant cytotoxic activity against the murine lymphoma L5178Y-R and validate the ethnobotanical use of these plants for the treatment of diseases consistent with cancer symptomatology. Previous scientific reports describe the isolation of isoquinoline alkaloids of P. marginatus as well as cucurbitacins from I. sonorae, phytochemicals that could be responsible for their observed cytotoxic activity in this research. The direct extraction with methanol of medicinal plants allows extracting of both high and low-polarity compounds, contrary to the simple extraction with water that only allows obtaining compounds of high polarity. The subsequent partition of the methanol extract with a solvent of low polarity (hexane) and another of medium polarity (ethyl acetate) allows making a preliminary fractionation of the bioactive molecules present in the plant that will facilitate the bioguided chromatographic isolation of the pure compounds responsible for the biological activity of the plant.
文摘The research was done to determine the effects of paclobutrazol (PBZ) through the dose of 150 mg·L-1, on the quality of seedlings determined by the content of chlorophyll, height, leaf area, dry matter of roots and of the aerial part of cucumber, squash, melon and watermelon. Sowing of all species carried out on October 21, 2013 in polystyrene trays with 200 cavities filled with peat moss. Treatments were the doses of 150 mg of PBZ·L-1 water and the control (distilled water). The solution with PBZ and the distilled water were applied only once with manual atomizer on cotyledonal leaves by mean of 25 shots made approximately with the same force, having put physical barriers between experimental units. In the four species (cucumber, squash, melon and watermelon) the PBZ increased the chlorophyll content in 26.0%, 14.9%, 19.4% and 26.5%, respectively, compared to the control;height decreased in 24.0%, 34.7%, 16.3% and 23.4%;leaf area decreased in 40.1, 0.5, 30.4 and 16.2%;the dry matter of roots increased in 20.0%, 62.5%, 85.7% and 19.7%;whereas in cucumber the dry matter of the aerial part increased 12.3%, in squash decreased 5.3%, and in melon and watermelon increased in the respective 22.9 and 3.3%, so that the 150 mg dose of PBZ can be used to produce seedlings with higher quality for transplant.
基金supported by the Beijing Joint Project Specific FundsNational Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.30873393,81274112,81373986)the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Nos.7112098,7132152)
文摘Siraitia grosvenorii is a perennial herb endemic to Guangxi province of China. Its fruit, commonly known as Luo hanguo, and has been used for hundreds of years as a natural sweetener and as a traditional medicine for the treatment of pharyngitis, pharyngeal pain, as well as an anti-tussive remedy in China. Based on ninety-three literary sources, this review summarized the advances in chemistry, biological effects, and toxicity research of S. grosvenorii during the past 30 years. Several different classes of compounds have been isolated or detected from various parts of S. grosvenorii, mainly triterpenoids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, amino acids, and essential oils. Various types of extracts or individual compounds derived from this species exhibited a wide array of biological effects e.g. anti-tussive, phlegm-relieving, anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, liver-protecting, glucose-lowering, and anti-microbial. The existing research has shown that extracts and individual compounds from S. grosvenorii are basically non-toxic. Finally, some suggestions for further research on specific chemical and pharmacological properties of S. grosvenorii are proposed in this review.
文摘Trichosanthin, a protein isolated from the root tuber of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim(Cucurbitaceae), is the active proteinous principle of a Chinese medicine. It is able to induce abortion of mid-gestation and to terminate early pregnancy, and it is effective for treatment of benign, malignant hydatidiform moles and ectopic pregnancy. Recently it has also been found an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) and a